【正文】 which was divided into 6 factors. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis indicated that it had good construct validity.Congruent validity：We use cognitive ability、decisionmaking styles and decisionmaking biase to test the congruent validity of this scale. All indicators are indicated that ADMC is good at congruent validity.4. ADMC in simulated realistic scenario task: It is found that the high decisionmaking ability group is better in decisionmaking quality, less impulsive, and higher risk adjustment ability in the Cambridge Game Task. Another found is that high decisionmaking ability group has stronger learning ability in Iowa Game Task, and they applicate rules more quickly.Key words：DecisionMaking Competence；DecisionMaking Style；Decisionmaking Under Risk； Heuristics and Biases前 言漫長的幾十年我們高估了心智的算法部分，神圣化了智商，卻忽視了反省心智的重要性，這是與社會發(fā)展不無關(guān)系的，1905年起科學家開始將智力作為評估算法層面加工效率的衡量標準，時至今日學界已形成多種測量智力的權(quán)威工具，人類的智力測試得分在過去幾十年呈顯著上升趨勢，但是這一增長卻并沒有帶來更繁榮的文化，重大發(fā)明的數(shù)量反而有所減少，偉大科學家也沒有加速出現(xiàn)。關(guān)鍵詞：理商，決策能力，決策風格，決策偏差，風險決策RQ:The Revision ofAdult Decisionmaking Competence ScaleAbstractWith the continuous refining of personnel selection and standardization of post division, traditional psychological selection tool cannot meet the selection of specialized personnel, thus developing targeted and characteristic psychological measurement tool has important significance on China’s personnel selection. Traditional personnel ability selection mainly pays attention to the assessment of individual wisdom, believing that people with high IQ (intelligent quotient) are smart. With the rise of research on rational thinking, it is found that the silly things done by smart people is probably due to something wrong of cognition science on cleverness. People’s ability not only depends on intelligence, but also includes special elements influencing people’s mind independent from intelligence. Stanovich calls such element as Dystationalia. Entering the 21st century, with the continuous increase of information presentation mode and continuous expansion of scope, mass redundant information is likely to let people plunge into information torrent difficult to distinguish true and false and unable to make decisions. Therefore, the research on rational thinking abilities (individual decisionmaking and judgment) has important significance. The measurement evaluation on decisionmaking ability is not only the important basis of personnel selection and the important predictive variable of individual’s real decisionmaking quality, but also can provide new methods and thoughts for the effective measurement evaluation of rational quotient (representing rational thinking ability level). The research on decisionmaking emerged endlessly since its rise, but the research of Chinese scholars mainly concentrated on the discussion of theoretical foundation. There were rare application researches and even lacked relevant measurement and evaluation tools. Basing on summarizing international