【正文】
了加快國內(nèi)變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展,就需要對國際變頻調(diào)速技術(shù)的發(fā)展趨勢和國內(nèi)的市場需求有一個全面的了 解,深入研究變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展。 本次設(shè)計 介紹了一種 基于 PLC 的變頻器調(diào)速系統(tǒng)。 該系統(tǒng)必須具備以下三個主體部分:控制運算部分、執(zhí)行和反饋部分。 通過設(shè)定交流調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的轉(zhuǎn)速傳輸?shù)?PLC, PLC 根據(jù)設(shè)定的轉(zhuǎn)速通 過模擬量輸出模塊,輸出模擬信號控制變頻器的輸出頻率, 控制交流電機調(diào)速控制。交流調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的轉(zhuǎn)速由測速發(fā)電機轉(zhuǎn)換 為相應(yīng)的轉(zhuǎn)速模擬信號 ,輸入模擬量的輸入模塊,模擬量輸入模塊產(chǎn)生的數(shù)字信號送入 PLC。當(dāng)交流調(diào)速系統(tǒng)設(shè)定為開環(huán)運行時,檢測到的轉(zhuǎn)速信號 PLC 不進行處理,直接進行顯示;當(dāng)交流調(diào)速系統(tǒng)設(shè)定為閉環(huán)運行時,光電編碼器將檢測到的轉(zhuǎn)速信號一方面由 PLC 與設(shè)定轉(zhuǎn)速信號進行運算處理,處理過的信號送去控制變頻器,另一方面將數(shù)據(jù)實時顯示。s living standard is very important. The rapid development of Chinese economy environment, the energy industry faced with economic growth and environmental protection dual pressures. At present, the domestic study of variable frequency speed regulation system is very active, but the industrialization is not very ideal, market much still occupied by foreign panies. Therefore, in order to accelerate the development of domestic variable frequency speed regulation system, they need to international variablefrequency regulating speed technology development tendency and the domestic market demand have a prehensive understanding of variable frequency speed regulation system, further study of the development. Design the system stability, high precision, adjust time adjust quickly and speedadjusting system, on the current industrial design and the development of industrial production has very great help. This design is introduced which is based on PLC speedregulate system. Will now the most widely used PLC and inverter together, main functions: variable pressure frequency control, motor, the positive amp。 Actuators for converter and motor。 When munication closedloop speed system Settings for running, photoelectric encoder will detect speed signal on the one hand by PLC and setting speed signal treatment, the operations of signal sent to control frequency converter, on the other hand will data realtime display. Key words: PLC Inverter PID control 目錄 摘要 ............................................................................................................................... I Abstract ........................................................................................................................II 1 緒論 ................................................................................................................... 1 概述 .............................................................................................................. 1 變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng)發(fā)展和現(xiàn)狀 ......................................................................... 2 變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展歷程 ............................................................ 2 變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的技術(shù)現(xiàn)狀 .............................................................. 4 變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的控制方法及其比較 ....................................................... 5 系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計構(gòu)想和主要內(nèi)容 ..................................................................... 5 2 系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計 ............................................................................................ 7 系統(tǒng)的組成及工作原理 .............................................................................. 7 外部硬件接線圖 .............................................................................. 8 模擬量輸入輸出模塊 FX2n4AD 與 FX2n4DA.................................. 9 硬件的選型 .................................................................................................... 11 控制對象 ......................................................................................... 11 小型可編程控制器的選型 ........................................................ 11 ................................................................ 12 變頻器的快速設(shè)置 .................................................................................... 15 速度反饋設(shè)計 ............................................................................................ 16 3 系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計 ............................................................................................ 17 設(shè)置控制系統(tǒng)流程圖 ................................................................................ 17 FX2n 的編程軟件介紹 .............................................................................. 18 SWOPCFXGP/WINC軟件介紹 ....................................................... 18 GOT 及其設(shè)計軟件 GTdesigner2 介紹 ......................................... 18 FX2N 的 PID 功能指令 .............................................................................. 19 程序設(shè)計 .................................................................................................... 21 程序的梯形圖編程 ........................................................................ 21 指令表語句與部分語句說明 ........................................................ 25 4 實驗調(diào)試和數(shù)據(jù)分析 ................................................................................ 32 系統(tǒng)閉環(huán)傳遞函數(shù) ................................................................................... 32 PID 參數(shù)整定 ........................................................................................... 32 參數(shù)調(diào)整 ................................................................................................... 34 5 總結(jié)與體會 ....................................................................................................... 36 致謝 ........................................................................................................................ 37 參考文獻 ............................................................................................................... 38 1 緒論 概述 在 當(dāng)前全球 經(jīng)濟 發(fā)展過程中,有兩條顯著的相互交織的主線:能源和環(huán)境。 在今年的政府工作會 議上,溫家寶總理也提出了要大力發(fā)展低碳化經(jīng)濟 。而能源的開發(fā)與利用又對環(huán)境的保護有著重大影響。 能源 工業(yè) 作為國民經(jīng)濟的基礎(chǔ),對于社會、經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和人民生活水平的提高都極為重要。有資料表明,受資金、技術(shù)、能源價格的影響,中國能源利用效率比發(fā)達國家低很多。如果進行單位 GNP 能耗(噸標準煤 /千美元)的國家比較( 90 年代中期),中國分別是瑞士、意大利、日本、法國、德國、英國、美國、加拿大的 倍、 倍、 倍、 、 倍、 倍、 倍、和 倍。 由此可見,對能源的有效利用在我國已經(jīng)非常迫切。我國電機的總裝機容量已達 4 億千瓦,年耗電量達 6000 億 千瓦時,約占工業(yè)耗電量的 80%。我國在用