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貨車滾動(dòng)軸承固定式半自動(dòng)拆卸機(jī)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)-在線瀏覽

2024-07-23 16:08本頁(yè)面
  

【正文】 sixth National Railway acceleration background, the Safety of the Railway Transport appears to be particularly important. On the one hand railway freight train rolling bearings support the weight of a whole carriage, on the other hand bearing inner race in high speed rotation along with the axle. It is the nonwearable parts in application, but it is also the key ponents in Railway Transportation Safety .Once the rolling bearings are broken, the whole train cannot move in time. Transportation route is severe ballup. At the some time, it is very difficult to repair the train again. As a result, it is very important to prevent the fault of rolling bearings. The regulation on railway department said that rollingstock section must overhaul the rolling bearings regularly, aim at some rolling bearings need to be disassembled, The STL2A type fixed semiautomatic dismantling machine for rolling bearings is considered. The STL2Atype dismantling machine for rolling bearings is a specialized machine which is use for dismantling the rolling bearings of freight trains, It can dismantle all kinds of rolling bearings at the time being. Such as the rolling bearings of noncased axles of the wheels of RB2, RD2, RE2. As a result, It is widely used in train manufacturers, train divisions, train overhaul factories and so on. The machine is made up of a bed, a left and right dismantling device, a supporting jar, a advancing jar, a bearing roll dish, a hydraulic pressure system and a electric control system, etc. This paper is to design a dismantling machine which meets the requirement of accurate in localization, simple in structure, small in volume, low in price, high in automatic level and efficiency, easy in operation and maintenance base on the materials and investigation. This paper mainly designs the hydraulic system and mechanical structure of the machine. Overall design parameter and technical specifications: 1) the biggest dismantling power of one side: 500 KN 2) the wheels smallest outer diameter: 760 mm; 3) the wheels biggest outer diameter: 915 mm; 4) the biggest length of axle: 2200mm; 5) track gauge: 1435mm, 6) the power of electromotor: 15KW; 7) the high pressure of hydraulic system’s:10Mp; 8) the low pressure of hydraulic system’s: 2Mp. KEYWORDS: rolling bearing; dismantle; hydraulic pressure jar; Mechanical structure 廣東海洋大學(xué) 2020 屆 本科生畢業(yè) 設(shè)計(jì) - 1 - STL— 2A 貨車滾動(dòng)軸承固定式半自動(dòng)拆卸機(jī)設(shè)計(jì) 專業(yè):機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及其自動(dòng)化 ,學(xué)號(hào) : 202020211325, 姓名 : 指導(dǎo)教師: 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說明書 1 緒論 課題來源 鐵路貨車滾動(dòng)軸承一方面要承受整個(gè)車廂的重量,另一方面軸承的內(nèi)圈又隨車軸一起作高速旋轉(zhuǎn),是非常容易磨損的部件,也是關(guān)系到鐵路運(yùn)輸安全的關(guān)鍵部件。因此預(yù)防滾動(dòng)軸承故障的發(fā)生,對(duì)于機(jī)車的安全運(yùn)輸就顯得十分重要。 STL2A 滾動(dòng)軸承 拆卸機(jī)的用途 STL2A滾動(dòng)軸承拆卸機(jī)是用于拆卸鐵路車輛滾動(dòng)軸承的專用設(shè)備,能拆卸目前所用的多種型號(hào)滾動(dòng)軸承,如 RB2, RD2, RE2 型輪對(duì)的無軸箱滾動(dòng)軸承。 STL2A 滾動(dòng)軸承 拆卸機(jī) 的結(jié)構(gòu)組成 及其特點(diǎn) 該機(jī)主要由床身、左右拆卸裝置、支承缸、推進(jìn)缸、軸承滾道、液壓系統(tǒng)、電氣控制系統(tǒng)等組成。 拆卸時(shí)半圓型卡爪拉力器卡住軸承內(nèi)圈, 在拆卸過程中, 拆卸力 幾乎全部被 封閉在軸的內(nèi)部, 使得 拆卸過程簡(jiǎn)單可靠。 STL2A 滾動(dòng)軸承 拆卸機(jī)的 工作形式 STL2A 滾動(dòng)軸承 拆卸機(jī)工作形式可分為: 廣東海洋大學(xué) 2020 屆 本科生畢業(yè) 設(shè)計(jì) - 2 - A) 輪對(duì)兩端同時(shí)自動(dòng)拆卸軸承 ; B) 任一端單獨(dú)自動(dòng)拆卸軸承 ; C) 人工分步 操作完成拆 卸動(dòng)作(設(shè)備檢修調(diào)試使用) ; D) 空車自動(dòng)拆卸(試車使用) 。 設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容 1) 研究設(shè)計(jì)滾動(dòng)軸承壓裝機(jī),該設(shè)備應(yīng)設(shè)計(jì)為全液壓式 ; 2) 設(shè)備工作為程序控制完成自動(dòng)工作循環(huán) ; 3) 總裝配設(shè)計(jì) ; 4) 液壓系統(tǒng)原理設(shè)計(jì) ; 5) 主要零部件設(shè)計(jì) 。然后計(jì)算各階段的外負(fù)載并繪制負(fù)載圖。 表 3- 1 工作循環(huán)各階段的外負(fù)載 工作循環(huán) 外負(fù)載 F( KN) 工作循環(huán) 外負(fù)載 F( KN) 頂起 12 快進(jìn) 5 卡爪放下 3 壓退 500 降下 12 擬定液壓系統(tǒng)原理圖 確定供油方式 考慮到該機(jī)床 在壓退軸承 時(shí) 的 負(fù)載 較大,速度不大。因?yàn)闄C(jī)床分為輔助支撐油路部分和主工作油路部分。該機(jī)床的執(zhí)行元件比較多所以采用多執(zhí)行元件互不干擾回路,通過雙泵供油實(shí)現(xiàn)。在頂起機(jī)構(gòu) 中 因?yàn)?在降下時(shí)也要進(jìn)行速度控制,故應(yīng)在 回路中采用回油節(jié)流調(diào)速回路,該回路速度剛性較高,速度與 負(fù)載的大少無關(guān)。 而且在主缸縮回的速度不受調(diào)速閥的限制,大大縮短空載運(yùn)行時(shí)間,提高了工作效率。 速度換接方式的選擇 本系統(tǒng)采用電磁閥的快慢速度換接回路,它的特點(diǎn)是結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、調(diào)節(jié)行程比較方便,閥的安裝比較容易。
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