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食品敏感性-展示頁(yè)

2025-05-31 00:10本頁(yè)面
  

【正文】 內(nèi)不存在乳糖酶 , 當(dāng)進(jìn)行人乳哺育時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)綜合征 The congenital form is very rare 這種癥狀極少見(jiàn) 2) primary lactase deficiency初級(jí)的乳糖酶缺乏綜合征 seen in most of the world39。 ?Symptom 癥狀: ? abdominal pain周期性腹部疼痛 ? loose stools便溏 ? anorexia厭食 ? short stature體態(tài)短小 ? delayed puberty青春期滯緩 ? nutritional deficiencies吸收不良 ? Dental enamel hypoplasia 牙科瓷發(fā)育不全 ? recurrent aphthae周期性口瘡 ?Control 控制措施: Patients with celiac disease must avoid gliadins and related proteins permanently 遠(yuǎn)離麥醇溶蛋白以及相關(guān)蛋白質(zhì) Dermatitis Herpetiformis (三)皰疹樣皮炎 ? Definition 定義: chronic blistering disease 一種慢性起皰疾病 ? Symptom 癥狀: ? itchy 發(fā)癢 ? sometimes burning 有時(shí)有灼傷感 ? eruption of grouped vesicles on an erythematous ground 在紅斑狀范圍內(nèi)出現(xiàn)成群泡樣出疹 ? Some DH patients, even without gastrointestinal symptoms, may have villous atrophy similar to that seen in celiac disease 有些 DH病人甚至在沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)胃腸道綜合癥的情況下 , 也會(huì)出現(xiàn)與乳糜瀉類(lèi)似的絨毛狀萎縮癥 , 也就是說(shuō) DH與 CD之間有關(guān)連 。s syndrome characterizes a milkinduced syndrome with pulmonary disease in infants. Heiner綜合癥:嬰兒因牛奶誘導(dǎo)的肺病 ? Symptom 癥狀: chronic or recurrent pulmonary intiltrates 慢性或周期性發(fā)生的肺滲透 allergic alveolitis 過(guò)敏性齒槽炎 a chronic rhinitis 慢性鼻炎 gastrointestinal blood loss 腸胃失血癥 iron deficiency anemia 缺鐵性貧血 chronic cough 慢性咳嗽 recurrent fever 周期性發(fā)燒 Anorexia 厭食 Vomiting 嘔吐 Colic 絞痛 Diarrhea 腹瀉 Hemoptysis 咳血 ?Control 控制措施: ? institution of a milkfree diet 飲食中去除牛奶 GlutenSensitive Enteropathy (Celiac Disease) (二)谷蛋白敏感性腸?。ㄈ槊訛a) ? Definition: damage to the small intestinal mucosa and symptoms of malabsorption 定義: 小腸黏膜損傷和吸收不良癥狀小腸黏膜損傷和吸收不良癥狀 ?Allergen 過(guò)敏原: Gliadin 麥醇溶蛋白 present in wheat, rye, barley, and oat 廣泛存在于小麥、燕麥、大麥和黑麥中 The peak incidence of symptoms is in infancy after the introduction of cereals。 NonlgEMediated Immune Reactions 二、不以 IgE為媒介的免疫反應(yīng) Heiner39。Food Sensitivities, Allergic Reactions, and Food Intolerances 食品敏感性、過(guò)敏性反應(yīng)和食品不耐性 CONTENTS 主要內(nèi)容 ? DEFINITION AND MECHANISMS OF ADVERSE FOOD REACTION 第一節(jié) 食品不良反應(yīng)的定義和機(jī)理 ? SYMPTOMS OF ADVERSE FOOD REACTIONS 第二節(jié) 食品不良反應(yīng)的癥狀 ? DIAGNOSIS OF ADVERSE FOOD REACTIONS 第三節(jié) 食品不良反應(yīng)的診斷法 ?PREVALENCE 第四節(jié) 發(fā)病率 ?FOOD ALLERGENS 第五節(jié) 食品過(guò)敏原 ?FOOD ADDITIVES 第六節(jié) 食品添加劑 ?FOOD LABELING IN RELATION TO FOOD SENSITIVITIES 第七節(jié) 與食品過(guò)敏性有關(guān)的食品標(biāo)簽 DEFINITION AND MECHANISMS OF ADVERSE FOOD REACTION 第一節(jié) 食品不良反應(yīng)的定義和機(jī)理 Classification of foods proposed by EAACI 圖 1 EAACI對(duì)食品的分級(jí) toxic food reactions 食品毒性反應(yīng) ? A classical toxic food reaction is sbroid fish poisoning, due to large amounts of histamine 鯖亞目魚(yú)組胺中毒是典型的食品毒性反應(yīng)。 