【正文】 結(jié)束 , 終止 , 決定 , 作出結(jié)論 vt. 推斷 , 斷定 , 締結(jié) , 議定 [派生 ] assumed / E5sju:md / adj. 假定的 , 假裝的 , 裝的 restorative / ri5stC:rEtiv / adj. 有助于復(fù)元的 n. 滋補(bǔ)劑 [例 ] a restorative tonic 有恢復(fù)作用的滋補(bǔ)品 [派生 ] restore / ris5tC: / vt. 恢復(fù) , 使回復(fù) , 歸還 , 交還 , 修復(fù) , 重建 function / 5fQNkFEn / n. 官能 , 功能 , 作用 , 職責(zé) , 典禮 , 儀式 , [數(shù) ]函數(shù) vi. (器官等 )活動(dòng) , 運(yùn)行 , 行使職責(zé) [例 ] Growth is a function of nutrition . 長(zhǎng)身體是由營(yíng)養(yǎng)決定的。老鼠患血液細(xì)菌感染，似乎他們的免疫系統(tǒng)（抵 抗疾病的自我保護(hù)機(jī)制）已崩潰。 例如，人們?cè)缫蚜私獾?，完全剝奪其睡眠對(duì)老鼠具 有 100%的致命性，然而，在檢查老鼠尸體時(shí)，這些動(dòng)物 看上去完全正常。非 REM 睡眠的作用更加神秘。s most successful entrepreneurs and industrialists. A. constancy B. construction C. convention D. reaction 4. First of all, don’t let your emotions ________ with your vision. Don t see something because you want to see it. A. interfere B. interpret C. consolidate D. ply 5. To prevent local __________ of the disease, mosquitobreeding places must be eliminated. A. transference B. transmission C. change D. console 答案： CBDAB Unit 2 一、 真題文章 Sleep is divided into periods of socalled REM sleep, characterized by rapid eye movements and dreaming, and longer periods of nonREM sleep. Neither kind of sleep is at all wellunderstood , but REM sleep is assumed to serve some restorative function of the brain. The purpose of nonREM sleep is even more mysterious .The new experiments, such as these described for the first time at a recent meeting of the Society for Sleep Research in Minneapolis, suggest fascinating explanations for the purpose of nonREM sleep . For example, it has long been known that total sleep deprivation is 100 percent fatal to rats, yet , upon examination of the dead bodies , the animals look pletely normal . A researcher has now cast light on the mystery of why the animals die. The rats develop bacterial infections of the blood , as if their immune systemsthe selfprotecting mechanism against diseasehad crashed. 二、譯文 睡眠通常被分為所謂的 REM 睡眠階段（ REM=rapid eye movement 眼睛快速運(yùn)動(dòng)）和較長(zhǎng)非 REM 睡眠階段， 前者特點(diǎn)為眼球快速轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)并做夢(mèng)。 [同義 ] incorrect , inexact [反義 ] accurate / 5Akjurit / adj. 正確的 , 精確的 [派生 ] inaccuracy / in5AkjurEsi / n. 錯(cuò)誤 indefinite / in5definit / adj. 模糊的 , 不確定的 , [語(yǔ) ]不定的 [例 ] an indefinite leave of absence 對(duì)在場(chǎng)者的離席無(wú)明確限制的 [同義 ] broad, confused, general, hazy, indistinct, obscure, unclear, vague [反義 ] definite / 5definit / adj. 明確的 , 一定的 [派生 ] indefinitely / in5definitli / adv. 不確定地 四、強(qiáng)化練習(xí) 1. And price is the number one factor influencing consumers39。 [同義 ] apprehension [反義 ] inprehension / in7kCmpri5henFEn / n. 不了解 , 不領(lǐng)悟 [派生 ] prehensive /7kCmpri5hensiv/ adj. 全面的 , 廣泛的 , 能充分理解的 , 包容的 prehend /7kCmpri5hend/ vt. 領(lǐng)會(huì) , 理解 , 包括 (包含 ), 由 ...組成 hence / hens / adv. 因此 , 從此 [例 ] They grew up in the Sudan。 [同義 ] arbitrate, encroach, intercede ,interrupt, intervene, intrude, meddle [派生 ] interference /7intE5fiErEns/ n. 沖突 , 干涉 [固定搭配 ] interfere in 干涉 , 干預(yù)； interfere with 妨礙 。