【正文】 ree Celsius per decade, and scientists have noticed that there39。 mechanical figures, such as cattle, moved across the scene,and ships sailed along the what really got people was the attention to detail, much like his work in DruryLane. So, for example,he painted very realistic ships, and varied their size depending on theirdistance from the audience. Small boats moved more quickly across the foreground than larger ones did that were closer to the horizon. Othereffects, like waves, werealso veryconvincing. Theyreflected sunlight or moonlight depending on the time ofday or night. Even the colorschanged as theywould in nature. Sound and light were important in ** his productions realistic. Heused a greatnumber oflights, and he was able to change colors of light by using variously colored piecesof glass, to createeffectslike passing clouds that suddenly change in color. Furthermore,he used effects tomake patterns of shadow and light, rather than 全國(guó)免費(fèi)咨詢電話： 4000123267 using the uniform lighting that was mon at thetime. And many of the sound effectshe pioneered are still in use today,like creating thunder by pulling on one of the cornersofa thin copper of his most popular sceneswas of a storm. And there is a storythat on one occasion, an actual storm passed over head during the some people wentoutside, and theyclaimed Loutherbourg39。s subsequent emphasis on lighting and motion. Now,the Eidophusikon stage was actually a box: a fewmeters wide, a couple meters talland a couple meters is, theaction tookplace within thisbox. This was much smaller of course than the usual ,it also allowed Loutherbourg to concentrate the lighting to , the audience was in thedark, which wouldn39。t we say that the Eidophusikon actually influenced the painters? At theveryleast we have to consider thatit wasmore ...it was more ofa mutual thing. We know,for example, that theimportant English landscape painter Thomas Gainsborough attended almost all of theyearly performances, and his laterpaintings are notable for their increased color and dynamic use of light. Loutherbourg39。s attempt to release painting from the constraints ofthe picture all, even the most action field exciting painting can represent only one moment in time。s exactlywhat he intended to do: create realistic moving scenes that change before the audiences39。realways verysupportive of theuniversity and our students, and if you want it... S: Yeah, Ilike that idea. TPO9_Listening_1_2 Listen to part ofa lecturein a theater class Pro: As we have seen, the second half of the 18th centurywas an exciting time in Europe: it was not only an age of greatinvention, but social changes also led to a rise in allsorts of entertainment,from reading to museums, to finding himself in themiddle of thisexcitement wasan acplished French painter named Philippe Jacques de Loutherbourg. Loutherbourg arrived in England in 1771, and immediatelywent to workas a site designer at thefamous DruryLane Theater in London. From his first shows, Loutherbourg showed a knack for imagination and stage design, all in the interest ofcreating illusions that allowed theaudience to suspend disbelief this by giving the stage a greaterfeeling ofdepth,which he did by cutting up some of therigid background scenery,and placing it at various angles and distances from the audience. Another realistic touch was using threedimensional objectson the set,like rocks and bushes as opposed to twodimensional painted also paid much more attention to lighting and sound than had been done before. Now,these setswere so elaborate that many people attended thetheater more for them than for theactors or thestories. At the time,people were wild 全國(guó)免費(fèi)咨詢電話： 4000123267 for traveland for experiencing new places。t have a... P: You know,thereis a dairy not far from here in Chelsea. Itwas one of the first diaries to bottle milk in opaque plastic, but now they39。t used morewidely? Maybe opaque bottlesaren39。m sure thereis more study on the shouldn39。s up about that? P: Wellconsumers like being able to visually examine the color of the milk. That might be one reason that opaque bottleshaven39。m overwhelmed. P: Well, in your reading, did anything interest you in particular? Imean something you’d like to investigate. S: well, I wassurprised about the different typesof packaging used for milk. You know, clear plastic bottles,opaque bottles, carton board containers... P: True! In fact,the type ofpackaging has something to do with the way milk39。resupposed to research foodborn bacteria,but food packaging must play a role in all ofthat, right? P: Absolutely! Maybe you should do some preliminary research on that. 全國(guó)免費(fèi)咨詢電話： 4000123267 S: I have! That39。m sort ofinterested in food packaging. P: Well, for that,you39。s catch to a floating processor boat where thefish got cleaned, p