【正文】 shopping or TV. But South Korea is starting to challenge this opinion. Another experiment conducted by psychologist Stephen Kaplan found that people who took a 50minute walk in a park had better attention and shortterm memory than those who took a walk along a city street.s more surprising is that nature may also make us more creative. David Strayer, a psychologist at the University of Utah, showed as much with a group of participants, who performed 50 percent better on creative problemsolving tasks after three days of wilderness backpacking.s as it should be.（1）What is Kang Byoungwook doing? lost in nature. up his strength. to control a forest fire. firefighters under stress.（2）What does Lisa Nisbet think of being outdoors? is overlooked by people. has nothing to do with happiness. Koreans show great interest in it. need more evidence for its benefits.（3）What benefit of nature did Stephen Kaplan find? affects people39。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。他完全沉浸在大自然之中。 （2）考查推理判斷。故選A。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“had better attention and shortterm memory ”可知，Stephen Kaplan的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)親近大自然可以提高注意力和短期記憶力，也就是說提高了大腦的工作效率。 （4）考查主旨大意。故選B。3．犇犇閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。 Why does time seem to fly by faster as we get old? You39。rapid fire39。 The new finding put forward by a Duke University researcher was published in a paper in the journal European Review this week According to Adrian Bejan, the J. A Jones Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Duke, the physical changes of our nerves and neurons play, a major role in our perception (知覺) of time as we get old. Over the years these structures bee more plex and eventually begin to degrade.re processing images at a faster rate, Beian says, For older people, this means fewer images are being processed in the same amount of time, causing experiences to seem as though they39。Changes of our nerves and neurons.B.The electrical signals.D.Longer days.Aging brains.More images.Less experience.（3）Why do the days seem longer earlier in life? A.The younger brain takes less time to process information.C.Little babies move their eyes much more often.（4）What is the best title of the text? A.Time Flies FastC.The Function of the Brain【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）B（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了為什么老年人會覺得時間過得較快，主要原因是隨著年齡的增長，大腦中神經元的變化讓老年人的大腦需要更多的時間來處理接收到的信息，這樣就會讓他們覺得時間過得較快。根據(jù)第一段中的 This is likely due largely to the physical changes of our nerves and neurons (神經元).可知，老年人覺得時間過得過快的原因是神經和神經元的變化。 （2）考查推理判斷。ve got your aging brain to blame.和第二段中的Over the years, these structures bee more plex and eventually begin to degrade.可知，隨著年齡的增長，不可避免的就是大腦結構的老化。 （3）考查推理判斷。當我們變老的時候，大腦需要更多的時間來處理信息。故選B。文章首句點明了文章談論中心：為什么隨著我們變老，我們會覺得時間過得更快？后面文章主要解釋了原因：老年人因為大腦退化，神經元的變化導致他們覺得時間過得較快。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，同時根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，概括歸納，從而選出正確答案。 Stocky, slowmoving whale, rarely grows beyond 15 metres in length variable dorsal fin size and shape。 Bumpy tubercles on top of head often extensive white on flippers and underside of body and flukes。 Bushy blow, occasionally Vshaped Humpback whales belong to the rorqual (groovethroated) family, which includes fin, sei, Bryde39。 some nonbreeding females probably remain in the southern waters during winter. Young humpback whales return to their area of birth but in later life some wander between breeding areas. Humpbacks eat small shrimps and other schooling prey, such as fish, forming small, cooperative groups of two to three individuals to feed.hump39。 Protection status: Recovering well from past whaling and now numerous in some former migration and aggregation areas, rarely seen in others.（1）Which of the following is TRUE about humpback whales? A.They are large and likely to grow longer than 15 metres.C.Their bumpy tubercles and blowholes are on both sides of head.（2）Which of the following can be inferred from this article39。 migration? A.They can39。They find plentiful food in tropical waters.D. . A.introduce how humpbacks migrate through some dangerous watersC.help distinguish humpbacks from other similar species【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了座頭鯨外形特點、體重、顏色，以及其如何繁殖、喂養(yǎng)等生活習性等，并呼吁大家保護它。根據(jù)第四個小點后的一段Body color is dark brown to black。 such patterns enable individual recognition可知，座頭鯨體色由深棕色至黑色，腳蹼、身體底部和尾鰭上通常是大面積的白色；這樣的圖案使單個的座頭鯨很容易被識別。 （2）考查推理判斷?？芍?，座頭鯨在熱帶地區(qū)繁殖?？芍^鯨需要在暖和的地方繁殖，故選A。本文主要對座頭鯨外形特點、體重、顏色，以及其如何繁殖喂養(yǎng)等生活習性等作了介紹，并呼吁大家保護意識。分析選項可知C項符合題意，故選C。5．犇犇閱讀理解 Having conducted previous research in 2017 revealing that eating similar foods led to people feeling emotionally closer to one another, Dr Woolley and Dr Fishbach wondered whether the way in which food was served also had a psychological effect. They theorized that, on the one hand, sharing food with other people might indicate food scarcity（短缺）and increase a feeling of petition. However, they also reasoned that it could instead lead people to bee more aware of others39。 For the first test they recruited 100 pairs of participants from a local cafe, none of whom knew each other. The participants were seated at a table and fed tortilla chips with salsa. Half the pairs were given their own basket of 20 grams of chips and a bowl of 25 grams of salsa, and half were given 40 grams of chips and 50 grams of salsa to share. As a cover for the experiment, all participants were told this snack was to be consumed before the game began. The researchers measured cooperation by noting the number of rounds it took to reach an agreement, and found that those who shared food resolved the strike significantly faster（in 8. 7rounds）than those who did not（ rounds）. A similar experiment was conducted with 104participants and Goldfish crackers（餅干）, this time negotiating an airline39。A meal taken at home.B.A meal consumed by oneself.A meal taken in a f