Food intolerance 食品不耐性 ? enzymatic (resulting from an enzymatic defect, ., lactase deficiency), “ 酶促性的”(因酶缺陷造成,如乳糖酶缺乏癥) ? pharmacological (depending on the direct effect of, ., vasoactive amines naturally found in foods) “藥理學(xué)的”(取決于直接效應(yīng),如食品中天然存在的血管活性胺) ? “ Undefined不明確的” SYMPTOMS OF ADVERSE FOOD REACTIONS 第二節(jié) 食品不良反應(yīng)的癥狀 IgEMediated Food Allergy 一、以 IgE為媒介的食品敏感癥 Characteristic 特征 Clinical manifestations of IgEmediated food allergy can remain localized at the site of the primary direct contact, ., 一直保持在最初的直接接觸部位 the mouth 嘴 throat (oral allergy syndrome)咽喉(口腔敏感綜合癥) the gastroiniesrinal tract (isolated gastrointestinal food allergy)胃腸道(單獨(dú)的胃腸道食品敏感癥) Skin Respiratory tract GI tract Cardievascular S. 皮膚 呼吸道 胃腸道 心臟血管系統(tǒng) 45% 25% 20% 10% Figure 2 Classical symptoms of IgEmediated food ailergy 圖 2 以 IgE為媒介的食品敏感綜合癥分布 Oral Allergy Syndrome (一)口腔敏感綜合病癥 ?Allergen: fresh foods( fruits and vegetables) 過(guò)敏原: 新鮮食品 ( 如水果和蔬菜 ) ?Symptom 癥狀: Itching of the lips, mouth, palate, throat 嘴唇 、 嘴 、 上腭咽喉等處立即發(fā)癢 Hoarseness and/or swelling of the lips, tongue, uvula, and larynx 嗓音嘶啞 , 嘴唇 、 舌頭 、 小舌 、 喉等腫脹 Allergic Reactions After Ingestion of Food (二)攝入食品后的過(guò)敏反應(yīng) ? Symptom 癥狀: 1) The main symptoms of gastrointestinal food allergy are vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal pains (colics or cramps). 胃腸道主要癥狀 :嘔吐、反胃、腹瀉以及腹部疼痛(絞痛或痛性痙攣); 2) Skin reactions include local or generalized pruritus, flush, urticaria, angioedema. morbilliform exanthema, and flareup of atopic dermatitis 皮膚反應(yīng):局部的或無(wú)顯著特點(diǎn)的搔癢癥、面部潮紅、風(fēng)疹、血管性水腫、麻疹樣疹病、突發(fā)特異性皮炎; 3) The symptoms of the upper and the lower respiratory tract are rhinitis (sneezing, pruritus of the nose, nasal stuffiness, and nasal obstruction), larynx edema, cough, wheezing, and bronchial asthma. 上呼吸道或稍低些的呼吸道癥狀: 鼻炎(打噴嚏、鼻搔癢癥、鼻子不通氣、鼻塞)、喉腫、咳嗽、喘息以及支氣管哮喘; 4) Itching, redness, and watering eyes (conjunctivitis) 發(fā)癢、充血以及眼睛流淚(結(jié)膜炎) . Allergic Reactions After Inhalation of Food (三)吸入食品后的過(guò)敏反應(yīng) ?Symptom 癥狀: respiratory symptoms 呼吸道綜合癥 ?Allergen: flour, namylase, green coffee, castor and soy beans, spices. egg white, and crustaceans 過(guò)敏原: 面粉 、 α 淀粉酶 、 綠咖啡 、 海貍香和大豆 、 調(diào)味品 、 雞蛋白以及甲殼動(dòng)物 Allergic Reactions Following Skin Contact With Food (四)皮膚接觸食品后的過(guò)敏反應(yīng) ?Allergen: fish, shrimp, flour, and pork 過(guò)敏原: 魚(yú) 、 小蝦 、
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