【正文】 可以采用影印、縮印或掃描等復(fù)制手段保存、匯編學(xué)位論文，允許論文被查閱和借閱。(保密的學(xué)位論文在解密后應(yīng)遵守此協(xié)議)研究生簽名： 時(shí)間： 年 月 日 導(dǎo)師簽名： 時(shí)間： 年 月 日畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）原創(chuàng)性聲明和使用授權(quán)說(shuō)明原創(chuàng)性聲明本人鄭重承諾：所呈交的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文），是我個(gè)人在指導(dǎo)教師的指導(dǎo)下進(jìn)行的研究工作及取得的成果。對(duì)本研究提供過(guò)幫助和做出過(guò)貢獻(xiàn)的個(gè)人或集體，均已在文中作了明確的說(shuō)明并表示了謝意。作者簽名：　　 　 　　 日　 期：　　 　 　　 學(xué)位論文原創(chuàng)性聲明本人鄭重聲明：所呈交的論文是本人在導(dǎo)師的指導(dǎo)下獨(dú)立進(jìn)行研究所取得的研究成果。對(duì)本文的研究做出重要貢獻(xiàn)的個(gè)人和集體，均已在文中以明確方式標(biāo)明。作者簽名： 日期： 年 月 日學(xué)位論文版權(quán)使用授權(quán)書本學(xué)位論文作者完全了解學(xué)校有關(guān)保留、使用學(xué)位論文的規(guī)定，同意學(xué)校保留并向國(guó)家有關(guān)部門或機(jī)構(gòu)送交論文的復(fù)印件和電子版，允許論文被查閱和借閱。涉密論文按學(xué)校規(guī)定處理。2022 年棉花播種面積 104hm2，占農(nóng)作物播種面積的 %，棉花收入占農(nóng)民純收入的 %。本文以國(guó)內(nèi)外棉花生產(chǎn)為背景，特別是以新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)棉花生產(chǎn)為背景，采用參與式農(nóng)村評(píng)估法研究法與文獻(xiàn)調(diào)查、個(gè)案實(shí)證分析、問卷調(diào)查等相結(jié)合的調(diào)查方法，對(duì)麥蓋提縣棉花生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)分析，認(rèn)為該縣棉花生產(chǎn)發(fā)展存在以下主要制約因素：灌溉水資源嚴(yán)重匱乏，勞動(dòng)力緊張，品種多、亂、雜，病蟲害嚴(yán)重，科技支撐體系脆弱，生產(chǎn)資料價(jià)格急漲、勞動(dòng)力成本大幅上升等因素導(dǎo)致種植成本陡增、棉價(jià)和效益劇烈波動(dòng)。通過(guò)研究，得到如下結(jié)論：棉花生產(chǎn)水平不高，差距明顯。大幅度增加基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和科技的投入。教學(xué)系意見：系主任： （簽名）年 月 日果棉間作面積的擴(kuò)大，加重了荒漠化程度。關(guān)鍵詞：麥蓋提；棉花生產(chǎn)；發(fā)展對(duì)策IIResearch On The Current Situation And Development Countermeasure Of Cotton Production In MarkitAbstractMarkit country locates at the southwestern edge of the Taklimakan Basin, is the large cotton production country in china. In 2022，the cotton planting area reached about 104 hm2, which accounted for % of the whole crops planting area. The cotton ine cost about % of the farmers’ pure ine. For years, the cotton production development made the farmers shake off poverty, greatly promoted the local economic development, developed the cotton production, further improved the cotton yield per unit, and made the cotton industry bee an industry to make the people rich, which was of great significance.The paper took the cotton production home and abroad as the background, particularly the cotton production in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. It made the systemic analysis on the current situation of the cotton production in Markit by the approaches bining the participated rural evaluation approach, research approach, literature survey approach, case empirical analysis approach, questionnaire survey approach together. It thought that there were the following main restraining factors in the cotton production development: acute irrigated water resource shortage, tight labor, multiple but mixed and disorderly variety, serious insect pests and plant diseases, weak supporting system by the scientific technology, rising price of the production material, greatly increase of the labor cost, which caused the greatly increase of the planting cost, cotton price and benefit fluctuation. Aiming to the main restraining factors of the cotton production development mentioned above, we should ⅱadopt the following countermeasures: perform the strategy of developing the cotton by science and technology, speed up the cotton industry process, improve the raw cotton quality’s conformity and stability, construct the cotton exquisite brand, enhance the seed management, create the preventiontreatment philosophy, pay attention to the pests prevention and control, plete and perfect the cotton’s original seed breeding base, improve the climate and ecological source environment, increase the river discharge and diverted water volume, perform the water saving irrigated technology, increase and save the water. The following conclusion could be made as follows through the research: cotton production level was not high and the difference was obvious. The cotton planting area in Markit ranked the bottom in 13 cotton planting countries (cities). The cotton planting area in the Xinjiang cost over 30,000 hectares. The cotton’s total output and yield per unit ranked the medium level in 68 cotton planting countries in Xinjiang and hesitated to press forward in the recent 20 years. The weak selfdevelopment force was the main reason. should greatly increase the infrastructure and scientific technology input. Build up the high standard water resource facilities and distribute the water reasonably. Greatly promote the under film drip irrigation advanced technology and save the irrigation water. Perfect the cotton’s original seed base. Promote improved variety of the high output and qualified cotton. Prevent and control the cotton pests scientifically. Promote the intercropping cotton’s high output and qualified planting mode, and realize the plete set of the improved variety and approach, cost saving, output and benefit increase, and cotton planting benefit’s continual increase. enlargement of the intercropping area aggravated the desertification degree. In 2022, the intercropping cost % of the cotton field area, which became the main cotton planting mode. However, this mode increased 103m3/hm2 of the water consumption. The fruit tree irrigation water was replenished by extracting the ground water, which further decreased the ground water level, got rid of the natural ecological water consumption, changed the ground water replenishment transfer, and seriously threaten the dessert planting protection outside the oasis.Keywords: Markit, Cotton production, Development Countermeasureⅲ目 錄第 1 章 引言 ....................................................1 選題背景和意義 ....................................................1 棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)是關(guān)系國(guó)計(jì)民生的重要產(chǎn)業(yè)，在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)中地位舉足輕重 ....1 發(fā)展棉花生產(chǎn)是增加農(nóng)民收入的主要來(lái)源與農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整需要 ....1 發(fā)展棉花生產(chǎn)前景廣闊，意義重大 ................................2 研究目標(biāo)、內(nèi)容和方法 ..............................................2 研究目標(biāo) ......................................................2 研究?jī)?nèi)容 ......................................................3 研究、調(diào)查方法 ................................................4 研究特色和創(chuàng)新 ................................................6 數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)源和說(shuō)明 ................................................7第 2 章 國(guó)內(nèi)外棉花生產(chǎn)概況 .....................................8 世界 棉花生產(chǎn)概述 ..................................................8 種植面積呈穩(wěn)中回落，單產(chǎn)提高，總產(chǎn)增加 ........................8 棉花種植區(qū)廣泛，分布較集中