【正文】 ents with college degrees? Even in a more democratic society. The answer would be no.How do we explain this? Some of it has to do with discrimination (歧視). Latinos and AfricanAmericans still get paid less than whites, and women still get paid less than men, 5 of equality of opportunity is education. After World War Ⅱ, we made a major effort to 8 gap between rich and poor kids born in 2001 was 30 to 40 percent larger than it was for those born 25 years earlier, a Stanford sociologist found. Of course, there are other forces 10 . Children in rich families get more exposure to reading. Their families can afford enriching experiences like music lessons and summer camp. They get better nutrition and health care, which enhance their learning, directly and indirectly.to higher education so difficult for those at the bottom and middle. There are many 12 s inecontingent loan program to the nearfree system of universities in Europe. A more educated population produces greater innovation, and a booming economy. Those benefits are why we39。to free public education through 12th grade. But while a 12thgrade education might have been enough a century ago, it isn39。t 14 The steps I39。that the vast majority of Americans share. We will never fully succeed in achieving Mr. Obama39。s having exactly the same opportunities as a wealthy girl. But we could do much, much better, and must not rest until we do.1. A. prejudiceB. inferiorC. povertyD. minority2. A. narrowerB. widerC. severerD. closer3. A. conductedB. concludedC. excludedD. exposed4. A. distinct fromB. feasible byC. superior toD. dependent on5. A. even thoughB. as thoughC. only ifD. as if6. A. photographB. pictureC. atmosphereD. condition7. A. lackB. leakC. explosionD. extinction8. A. exhibitB. exploreC. extendD. exploit9. A. contributionB. satisfactionC. achievementD. ambition10. A. at playB. under controlC. in useD. on show11. A. devotionB. familiarityC. applicationD. access12. A. imaginativeB. alternativeC. sensitiveD. productive13. A. admittedB. permittedC. devotedD. limited14. A. abandonedB. adjustedC. alteredD. applied15. A. memoriesB. gloryC. realityD. ideals【答案】 （1）C；（2）A；（3）D；（4）D；（5）A；（6）D；（7）A；（8）C；（9）C；（10）A；（11）D；（12）B；（13）C；（14）B；（15）D； 【解析】【分析】本文主要就前美國總統(tǒng)奧巴馬在第二次就職演講中強調(diào)美國對機會平等的理想的承諾，指出了美國機會不平等的現(xiàn)象很嚴峻，并分析了造成這一情況的原因。A. prejudice偏見；B. inferior下級；C. poverty奧巴馬在第二次就職演講中強調(diào)美國對機會平等的理想的承諾，也就是說出身貧困的人也和別人一樣有成功的機會，故答案為C。A. narrower更窄的；B. wider更寬的；C. severer更嚴峻的；D. closer更近的。 （3）句意：一項又一項研究揭露了美國是一片充滿機遇的土地是不真實的。 推斷；C. excluded 根據(jù)本空后的“the myth that America is a land of opportunity.”可知，一項又一項研究揭露了真相，故答案為D。A. distinct from與……不同；B. feasible by可行的；C. superior to優(yōu)于；D. dependent on依賴于。 （5）句意：雖然女性獲得的高等學(xué)歷數(shù)量超過了男性，但她們的薪酬仍然低于男性。盡管女性比男性的學(xué)歷高，但她們的薪酬仍然低于男性，前后是讓步關(guān)系，故答案為A。A. photograph照片；B. picture圖畫；C. atmosphere 氣氛；D. condition情況。（7）句意：缺乏機會平等最重要的原因可能是教育。上文討論的是美國缺乏機會平等這一問題，故答案為A。