【正文】 ..................................... 7 接口說明 ......................................................................................................................... 8 超聲波測(cè)距原理 ............................................................................................................. 8 光電傳感器 ........................................................................................................................ 8 LCD1602 液晶顯示 ............................................................................................................. 9 液晶顯示 LCD 實(shí)物圖 ..................................................................................................... 9 液晶顯示原理 ................................................................................................................. 9 管腳功能 ......................................................................................................................... 9 4 系統(tǒng)單 元電路的設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................. 10 超聲波收發(fā)電路 .............................................................................................................. 10 紅外線收發(fā)電路 .............................................................................................................. 10 單片機(jī)主控電路 .............................................................................................................. 11 電源電路 .......................................................................................................................... 11 LCD1602 顯示電路 ........................................................................................................... 12 電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)電路 .................................................................................................................. 13 直流電機(jī) H 橋驅(qū)動(dòng)方案的選擇 .................................................................................. 14 調(diào)速原理 ............................................................................................................... 14 光警示電路 ...................................................................................................................... 16 單片機(jī)復(fù)位電路 .............................................................................................................. 16 單片機(jī)時(shí)鐘震蕩電路 ...................................................................................................... 17 5 軟件設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................................................................... 18 主程序 .............................................................................................................................. 19 避障子程序 ...................................................................................................................... 19 電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)子程序 .............................................................................................................. 20 顯示子程序 ...................................................................................................................... 21 測(cè)量距離子程序 .............................................................................................................. 23 光警示子程序 .................................................................................................................. 24 6 調(diào)試與仿真 ................................................................................................. 24 調(diào)試仿真工具 Proteus 介紹 .......................................................................................... 24 硬件的制作與調(diào)試 .......................................................................................................... 26 電路與程序調(diào)試過程 ...................................................................................................... 28 電路的仿真調(diào)試 ........................................................................................................... 28 電路的調(diào)試 ................................................................................................................... 28 7 結(jié)論 ............................................................................................................ 30 謝辭 ......................................................................................... 錯(cuò)誤 !未定義書簽。 Single chip microputer。 Smart car in the application of social life. Hightech level rising in our country at the same time, industrial process automation is in constant propulsion, smart car can automatically take some measures to avoid obstacles, effectively avoid the happening of traffic accident, but also are widely used in the design of all kinds of toys and other products, greatly enriched people39。s society more and more high, the improvement of the intelligent transportation is will not do less, due to the popularity of traffic tools, because the driver from driving for a long time of the spirit of inattention and many serious traffic accidents, so the birth of smart cars is inevitable, it aims to improve vehicle safety, adaptability, fort, and promote good interactive interface, autonomous intelligent tracing car obstacle avoidance is by singlechip puter, sensor, signal processors, motor drive and automatic control technology to realize environmental awareness and the bination of autonomous driving technology, along with the continuously improve enterprise production technology as well as the growing demand for automation technology, intelligent vehicle has been widely used in many industrial sectors. It has increasingly deep into the social and industrial aspects, such as: intelligent car applications in logistics。以 ATmega16 為主控芯片，利用超聲波傳感器對(duì)距離的檢測(cè)，將前方障礙探測(cè)出，并且通過超聲波的傳回?cái)?shù)據(jù)以及紅外線傳感器對(duì)小車兩側(cè)的障礙物位置的確定，進(jìn)行判斷， 1602 液晶顯示所測(cè)距離，然后由 ATmega16 單片機(jī)發(fā)出指令，控制電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)采用常用的 PWM 方式進(jìn)行電機(jī)的調(diào)速控制。 在我國高科技水平的日益提高的同時(shí)，工業(yè)自動(dòng)化進(jìn)程也在不斷地推進(jìn)，智能小車能夠通過自動(dòng)采取一些躲避障礙物的措施，有效避免交通事故的發(fā)生，同時(shí)也被廣泛應(yīng)用于各種玩具和其他產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)中，極大地豐富了人們的生活?？梢哉f它已 日益 深入到社會(huì)和工業(yè)的各個(gè)方面，例 如：智能車在物流運(yùn)輸方面的應(yīng)用；智能車在軍事領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用；智能車在社會(huì)生活中的應(yīng)用；智能車在智能運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)上的應(yīng)