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古典國際貿(mào)易理論-展示頁

2024-10-15 15:43本頁面
  

【正文】 inner, but from their regard to their own interest, every individual is continually exerting himself to find out the most advantageous employment for whatever capital he can mand. By directing that industry in such a manner as its produce may be of the greatest value, he intends only his own gain, and he is in this, as in many other cases, led by an invisible hand to promote an end which was a part of his intention.” 9 Much of the discipline of economics as it has developed over two centuries consist of elaboration of ideas found in smith’s work, The idea of the “invisible hand” of market incentives that channels people’s efforts in directions that are beneficial to their neighbors remains one of the most durable of Smith’s contributions 10 11 1902年由嚴(yán)復(fù)首次翻譯為 《 原富 》 ,使其傳入中國,為介紹新思想而譯。 傳記: “他的舅舅幸運地為世界挽救了一個天才,正是這樣一個天才創(chuàng)造了經(jīng)濟學(xué);否則這個社會將多了一名算命先生,少了一個經(jīng)濟學(xué)家”。 1776年出版 《 An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations》 。1 第二章 古典國際貿(mào)易理論 Chapter 2 Classical Trade Theory ?第一節(jié) 斯密的絕對優(yōu)勢貿(mào)易理論 ?第二節(jié) 李嘉圖的比較優(yōu)勢貿(mào)易理論 ?第三節(jié) 多個國家或多種產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易模型 2 第一節(jié) 絕對優(yōu)勢貿(mào)易理論 Absolute Advantage Theory Adam Smith之前的貿(mào)易思想 ① 、早期的分工交換思想 ■ 國際貿(mào)易思想的起源追溯--古羅馬古希臘 ■ 最早的分工說提出人:古希臘思想家 Plato ■ 宗教神學(xué) Libannius(公元前4世紀(jì)) Thomas Aquinas(12251274) 3 ▲ 系統(tǒng)研究出現(xiàn)在重商主義經(jīng)濟學(xué)時代 ② 、重商主義( Mercantilism): 產(chǎn)生時代 -15、18世紀(jì)。 時代背景-資本原始積累、黃金渴望 主要觀點 -早期(15-16世紀(jì)中葉 晚期(16世紀(jì)下半期-18世紀(jì)) 共同點:貨幣是財富的唯一形態(tài),貨幣多寡是衡量一國財富的標(biāo)準(zhǔn);獎出限入 不同點:處理時間、區(qū)域范圍不同 ■貨幣平衡論 ■貿(mào)易平衡論 晚期 代表人物 :晚期的 Thomas Mun 4 ③ 、重農(nóng)學(xué)派 時代和國家:17世紀(jì)下半期、法國 先驅(qū)者:P .Boisguillebert 創(chuàng)始人: Francois Quesnay 核心思想:自由經(jīng)濟 思想基礎(chǔ):自然秩序 5 ◆ Adam Smith及其經(jīng)典之作 17231790, 經(jīng)濟學(xué)之父。 斯密3歲父親去世(一說出世前父親去世),與母相依為命,終身未娶。 6 Adam Smith Adam smith was the founder of economics as a distinct field of study, He wrote only one book on the subject –The Wealth of Nations, published in 1776. Smith was 53 years old at the time, His friend David Hume found the book such hard going that he doubted many people wou
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