【正文】 n along its path. These conveyor structures contain belts for moving bulk sulfur from railcars to storage piles and from the piles to ships .A belt conveyor consists of two or more pulleys, with a continuous loop of material the conveyor belt that rotates about them. One or both of the pulleys are powered, moving the belt and the material on the belt forward. The powered pulley is called the drive pulley while the un powered pulley is called the idler. There are two main industrial classes of belt conveyors。 Those in general material handling such as those moving boxes along inside a factory and bulk material handling such as those used to transport industrial and agricultural materials, such as grain, coal, ores, etc. generally in outdoor locations. Generally panies providing general material handling type belt conveyors do not provide the conveyors for bulk material handling. In addition there are a number of mercial applications of belt conveyors such as those in grocery stores.The belt consists of one or more layers of material they can be made out of rubber. Many belts in general material handling have two layers. An under layer of material to provide linear strength and shape called a carcass and an over layer called the cover. The carcass is often a cotton or plastic web or mesh. The cover is often various rubber or plastic pounds specified by use of the belt. Covers can be made from more exotic materials for unusual applications such as silicone for heat or gum rubber when traction is essential.Material flowing over the belt may be weighed in transit using a belt weight. Belts with regularly spaced partitions, known as elevator belts, are used for transporting loose materials up steep inclines. Belt Conveyors are used in selfunloading bulk freighters and in live bottom trucks. Conveyor technology is also used in conveyor transport such as moving sidewalks or escalators, as well as on many manufacturing assembly lines. Stores often have conveyor belts at the checkout counter to move shopping items. Ski areas also use conveyor belts to transport skiers up the hill. A wide variety of related conveying machines are available, different as regards principle of operation, means and direction of conveyance, including screw conveyors, vibrating conveyors, pneumatic conveyors, the moving floor system, which uses reciprocating slats to move cargo, and roller conveyor system, which uses a series of powered rollers to convey boxes or pallets.The longest belt [conveyor system] in the world is in Western Sahara. It is 100 km long, from the phosphate mines of Bu Cr to the coast south of ElAaiun. The longest single belt conveyor runs from Meghalaya in India to Sylhet in Bangladesh. It is 17 miles long and conveys limestone and shale. The Conveyor belt was manufactured in about 300 meter lengths and was joined together and installed on the conveyor at site. The job was carried out by NILOS India Pvt. Ltd. in Chennai Indian .The Idlers or Rollers for this very special Conveyor was produced and supplied by Kali BMH Systems (P) Ltd, Kumbakonam, India. The Idler Rollers were unique for the project that they were designed to acmodate both Horizontal and Vertical Curves along the terrain.Conveyors are used as ponents in automated distribution and warehousing. In bination with puter controlled pallet handling equipment this allows for more efficient retail, wholesale, and manufacturing distribution. It is considered a labor saving system that allows large volumes to move rapidly through a process, allowing panies to ship or receive higher volumes with smaller storage space and with less labor expense.10 Ways to Optimize Conveyor Operations and Productivity(1) Keep your ax sharp maintain your conveyorThere is an old story about a treecutting contest that you should know if you are running a conveyor operation. The contest was to cut the most wood in a one day. One lumberjack relentlessly swung his axe, working as fast as he could. The other stopped to sharpen his ax every hour and despite the downtime, he won. To avoid breakdowns and optimize performance, conveyor needs to be sharp ,as well. Since conveyor downtime is painfully expensive, you should perform scheduled maintenance, check lubrication, and replace wornout parts on time.(2) Know these fixes to mon problemsService is expensive, and you can often avoid it by knowing the fixes to mon issues:The conveyor suddenly shuts down for no apparent reason. Reset the emergency stop buttons, which are located around the conveyor and are used to shut it down in case of an emergency. These buttons are often tripped by personnel or by packages stored too close to the conveyor.Packages are accumulating in one area of the conveyor. There can be many causes for this, but in most cases the photo eye is dirty, obstructed or offset. Save yourself some money and time: check it before you call service.The drive runs, but the belt does not move. Check your conveyor for an overload. You can eliminate this issue through training and intelligent load redistribution. If redistribution does not fix the problem call service. Load will not accumulate on one or more zones. Check the air lines for kinks. The air bags work properly if there is insufficient air. Also, check the air pressor for water since this can cause major problems with the pneumatic system.(3) Get to know your loadThe most mon conveyor specification error is lack of detailed information on load data and application objectives. Often, load information is neglected and hardware is selected on an arbitrary basis recipe for poor performance and inflexibility. Examine the load in detail. Make a list of all of the units that will be handled on the conveyor. (NOTE: You can find a full guide to load factors here)Consider: (1) Shape or form. The load must be defined for what it is pallet, box, drum, wire container, engine block, automatic body, or other item. (2) Dimensions. If th