【正文】 have）、四看（look at, see, watch, notice）。如： My mother encourages me to learn Japanese. 我媽媽鼓勵我學日語。如： Lucy asked him to turn down the radio. 露西讓他關(guān)小收音機。t you do..., had better（not）do..., would rather do, could/would/will you please（not）do...I would rather stay in the 。如： Would you like to see a film this evening? 你今晚想去看電影嗎？ ②在find, think后跟不定式作賓語時，常用it代替，而將真正的賓語放在后面。s very clever of you to do like that. 你那樣做真是太聰明啦。s very kind of you to help me. 你幫助我真是太好啦。1. 不定式作主語 動詞不定式作主語時，常用it作形式主語，而將真正的主語放在句末其結(jié)構(gòu)為：It+be+adj.（+ for/ of sb.）+動詞不定式如：To learn English well is useful.→ It is useful to learn English well. It’s important for us to protect the environment. 注意：在kind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品質(zhì)的形容詞后，不用for而用of。m sorry to trouble you.（表原因）很抱歉，給你添麻煩了。定語Have you got anything to say? 你有要說的嗎？不定式作定語，要放在所修飾詞的后面。賓補My mother made me play the piano all the time. 我媽媽讓我一直彈鋼琴。賓語—What sports does he like to play?他喜歡做什么運動？—He likes to play 。表語My work is to clean the room everyday.=To clean the room every day is my work. 我的工作就是每天打掃這間屋子。 動詞不定式的句法功能功能例句說明主語To speak English is not easy for us=It is not easy for us to speak English. 講英語對我們來說不容易。 完成實踐值得忙（finish, practice, be worth, be busy） 繼續(xù)習慣別放棄（keep on, be used to, give up） 考慮建議不禁想（consider, suggest, can39。t help。注意：英語中有一些詞后面常跟動名詞作賓語。只表明它所修飾的詞的用途、所屬關(guān)系等。定語She is in the reading 。表示一般的習慣或抽象行為或經(jīng)常性的動作。賓語 動詞賓語 介詞賓語I like playing basketball very 。 非謂語動詞【非謂語動詞】 構(gòu)成：（to）+動詞原形 動詞不定式非 在句中的作用（除謂語動詞外的任何成分）謂 構(gòu)成： 語 動名詞動 用法（主、賓、表、定）詞 構(gòu)成：V. ing / （規(guī)則變化） 分詞 用法（表、補、定、狀）（一）動名詞一、動名詞的構(gòu)成：動名詞一般由“動詞原形+ing”構(gòu)成 二、動名詞的句法功能功能例句說明主語Eating too much is bad for your health.吃得太多對你的健康有害。謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Stamps are used for sending 。表語His hobby is collecting stamps.=Collecting stamps is his hobby.多數(shù)情況下，動名詞作表語可轉(zhuǎn)化成作主語。We should improve our teaching 。置于所修飾詞之前。我們初中階段常見的有：finish, mind, be worth, be busy, practice, have fun, have trouble/problem（in）, spend...（in）, feel like, be used to（習慣于）, give up, keep on, consider, suggest, can39。我們可按下面的順口溜記憶這些詞。t help, feel like）喜歡思念要介意（enjoy, miss, mind）（二）動詞不定式 動詞不定時的構(gòu)成不定時的基本形式為：to+動詞原形，有時可以不用to，這里的to 是不定式符號，本身無詞義，動詞不定式的否定形式是not+（to+）動詞原形。作主語用的不定式，常常用it作形式主語，而把不定式放在后面。多數(shù)情況下，不定式作表語，可轉(zhuǎn)換作為主語。只能做某些動詞的賓語，一般不作介詞的賓語。在make，let，see，hear，watch等使役、感官動詞后，不定式省略to。狀語I39。I went to the library to study English.（表目的）不定式作狀語，其邏輯主語要和句子的主語一致。如： It39。 It39。2. 不定式作賓語① 有些謂語動詞后只能用不定式作賓語，常見的這類詞是表示命令、打算或希望的，如： would like, like, want, wish, hope, decide, plan, expect等。如： I find it easy to read English every day. ③常見的一些不帶to的動詞不定式Why not do..., Why don39。3. 不定式作賓語補足語 不定式作賓語補足語時與賓語有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。 tell, ask, want, allow, get, would like, encourage后常跟動詞不定式作賓語補足語。 注意：還有一些使役動詞和感官動詞也用不定式作賓補，這時不定式要省略to。但變被動語態(tài)時，必須加上to。4. 不定式作定語 ①不定式作定語時，應放在名詞之后。 ②如果是不及物動詞，且與所修飾的詞之間有動賓關(guān)系，要在不定式后加上適當?shù)慕樵~。5. 不定式常和疑問詞what, which, when, where, how連用，相當于一個賓語從句。 He didn39。例題 ( )1. Tom39。t know ________ it next. Let39。t be allowed ________after drinking, or they will break the law. A: drive B: driving C: to drive( )5. Water Park is a good place________. A: to have fun B: have fun C: having fun D: to have a fun( )6. Take time to relax by listening to music, reading a book or just spending some time alone. Relaxing allows you _______to your studies with more energy. A: return B: to return C: returning( )7. Nick, would you mind ________those old jeans? They look terrible. A: not to wear B: not wear C: wearing not D: not wearing( )8. —_______ a volunteer is great. —I think so. Some of us want _______volunteers for the London Olympics. A: Being；being B: To be；being C: Being；to be D: To be；to be( )9.—Don39。t. A: bring B: to bring C: bringing( )10.—What about _______a rest? —OK. Let39。t know ______it in my small house. —You39。 to see B: running。 to see( )13. May I have a rest? I have already finished ______the report. A: write B: writing C: to write D: written ( )14.—I feel a bit hungry now. —Why not _______for dinner with us? A: go B: did you go C: to go D: do you go練習( )1. Granny often tells us ________water in our daily life. A: save B: saving C: to save D: saves( )2. Richard turned off the puter after he had finished ________the . A: write B: to write C: writing D: wrote( )3.—We can use to chat with each other on the Internet. —Really? Will you please show me ______it? A: how to use B: what to use C: how can I use D: what can I use( )4.—Where39。t do so B: playing；not to do so C: play；to do so ( )5. As teenagers, we39。 to cry B: to cry。 cry D: to cry。d better _______ too much time playing puter games. A: don39。 to speak B. join。 to speak D. to join。 go out B. to go out。 go out D. Going out。s a good habit _________ every day. A. to keep doing exercise B. to stay up late C. to make much noise D. to too much ( )16. —It39。 OK B. opening。 Of course D. Open。d like _________ with you, a boy or a girl? A. to let to go B. letting to go C. to