【正文】
應(yīng)用。自動(dòng)焊接機(jī)憑借其高效性、實(shí)用性、經(jīng)濟(jì)型等優(yōu)點(diǎn)在現(xiàn)代的機(jī)械發(fā)展應(yīng)用得到廣泛的應(yīng)用 。 3D modeling and simulation with pro/e。 ribbed tube。 Abstract In recent years, with the development of electricity, wind machine, la rge outdoor billboards new challenges e out in steel pipe tower production technology and equipment, while the welding of flange and the column pipe especially ribbed pipe and flange has bee a difficulty. The welding of steel pipe tower flange is usually done in two steps. Usually the first is secured around the two flange chuck, then the pipe or tube is placed in the edge of the roller frame, by adjusting the roller frame round tube or ribbed tube is inserted into the two flange holes, through spot welding so that the flange and pipe is fixed, then the welding whole body sent to the welding station. with the flange welding machine, the flange and the column tube plete the inner and outer welding. This method is more suitable for round tube and flange welding, but for ribbed pipe and flange welding is difficult, because the edge tube is not on the roller frame to rotate smoothly, even if the tube can rotate stably, the welding torch and the tube distance, welding speed, torch angle is always changing, what’s more, the most important is that the work in the welding process to form thermal deformation is difficult to control. So the edge tube and flange can only be continuous welding manual. In view of the above problems, designing of the flange and the column group of girth automatic welding equipment can not only realize the ribbed tube automatic welding, it is more important to make two procedures bined into one station, and be achieved for different diameter, different sections, different length of tubes. This paper tells the designing of this type of welding machine shaft structure and the designing process, how to solve a series of problems. One of the most important is the hollow chuck shaft structure as well as the designing, so that the inner seam welding can be performed at the same time, which shorten the time of welding. Key words: welding machine。 其中最主要的就是 主軸結(jié)構(gòu)以及 空心卡盤設(shè)計(jì),使內(nèi)縫焊接與外縫焊接得以同時(shí)進(jìn)行,縮短了焊接時(shí)間 。針對(duì)以上問題 ,設(shè)計(jì)了法蘭與柱管組對(duì)內(nèi)外環(huán)縫自動(dòng)焊接設(shè)備,該設(shè)備不但能實(shí)現(xiàn)棱管的自動(dòng)化焊接,更重要的是它將以前的組對(duì)焊 接中兩個(gè)工序組合到一個(gè)工位上, 可以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)不同直徑,不同截面,不同長度工件的焊接。這種方法比較適合對(duì)圓管與法蘭進(jìn)行焊接,但對(duì)棱管與法蘭的焊接就很困難,因?yàn)槔夤軣o法在滾輪架上平穩(wěn)旋轉(zhuǎn),即使工件可以平穩(wěn)旋轉(zhuǎn),焊槍與工件距離、焊接速度、焊槍角度也是時(shí)刻發(fā)生變化的,更關(guān)鍵的是對(duì)工件在焊接過程中形成的熱變形難以控制。通常是在法蘭組對(duì)設(shè)備上先將法蘭固定在左右兩個(gè)法蘭卡盤上,然后再將圓管或者棱管放在滾輪架上,通過調(diào)節(jié)滾輪架將圓管或者棱管插入兩法蘭孔內(nèi),通過點(diǎn)焊使法蘭與管固定,然后將焊件整體拆下,送到焊接工位,用法蘭焊接機(jī),對(duì)法蘭與柱管 之間的內(nèi)外縫實(shí)施焊接。 二 〇 一 二 年 六 月 題 目: 棱管法蘭自動(dòng)焊機(jī)主軸系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu) 設(shè)計(jì) 學(xué) 生 姓 名 : 學(xué) 院 : 機(jī) 械 學(xué) 院 系 別: 機(jī) 械 系 專 業(yè): 機(jī) 械 設(shè) 計(jì) 制 造 及 其 自 動(dòng) 化 班 級(jí): 指 導(dǎo) 教 師 : 本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說明書 摘 要 近年來, 送變電、風(fēng)力機(jī)、大型戶外廣告牌 的 發(fā)展給鋼管塔生產(chǎn)工藝和設(shè)備帶來了新的挑戰(zhàn),而法蘭 與柱管 的焊接特別是棱管 與 法蘭 的 焊接也成為了一個(gè)難點(diǎn)。以往的鋼管塔法蘭焊接通常分兩步完成,第一步是組對(duì),第二步是焊接,分兩個(gè)工序完成。焊接時(shí),在法蘭內(nèi)外各設(shè)一把焊槍,焊槍不動(dòng),滾輪架上的滾輪帶動(dòng)管件轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng),焊槍對(duì)內(nèi)外兩焊縫進(jìn)行焊接。所以對(duì)棱管與法蘭無法進(jìn)行連續(xù)、自動(dòng)焊接,只能手工焊。本文主要詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)了該類型焊接機(jī)主軸結(jié)構(gòu)及床身的設(shè)計(jì)過程,內(nèi)容較詳盡,解決了一系列難題。 關(guān)鍵詞 : 焊接機(jī);法蘭; 棱 管 ; 主軸結(jié)構(gòu); pro/e 三維建模仿真; CAXA 制圖 。 