s utmost 盡全力； make the utmost of ... 充分利用； to the utmost 竭力 。 [同義 ] alternative ， cream ， decision ， option， pick， preference ， selection [派生 ] choose / tFu:z / v. 選擇 , 選定 [固定搭配 ] at one39。說(shuō)話人的常用詞匯中如沒(méi)有詳細(xì)而精 確的詞的話，就不可能用聽話人能理解的方式進(jìn)行解釋或描述。因此，這傳輸信息 ——接受信息系統(tǒng)就會(huì)中斷。用詞粗心大意往往阻礙說(shuō)話人和聽話人的思想交流。說(shuō)話時(shí)，選詞是最重要的。 Unit 1 一、真題文章 (1994 年 ) 2020 考研英語(yǔ)核心詞匯速成勝經(jīng) 新東方 印建坤坤版權(quán)所有，知識(shí)寶庫(kù)考研社區(qū)精心制作 The first and smallest unit that can be discussed in relation to language is the word. In speaking, the choice of words is of the utmost importance. Proper selection will eliminate one source of likely breakdown in the munication cycle. Too often careless use of words prevents a meeting of the minds of the speaker and listener. The words used by the speaker may stir up unfavorable reactions in the listener which interfere with his prehension。 hence, the transmissionreception system breaks down. Moreover， inaccurate or indefinite words may make it difficult for the listener to understand the message which is being transmitted to him. The speaker who does not have specific words in his working vocabulary may be unable to explain or describe in a way that can be understood by his listeners. 二、譯文 與語(yǔ)言相關(guān)的，可以討論的首要的和最小的單位是詞。適當(dāng)?shù)倪x詞可以消除交際 過(guò)程中可能出現(xiàn)的障礙。說(shuō)話人使用的詞匯可能引起聽話人 的反感，從而 干擾其理解。 而且，詞義不準(zhǔn)確或不明確的詞使聽話人難于聽懂傳遞給他的信息。 三、考研核心詞匯 choice / tFCis / n. 選擇 ,抉擇 , 精選品 , 選擇機(jī)會(huì) , 選擇權(quán) adj. 精選的 , 上等的 , 挑三揀四的 , 可選的 , 寵愛的 , 愛惜的 [例 ] She had to make a choice between the two dresses. 她得在兩件衣服 中選擇一件。s own choice 隨意挑選 , 自由選擇； be choice of 好挑剔的； utmost / 5QtmEust / n. 極限 , 最大可能 , 極力 adj. 極度的 , 最遠(yuǎn)的 [例 ] the utmost ends of the earth 天涯海角 [同義 ] extreme, farthest ,greatest, most [固定搭配 ] at the utmost至多； do one39。 盡力； reaction / ri(:)5AkFEn / n. 反應(yīng) , 反作用 , 反動(dòng) (力 ) [例 ] What is his reaction to your proposal? 他對(duì)你的建議有什么反應(yīng) ? [反義 ] action / 5AkFEn / n. 動(dòng)作 , 作用 , 戰(zhàn)斗 , 行動(dòng) , 舉動(dòng) , 行為 , (戲劇或書中 )的情節(jié) , (某一地區(qū)、領(lǐng)域或團(tuán) 體中 )最能產(chǎn)生效果、最有趣、最有刺激性的活動(dòng) vt. 對(duì) ...起訴 [派生 ] react / ri5Akt / vi. 起反應(yīng) , 起作用 , 反抗 , 起反作用 reactive / ri(:)5Aktiv / adj. 反應(yīng)的 , 起反作用的 , 反動(dòng)的 , 電抗性的 interfere / 7intE5fiE / vi. 干 涉 , 干預(yù) , 妨礙 , 打擾 [例 ] I was playing with Jane, but Anne interfered and spoiled the game. 我正在和珍妮玩，可是安妮插了進(jìn)來(lái)，把游戲給打亂了。 干涉 , 干擾； prehension /7kCmpri5henFEn/ n. 理解 , 包含 [例 ] Reading depends on the prehension of the ideas expressed by the words used. 閱讀有賴于對(duì)所用詞句所表達(dá)的含義的理解。 hence their interest in Nubian art. 他們?cè)谔K丹長(zhǎng)大；由是產(chǎn)生了對(duì)努比亞藝術(shù)的興趣 [同義 ] accordingly, away, consequently, elsewhere, from now on, later therefore [反義 ] ago / E5^Eu / adv. 以前的 , 以往的 transmission / trAnz5miFEn / n. 播送 , 發(fā)射 , 傳動(dòng) , 傳送 , 傳輸 , 轉(zhuǎn)播 [例 ] transmission of news 消息的傳播 [同義 ] sending ,transport, transfer, broadcast [反義 ] reception / ri5sepFEn / n. 接待 , 招待會(huì) , 接收 [派生 ] transmissible / trAnz5misEbl / adj. 可傳送的 , 可遺傳的