【正文】 anization processes, culture, and customers to achieve and sustain breakaway (from petitors) results. A fundamental acceptance of 6 Sigma practices as normal, day to day work 穿模式 ： 大規(guī)模的基礎(chǔ)改變 貫 穿于整個(gè)組織 流程 、 文化 、 客戶 以獲得並保持與競爭者的業(yè)績優(yōu)勢 。 we don’t have one 6Sigma只在你有流程時(shí)適用 。Introduction6“the snowball is growing, and by year 2023 the cumulative bottom line impact of six sigma quality will be measured in the billions ” 雪球越累越大 ,到 2023年時(shí) , 6Sigma質(zhì)量的累積改善效益將要用十億來衡量 . J. Welch“there is more to this than anything that has e down in a long time”從長時(shí)期看來 , 6Sigma比任何事所引起的改進(jìn)都要快 L. Bossidy ‘85 ‘90 ‘95 2023Motorola ABB GEAllied SignalSunbeamSix Sigma Deployment in Industry工業(yè)中 6Sigma的配量Introduction7Variation變異IntroductionVariation is in Everything。1Introduction SIX SIGMA Training in PantenePrepared By Ben Fok Date:20 ’Introduction2其他難于操作 (低效率方法 )實(shí)際結(jié)果 (X%) 錯(cuò)誤的工具及方法溝通不暢誤解 (錯(cuò)誤的指導(dǎo) )損失0% 取得 100% 目標(biāo)管理失誤Introduction 損失 減少 增加 質(zhì)量系統(tǒng)和質(zhì)量工具基礎(chǔ)業(yè)績3Pantene Problem issuesu Bosch handle probelmIntroduction46 Sigma is also a measure of variability. It is a name given to indicate how much of the data falls within the customers’ requirements. The higher the process sigma, the more of the process outputs, products and services, meet customers’ requirements – or, the fewer the defects.它同時(shí)也是變異的一種評(píng)估 .它的名字暗示了有多少數(shù)據(jù)是符合客戶的要求的 .流程 Sigma越高則表示流程的輸出 ,產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)越符合客戶的要求 或者表示缺陷越少 .Sigma is the Greek letter that is a statistical unit of measurement used to define the standard deviation of a population. It measures the variability or spread of the data.Sigma是被用來定義人口標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差異的評(píng)估統(tǒng)計(jì)單位的希臘字母 .它用來評(píng)估數(shù)據(jù)的變化或者散布 .What is sigma?Sigma是什麼 ?Introduction5What is the Sigmau 六個(gè)西格瑪是一項(xiàng)以數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ)，追求幾乎完美的質(zhì)量管理方法。六個(gè)西格瑪?shù)墓芾矸ㄖ攸c(diǎn)是將所有的工作作為一種流程，采用量化的方法分析流程中影響質(zhì)量的因素，找出最關(guān)鍵的因素加以改進(jìn)從而達(dá)到更高的客戶滿意度。任何事物存在變異even a 6 SIGMA process has Variation6SIGMA流程也有變異8Who’s The Better Marksman?誰是更好的射手DougJimVariation is our Business Enemy! 變異是我們經(jīng)營的敵人All Products Processes have variation! 所有的產(chǎn)品和流程存在變異What is Variation?變異是什么變異是什么 ?Introduction9Variation變異u What do you know about variation from one data point? 從一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn)你能知道什么變異嗎 ? Should you make an adjustment if you are off target? 當(dāng)你偏離目標(biāo)時(shí)是否應(yīng)該調(diào)整 ? Why? 為什么 ?u What do you know about variation from 2 data points? 從 2個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)里你能得知什么變異 ? Should you make an adjustment if you are off target? 當(dāng)你偏離目標(biāo)時(shí)是否應(yīng)該調(diào)整 ? Why? 為什么 ?u What do you know about variation from 30 data points? 從 30個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)中你能得知什么變異 ? Should you make an adjustment if you are off target? 