A. exhibit根據(jù)本空后的“higher education to Americans across the country.”可知，我們努力把高等教育推廣到全國各地，故答案為C。A. contribution貢獻；B. satisfaction滿意； ment成就；D. ambition抱負。 （10）句意：當然，還有其他力量（因素）在起作用?？蘸笳f富裕家庭的孩子更多地接觸到閱讀，他們的家庭可以負擔(dān)得起豐富的體驗，他們還能得到更好的營養(yǎng)和保健，這些都是起作用的因素，故答案為A。A. devotion奉獻；B. familiarity精通；C. application應(yīng)用；D. access進入、使用權(quán)。 access to表示“使用、接近”，故答案為D。A. imaginative虛構(gòu)的；B. alternative供選擇的、替代的； C. sensitive敏感的；D. productive多產(chǎn)的。s inecontingent loan program to the nearfree system of universities in Europe.”可知，從澳大利亞的收入掛鉤貸款計劃到歐洲近乎免費的大學(xué)體系，有很多別的途徑可以為更多的人提供接受高等教育的機會，故答案為B。A. admitted承認； B. permitted許可；C. devoted獻身； D. limited限制。grade.”可知，我們一直致力于1到12年級的免費公共教育，be devoted to表示“致力于”，故答案為C。A. abandoned放棄；B. adjust ed調(diào)整；C. altered改變；D. applied應(yīng)用。 （15）句意：然而，更重要的是，我們不能讓我們的國家離大多數(shù)美國人所共有的理想越來越遠。根據(jù)文章開頭的“the dream of equality of opportunity”可知此處指機會平等的理想，第二段第一句中的“ideal”也是提示，故答案為D。首先通讀全文，掌握文章主旨，然后根據(jù)具體語境、段與段的邏輯關(guān)系以及詞語的復(fù)現(xiàn)的方法解題。3．閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C、D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。 At a restaurant, a cockroach(蟑螂) suddenly flew from somewhere and sat on a lady. She started screaming out of 1 . With a frightened face and trembling voice, she started 2 , with both her hands desperately trying to 3 also got scared. The lady 5 it landed on another lady in the group.of the other lady in the group to 8 the behavior of the cockroach on his shirt. When he was 11 Enjoying my coffee and watching the whole 12 , my mind picked up a few thoughts and started 13 . Was the cockroach responsible for their histrionic (有如演戲的) 14 ? If so, then why was the waiter not 15 ? He dealt with it near to perfection, 16 It was not the cockroach, but the inability of those people to 17 s my inability to deal with the disturbances caused by their 19 s my reaction to the problem that 20 通過這件事兒，作者意識到生活中的困難不是來自于外界而是來自于自己的能力不足。 （1）考查名詞。蟑螂突然落到這位女士身上，這位女士肯定是害怕得大叫起來。故選C。A. jumping “跳躍 ”；B. gathering“聚集 ”；C. walking“ 步行”； D. wandering“徘徊，流浪”。故選A。A. catch hold of“抓住，擁有” B. put up with“ 容忍，忍受 ”；C. look down upon “看不起”； D. get rid of “排除，擺脫”。故選D。A. group “組，隊”； B. seat “座位”； C. role “角色”； D. room“房間”。故選A。A. gradually“ 逐漸地” B. suddenly“突然地 ”；C. finally“ 最終地”； D. nearly“幾乎”。故選C。A. as “雖然，當，由于，作為，像……一樣 ”；B. but “但是”；此空前、后含有轉(zhuǎn)折。 （7）考查名詞。根據(jù)上文“l(fā)anded on another lady in the group”可知，這只蟑螂落到了另外一位女士身上，輪到了這位女士慌亂一團。 （8）考查動詞。這只蟑螂落到了另外一位女士身上，輪到了這位女士慌亂一團。（9）考查名詞。此處應(yīng)是服務(wù)員看到這種情況，匆忙跑過去去幫助這兩位女士。 （10）考查動詞。根據(jù)上文“The waiter stood firm , calmed down”可知，這位服務(wù)員不像那兩位女士那樣驚恐萬狀，慌作一團，而是冷靜下來觀察這只蟑螂的動作。 （11）考查形容詞。此處表達的是當他有足夠的把握時候，迅速的用手抓住這只蟑螂并把它扔出餐館。 （12）考查名詞。此處表達是作者喝著咖啡看著眼前發(fā)生的一切（搞笑事件，樂事），心中產(chǎn)生了一些想法。 （13）考查動詞。根據(jù)下文“Was the cockroach responsible for their histrionic __?” 蟑螂是這一小鬧劇行為的罪魁禍首嗎，If so, …可知，以下文章是作者根據(jù)此情此景所做的思考過程。 （14）考查名詞。 蟑螂是這一小鬧劇行為的罪魁禍首嗎，故選D。A. punished“懲罰”；B. a