research on decisionmaking ability, this paper amended decisionmaking ability evaluation method suitable for Chinese cultural background, thereby providing a new evaluation mode for individuals with superb decisionmaking ability and excellent decisionmaking style to engage in special work post. The main research contents and results are as follows：1. After translation and collective discussion, the final ADMC includes 134 items which was divided into six dimensions,include: Resistance to Framing,Consistency in Risk Perception,Recognizing Social Norms,Under/overconfidence,Applying Decision Rules,Resistance to Sunk Costs.2. Reliability Analysis: The Cronbach39。采用專家評定法區(qū)分高中低不同決策能力者，數(shù)據(jù)分析表明高決策能力者在決策能力量表中的得分顯著優(yōu)于低決策能力者，說明ADMC能有效區(qū)分決策能力不同的個體。結(jié)構(gòu)效度：進行探索性驗證分析，探索量表單維模型和雙維模型；采用驗證性因素分析檢驗Fischhoff提出的決策能力6因素結(jié)構(gòu)，經(jīng)驗證該6因素結(jié)構(gòu)的模型擬合較好，ADMC量表的結(jié)構(gòu)效度在我國文化背景下亦符合Fischhoff的理論建構(gòu)。本文采用三種方式對ADMC進行效度分析，其中包括：內(nèi)容效度、結(jié)構(gòu)效度和效標關(guān)聯(lián)效度，經(jīng)檢驗ADMC修訂版的效度良好。ADMC各分量表的Cronbach’s ~，；~（p）。采用相關(guān)法、鑒別指數(shù)等方法對量表題目進行項目分析。參考國內(nèi)外決策能力研究的最新進展，考慮我國的現(xiàn)實需求，本研究引進了Fishhoff、Bruine和Parker根據(jù)其“決策核心技能集”理論構(gòu)想結(jié)合行為決策領(lǐng)域的研究成果所開發(fā)的成人決策能力量表（Adult Decisionmaking Competence Scale，ADMC），將其進行中國化，用以測量和評估決策者的決策能力水平。而針對決策能力的測量評估不僅是人員選拔的重要依據(jù)、個體現(xiàn)實決策質(zhì)量的重要預(yù)測變量，更為“理商”（代表理性思維能力水平）的有效測量評估提供了新的方法和思路。傳統(tǒng)人員能力選拔主要關(guān)注對個體智力的評估，認為智商高者即為“聰明”，隨著“理性思維”研究的興起，人們發(fā)現(xiàn)“聰明人”常常做“傻事”可能是由于認知科學對“聰明”的界定出現(xiàn)了問題，人們能力的高低不僅取決于智力，還有獨立于智力影響人們心智的特殊成分，Stanovich將這一成分稱作“理性思維”，人們盡管具有足夠的智力，卻仍然“做傻事”的現(xiàn)象稱為“理性障礙”（Dystationalia）。分類號UDC密級碩士學位論文“理商”的測量：決策能力量表初步修訂馮田培 養(yǎng) 類 別全日制學號2472013038學位類型學術(shù)學位一級學科(專業(yè)類)心理學二級學科(專業(yè)) 應(yīng)用心理學研究方向測量與評估指導教師肖瑋 副教授培養(yǎng)單位醫(yī)學心理系二O一六年六月60 / 61目 錄目 錄 1縮略語表 4中文摘要 5ABSTRACT 7前 言 9文獻回顧 111 理性思維能力 122 決策能力 13 決策能力概念 13 決策的測量 15 風險與決策研究 19正 文 21第一部 量表的修訂形成 211 研究目的 213 翻譯及修訂 21 量表的本土化修訂 21 正式形成決策能力量表內(nèi)容及計分 234 預(yù)實驗 265 第一輪施測 26 目的 26 方法 26 數(shù)據(jù)處理 27 描述性數(shù)據(jù)分析 27 項目分析 286 討論 30 ADMC修訂 30 ADMC中文版與原版描述性數(shù)據(jù)分析異同 30 ADMC項目分析 31第二部分 ADMC量表的信度、效度 311 目的 312 方法 31 工具 31 被試 34 施測過程 34 數(shù)據(jù)的收集、篩查和錄入 343 信度 344 效度 35 內(nèi)容效度 35 結(jié)構(gòu)效度 36 校標效度 383 討論 41 決策能力量表信度良好 42 決策能力量表內(nèi)容效度、結(jié)構(gòu)效度良好 42 決策能力量表效標效度良好 43第三部分 模擬現(xiàn)實情境任務(wù)中ADMC效度的驗證 441 研究目的 442 方法 45 工具 45 統(tǒng)計方法 48 研究對象 483 結(jié)果分析 48 決策能力不同個體分組 48 高低不同決策能力個體概率已知的劍橋博弈任務(wù)中的表現(xiàn) 48 高低不同決策能力個體模糊決策愛荷華博弈任務(wù)中的表現(xiàn) 494 討論 50 高決策能力個體決策質(zhì)量好 50 高決策能力個體風險調(diào)節(jié)能力強 51 高決策能力者在模糊決策中學習能力優(yōu) 51 高決策能力者在模糊決策中發(fā)現(xiàn)掌握應(yīng)用規(guī)則能力更強 52小 結(jié) 52附 錄 60研究成果 72致 謝 73縮略語表縮略詞英文全稱中文全稱ADMCAdult Decision Making Competence成人決策能力問卷 CRTCognitive Reflection認知反思測驗CGTCambridge Gambling Task劍橋賭博任務(wù)RFResistance to Framing抵御框架效應(yīng)SNRecognizing Social Norms社會規(guī)則認知UOCUnder/overconfidence信心不足/過分自信RPConsistency in Risk Perception風險感知一致性DRApplying Decision Rules決策規(guī)則的使用SCResistance to Sunk Costs抵御沉沒成本SPMRaven39。s Standard Progressive Matric