【正文】 電子信息工程系 專業(yè)班級(jí) 08 電氣（ 2）班 姓 名 學(xué) 號(hào) 指導(dǎo)教師 2021 年 5 月 29 日 1 摘 要 隨著 科學(xué)技術(shù)和市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì) 的 迅猛 發(fā)展， 人類對(duì)土地的利用率越來(lái)越高， 高層建筑 也與日俱增 ， 樓層的增加，給人們的出行造成了很大的不便。 電梯 因?yàn)槠浞奖?、安全、快速等特點(diǎn)逐漸成為 人們?nèi)粘Ｉ畋夭豢缮俚拇焦ぞ?， 因此 如何 努力提高電梯系統(tǒng)的性能，保證電梯的運(yùn)行既高效節(jié)能又安全可靠 也成為了當(dāng)下的一大研究課題 。 為了 提高 電梯 控制系統(tǒng)的可靠性和設(shè)備的工作效率， 本文 設(shè)計(jì) 了一套以 PLC 為核心控制器的電梯自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)，用來(lái)取代以往的較復(fù)雜的繼電器 — 接觸器控制。 關(guān)鍵詞：載貨電梯 ， PLC，變頻器，梯形圖 2 Abstract Along with science and technology and the rapid development of market economy, the utilization rate of mankind to land more and more high, highrise buildings was growing, floor, give people travel increased caused great inconvenience. Elevator because its convenient, safe, fast and so on characteristics gradually bee an indispensable people daily life of transport, so how to efforts to improve the performance of the elevator system, ensure the elevator running both energyefficient and safe reliable and bee one of the present research topic. Because the traditional elevator control system USES is relay logic control circuit, this control easy malfunction, maintenance, operation, short life inconvenience covers a large space, is gradually be eliminated. In order to improve the reliability of elevator control system and equipment work efficiency, this paper designed a set of core controller with PLC for automatic control system, the elevator to replace before the relay a plicated contactor controlling. The core of the system part (control section) USES the Japanese mitsubishi pany produces the FX2N 80 type PLC, in the core control part adopts is software program control, thus greatly improves the elevator for checking and maintenance convenience and ease, also overe the manual brings some human interference factors, made good the expected effect. Keywords: PLC, frequency converter, carrying the elevator, ladder diagram 3 目 錄 摘 要 ................................................................................................................................ 1 第 1 章 緒論 ........................................................................................................................... 1 電梯的起源與發(fā)展 .................................................................................................. 1 載貨電梯的特點(diǎn)與技術(shù)現(xiàn)狀 ................................................................................... 2 本文的研究?jī)?nèi)容、意義 ........................................................................................... 3 第 2 章 電梯的拖動(dòng)與控制技術(shù) ............................................................................................ 4 電梯的定義與種類 .................................................................................................. 4 電梯的定義 ................................................................................................... 4 電梯的種類 ................................................................................................... 4 電 梯的主要組成 ...................................................................................................... 5 電梯空間組成 ............................................................................................... 5 電梯功能組成 ............................................................................................... 5 電梯的主要拖動(dòng)技術(shù) ............................................................................................... 6 電梯的主要控制技術(shù) ............................................................................................... 7 第 3 章 貨梯控制系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................ 9 可編程控制器（ PLC） ........................................................................................... 9 可編程控制器（ PLC）的發(fā)展 ..................................................................... 9 可編程控制器（ PLC）的定義 ..................................................................... 9 可編程控制器（ PLC）的基本結(jié)構(gòu) ........................................................... 10 可編程控制器（ PLC）的工作原理 ........................................................... 11 可編程控制器（ PLC）的性能指標(biāo) ........................................................... 13 可編程控制器（ PLC）的特點(diǎn)與應(yīng)用 ....................................................... 14 變頻器 .................................................................................................................... 14 變頻器的基本結(jié)構(gòu) ...................................................................................... 14 變頻器的分類 ............................................................................................. 15 變頻器的工作原理 ...................................................................................... 16 4 電梯變頻器調(diào)速控制的特點(diǎn) ...................................................................... 16 變頻器的選擇 ............................................................................................. 17 貨梯控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)思想 ......................................................................................... 19 控制對(duì)象 ..................................................................................................... 19 控制要求 ..................................................................................................... 19 工作原理 ...............................................................................