【正文】 時(shí)間 CM發(fā) 包模式 CN 5 BOT模式（帶資承包模式） 業(yè)主一般為政府 BOT發(fā)起人 出資人 （銀行財(cái)團(tuán)） 項(xiàng)目施工 總承包商 項(xiàng)目 經(jīng)營者 設(shè)計(jì) 單位 施工 總承包 施工 分包商 1 施工 分包商 2 供應(yīng)商 該項(xiàng)目采用 BOT方式運(yùn)作。國際建筑市場與工程管理 東南大學(xué)建設(shè)與房地產(chǎn)系 李啟明 國際建筑市場與項(xiàng)目管理 ? 國際工程管理研究動(dòng)態(tài) ? 國際建筑市場及結(jié)構(gòu)分析 ? 國際建筑市場準(zhǔn)入和一流承包商發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略 ? 國際工程擔(dān)保和保險(xiǎn) ? 國際工程招標(biāo)投標(biāo) ? 國際工程采購模式與合同類型 ? 國際工程合同原理及注意要點(diǎn) ? 國際工程投標(biāo)報(bào)價(jià)與決策 ? 海外工程實(shí)踐與案例分析 講授：李啟明博士、教授 鄧小鵬 博士、副教授 工程采購模式與合同類型 工程采購模式及其特點(diǎn) 1 平行承包模式（傳統(tǒng)模式） 業(yè) 主 咨詢工程師 設(shè)計(jì)院 承包商 分包商 1 分包商 2 注：直線表示合同關(guān)系，虛線表示工作關(guān)系（下同） Design Procurement Construction Acceptance D→P→C→A 模式 Quantity Surveyor Engineers ( Structure / Services ) contractors Nominated Subcontractors Nominated Supplies Domestic Subcontractors Domestic Supplies Client Architect Client Sector Consulting Sector Production Sector Line of Separation Management Relationship Contractual Relationship Typical Separation of Design amp。 Production Functions 2 D+B模式（設(shè)計(jì)＋施工總承包模式） 業(yè) 主 業(yè)主代表 設(shè)計(jì)＋施工總承包商 設(shè)計(jì)院 承包商 1 承包商 2 承包商 3 (1) D+B is not new, as many builders designed what they built for centuries, including large cathedrals, castles and palatial building. (2) The industrial revolution required large buildings, then late in the nieenth century the building professions were established with architects mitted exclusively to designing. (3) Modern construction has requirements, including expert advice for owners, consultants for designers (A/E), cost estimates and other information for biding, management, risk avoidance and subcontractor, who do most construction work. Summary of Key Points for D+B Model (4) Modern construction has problems such as between the following: those acting in good faith and those not, owners with budgets and designers with not enough knowledge of costs, plex designs and site conditions, those who administer or manage and those who are administered or managed, those who authorize or make payments and those who wait to be paid, a site and a project on one hand, and the laws, regulations, and physical site conditions on the other, public works and statutes that govern them. (5) They are many differences between building construction and engineering construction, and between most buildings and those that are real architecture. Summary of Key Points for D+B Model (6) Depending on jurisdiction, statutory regulations governing practices of architecture and engineering often inhibit designbuild entities from providing design services. (7) D+B contracting may reduce an owner’s building costs through phased construction, direct munication, innovative designing, and building method, but all these can be applied in traditional construction. (8) Allocating responsibility in construction as between designer and builder can be a problem, designbuild may eliminate it, depending in part on the corporate structure of a designbuild entity. Summary of Key Points for D+B Model (9) An owner usually needs an independent advisor no mater which contracting method he employs, in designbuild he needs a consultant to prepare the design criteria and to advise on selection of a designbuild contractor. (10) Key questions for an owner thinking of designbuild include: ? What experience do we have and need of D+B? ? Do we need an independent advisor/agent? ? What information need we provide in requesting D+B proposal? Summary of Key Points for D+B Model ? What kind of D+B contract do we need? ? How do we evaluate D+B proposal? ? Do we need to monitor a D+B project? ? Who will monitor the D+B project for us? ? Should we require a twophase proposal process? ? Should unsuccessful proposals be paid some amount? (11) Advantage and disadvantage of D+B may include: ? Direct munication by owner to contractor( but can the owner speak the language?) Summary of Key Points for D+B Model ? Less potential for disputes( but does that include the designer and builder in the same D+B entity?) ? Easier to place responsibility for defects( only for the D+B entity is a single corporate person) ? Fast track construction with D+B( but is the D+B entity able to do it with the building needed?) ? Lower construction costs and more economic design( but how can an owner be sure?) ? Potential for innovative design( but that may benefit only the D+B entity) Summary of Key Points for D+B Model (12) Disadvantages with D+B for an owner may include: ? Lake of design initiative( but the owner may not need it) ? Lake of independent advice( but the owner can buy it) ? Limited ability to deal directly with design builder( not with an independent advisor) ? Potential conflicts with statutory governing design services( can get legal advice first) ? New D+B panies may not have requisite experience( owner can pre qualify proposals) Summary of Key Points for D+B Model ? Insurances and bonds may not be available for a D+B project( Owner can enquire first) ? Standard contracts for D+B projects are relatively new and from different sources( owner can get legal advice from D+B experts) ? An owner may have to make a large initial payment to a D+B contractor( Owner can only stipulate or negotiate, there may be risk for both sides) ? Evaluating D+B proposal is problematic( Owner needs expert and independent advice—for a fee) Summary of Key Points for D+B Model (13) Advantages and disadvantages for design build entities are apparent in this chapter, the expense of making design build proposal, difficulties with statutes and design services, and with insurance and bonds are among the main disadvantage. (14) Design build presents to owners and builders the possibilities of great value and great risk than more traditional contracting. Summary of Key Points for D+B Model 3