當(dāng)你偏離目標(biāo)時(shí)是否應(yīng)該調(diào)整 ? Why? 為什么 ?Introduction10Product or Service Output產(chǎn)品或者服務(wù)輸出Critical Customer Requirement客戶的重點(diǎn)要求Mean目標(biāo)Defects:缺陷 Service unacceptable to customer客戶不能接受的服務(wù)Mean目標(biāo)Moving the Mean移動(dòng)目標(biāo)Introduction11Variation變異Product or Service Output產(chǎn)品或者服務(wù)輸Critical Customer Requirement客戶重點(diǎn)要求Defects:缺點(diǎn) Service unacceptable to customer客戶不能接受的服務(wù)Mean目標(biāo)Reducing the process output Variation 減少流程的輸出變異Reduce VariationIntroduction12 * 20,000 lost articles of mail per hour 每小時(shí)丟失 20,000個(gè)郵遞物件* Unsafe drinking water almost 15 minutes each day 每天有 15分鐘的不安全* 5,000 incorrect surgical operations per week 每周有 5,000個(gè)錯(cuò)類外科手朮* 2 short or long landings at most major airports each day* 每天在大多數(shù)主要機(jī)場 2個(gè)短的或長的著落* No electricity for almost 7 hours each month 每個(gè)月幾乎有 7個(gè)小時(shí)沒電* 5 lost messages per month 每個(gè)月有丟失 5個(gè)郵件信息* Overnight carriers lose 15,000 packages per week每周的通商郵遞丟失 15,000個(gè)包裹* 25 incorrect car rental reservations per pany per day * 每天每一個(gè)公司有 25個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的汽車出租預(yù)定4? Performance4?績效Airline deaths per passenger mile are 7s +… A Good Thing!The Classical View of Performance績效的古典看法Introduction136? Quality is not only POSSIBLE,6?品質(zhì)不僅只是可能 ,Customers DEMAND it!客戶要求如此6 Capability New Standard7 能力 長期產(chǎn)出合格率 % 新標(biāo)準(zhǔn) %LongTerm Yield?3 Capability Historical Standard 能力 長期產(chǎn)出合格率 % 歷史標(biāo)準(zhǔn)%LongTerm Yield?4 Capability Current Standard 5 能力 長期產(chǎn)出合格率 % 當(dāng)前標(biāo)準(zhǔn)%LongTerm Yield?Evolution of Quality Performance質(zhì)量績效的進(jìn)展Introduction14Problem Resolution問題決定Behavior行動(dòng)Decision Making決策Process Adjustment流程調(diào)整Supplier Selection供應(yīng)商選擇 Planning計(jì)劃Design設(shè)計(jì)Employee Training雇員培訓(xùn)ChainofCommand命生令Direction指令Manpower 人力Organizational Issue公司Fixing (symptoms)確認(rèn) (癥狀 )Reactive反應(yīng)Experience Based經(jīng)驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ) TweakingCost (piece price成本 (單價(jià) )ShortTerm短期Performance業(yè)績If Time Permits如時(shí)間欠許 Hierarchy附層SeatofPantsCost 成本Traditional Approach傳統(tǒng)途徑Preventing (causes)預(yù)防 (原因 )Proactive主動(dòng)Data Based數(shù)據(jù)基礎(chǔ)Controlling控制Capability 能力 LongTerm長期Producibility可生產(chǎn)Mandated已命令Empowered Teams授權(quán)的團(tuán)體Benchmarking Metrics基準(zhǔn)和生產(chǎn) Asset 資產(chǎn)Six Sigma Approach6Sigma途徑Examples of the Six Sigma Approach6Sigma途徑舉例Introduction15Measurement衡量Introduction16Quantifying Quality A Common System for Measurement質(zhì)量化 衡量的普通 系統(tǒng)Best最好Better更好Good好World Class生產(chǎn)一流Great好極了Percent完美FromToPoor差A(yù)verage平均Best最好PPM1 2 3 4 5 6SigmaIntroduction17Harvesting the Fruit of Six Sigma6Sigma的成果收獲WHAT LEVEL ARE WE?Sweet Fruit 甜果Advanced Tools, DFSS, DFMA:Gets root causes of toughest problems FAS先進(jìn)的方法 ,DFSS,DFMA:快速地得到最棘手問題的根本原因