flange。 shaftstructure 。 CAXA drawing. 目 錄 引 言 ........................................................... 1 第一章 緒論 ..................................................... 2 我國焊接自動(dòng)化的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r ................................ 2 我國自動(dòng)焊接設(shè)備的發(fā)展趨勢 .............................. 2 成套焊接設(shè)備的微機(jī)自動(dòng)化控制技術(shù)發(fā)展 .............. 2 焊接設(shè)備的智能控制技術(shù)發(fā)展 ......................... 3 焊接計(jì)算機(jī)集成制造系統(tǒng) CIMS 技術(shù)發(fā)展 ............... 3 自動(dòng)焊機(jī)的類型 ........................................... 4 剛性自動(dòng)化焊接設(shè)備 ................................ 4 自適應(yīng)控制自動(dòng)化焊接設(shè)備 ........................... 4 智能化自動(dòng)焊接設(shè)備 ................................. 4 自動(dòng)焊機(jī)主軸系統(tǒng) ......................................... 5 主軸系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)已知技術(shù)數(shù)據(jù) ................................. 5 基本設(shè)計(jì)流程 ............................................ 5 第二章 棱管法蘭自動(dòng)焊機(jī)主軸系統(tǒng)的相關(guān)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 ................... 6 傳動(dòng)裝置的整體設(shè)計(jì) ....................................... 6 傳動(dòng)方案的確定 ..................................... 6 電動(dòng)機(jī)的選擇 ............................................. 7 確定工件轉(zhuǎn)速 ....................................... 7 選擇電動(dòng)機(jī)的類型 ................................... 7 確定電動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速 ..................................... 9 確定傳動(dòng)裝置總傳動(dòng)比和分配傳動(dòng)比 ................... 9 選擇電動(dòng)機(jī)容量 ..................................... 9 電動(dòng)機(jī)的校核 ...................................... 11 變頻器的選擇 ............................................ 11 減速機(jī)的選擇 ............................................ 11 二級(jí)擺線針輪減速機(jī)工作原理 ........................ 11 二級(jí)擺線針輪減速機(jī)特點(diǎn) ............................ 12 聯(lián)軸器的選擇 ............................................ 12 傳動(dòng)裝置運(yùn)動(dòng)及動(dòng)力參數(shù)計(jì)算 .............................. 13 計(jì)算各軸(零件)轉(zhuǎn)速 .............................. 13 計(jì)算各軸(零件)輸入功率 .......................... 13 計(jì)算各軸(零件)輸入轉(zhuǎn)矩 .......................... 13 齒輪的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 .......................................... 14 高速齒輪設(shè)計(jì) ...................................... 14 回轉(zhuǎn)支承的設(shè)計(jì)選擇 ................................ 19 主軸的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 .......................................... 20 選擇軸的材料 ...................................... 20 初步計(jì)算軸的最小直徑 .............................. 20 軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ...................................... 21 求軸上載荷 ........................................ 22 按彎矩合成應(yīng)力校核軸的強(qiáng)度 ........................ 24 軸承壽命的計(jì)算 .................................... 24 鍵的校核 .......................................... 25 氣動(dòng)卡盤的選擇 ......................................... 26 潤滑方式與密封裝置的選擇 ............................... 26 齒輪潤滑 ......................................... 26 滾動(dòng)軸承的潤滑與密封 ............................. 27 其它部件潤滑 ..................................... 28 第三章 棱管法蘭自動(dòng)焊機(jī)移動(dòng)卡緊裝置設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 .................... 29 傳動(dòng)裝置的方案設(shè)計(jì) ...................................... 29 電動(dòng)機(jī)、減速機(jī)的選擇 .................................... 29 選擇電動(dòng)機(jī)類型 .................................... 29 選擇電動(dòng)機(jī)容量 .................................... 29 齒輪齒條參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì) ..................