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論物流成本與物流服務(wù)的關(guān)系-展示頁

2025-07-07 21:57本頁面
  

【正文】 istics cost and logistics service relationship, and how to through the control cost, improve service, the realization enterprise logistics goal. In recent years, the enterprise logistics cost for accurate calculation and control to bee the enterprise core petitive advantage for the important means. The enterprise not only need to grasp accurately the logistics system each subsystem, every link of the specific cost to ensure that the production and business operation and customer service of the rate of return, and need to acquire more detailed logistics cost information to determine the cost cutting part and to the whole logistics process restructuring, in order to improve the operational efficiency of the enterprise logistics system. This paper mainly to logistics management as the research of the main line, focusing on the analysis of enterprise logistics cost and service level, the relationship between the how to guarantee in the established logistics cost conditions to realize the optimal level of service.Key words: Logistics;Logistics cost;Logistics services1 / 32目 錄1 引言 ...............................................................................................................................................12 物流 ...............................................................................................................................................2 物流的產(chǎn)生與發(fā)展 .......................................................................................................................2 物流成本 .......................................................................................................................................3 物流成本的概念及作用 .......................................................................................................3 物流成本管理 .......................................................................................................................3 影響企業(yè)物流成本的因素 ....................................................................................................4 物流服務(wù) .......................................................................................................................................4 物流服務(wù)的概念及質(zhì)量 ........................................................................................................4 物流服務(wù)的作用 ....................................................................................................................5 影響企業(yè)物流服務(wù)的因素 ....................................................................................................63 企業(yè)的物流目標 ............................................................................................................................8 降低成本 .......................................................................................................................................8 提高服務(wù) .....................................................................................................................................10 使用先進技術(shù)提高企業(yè)的經(jīng)營效益 .........................................................................................11 ......................................................................................................14 物流成本與物流服務(wù)的四種關(guān)系 .............................................................................................14 引證實例分析物流服務(wù)與物流成本的關(guān)系 .........................................................................14 探究如何在既定的物流成本條件下實現(xiàn)物流服務(wù)水平的最優(yōu)化 ..........................................165 合理平衡兩者的措施 ..................................................................................................................19 .................................................................................................................................20結(jié) 束 語 ........................................................................................................................................21謝 辭 ............................................................................................................................................22參考文獻 ........................................................................................................................................231 / 321 引言20 世紀 50 年代以來,在社會經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展過程中,物流學(xué)在管理科學(xué)的發(fā)展中是最突出、最具創(chuàng)造性的一個新領(lǐng)域。與此相反,物流流通領(lǐng)域是一個研究尚未成熟的領(lǐng)域。發(fā)展物流產(chǎn)業(yè),建立穩(wěn)固、合理而高效的物流系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)成為中國經(jīng)濟的一大熱點,在政府部門、企業(yè)界和學(xué)術(shù)界,物流領(lǐng)域理論研究、學(xué)科發(fā)展、經(jīng)營與管理實踐等得到了高度的重視。對于加快企業(yè)發(fā)展,優(yōu)化資源配置、提高經(jīng)濟運行質(zhì)量等,具有十分重要的意義。其中物流服務(wù)業(yè)的發(fā)展是承載我國經(jīng)濟運行中物資流、信息流、資金流和價值流的主要載體,但目前我國物流行業(yè)的發(fā)展水平遠落后于世界發(fā)達國家,物流成本經(jīng)濟總量水平占國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的比重一直保持在百分之二十以上,企業(yè)物流整體服務(wù)水平不高,物流成本水平高居不下,許多企業(yè)為了提升自身物流服務(wù)水平是以提高的成本作為代價的。物流服務(wù)與物流成本是存在于企業(yè)物流系統(tǒng)的一對主要矛盾,其與企業(yè)經(jīng)營效益是緊密相關(guān)的。在廣泛查閱文獻和吸收前人研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,本文主要以物流管理問題為研究的主線,著重分析企業(yè)物流成本與服務(wù)水平之間的關(guān)系,如何保證在既定的物流成本條件下實現(xiàn)最優(yōu)的服務(wù)水平。1915 年阿奇1935 年,美國銷售協(xié)會闡述了實物分配(Physical Distribution,簡稱 PD)的概念,即實物分配是與銷售有關(guān)的物質(zhì)資料和服務(wù)從生產(chǎn)場地到消費場地的流動過程。第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間,圍繞戰(zhàn)爭供應(yīng),美國建立了后勤(Logistics)理論,并將其用于戰(zhàn)爭活動中,其中所提出的“后勤”是指將戰(zhàn)時物資生產(chǎn)、采購、運輸、配給等活動作為一個整體進行統(tǒng)一布置,以求戰(zhàn)略物資補給的費用更低、速度更快、服務(wù)更好。從 1915 年實物分配(Physical Distribution)被提出起,經(jīng)過 70 多年的時間,物流概念才有定論。近 20 年來,Logistics逐漸取代 PD,成為物流科學(xué)的代名詞。Logistics包含生產(chǎn)過程中的原材料采購、物料搬運、廠內(nèi)物流,流通過程中的物流、實物分配,可見 Logistics 的外延更為廣泛。該國家標準將“物流”定義
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