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,雅致明亮的部件,舒服的新形態(tài),還有最終的,高雅的整體性。” 19 世紀(jì) 20 年代 第一次世界大戰(zhàn)之后,進步性的設(shè) 計人士利用新人工材料的出現(xiàn)以及制造家具運用在“機械時代”美學(xué)上的如冰川美艷般的生產(chǎn)技術(shù)。斯坦贏得,同時經(jīng)過德國的馬歇凡德羅的鋼管實驗,以及柯布西耶,巴黎的 皮埃爾 ?讓納雷 和 夏洛特 紅藍(lán)椅, 19181921 山毛櫸,夾板 設(shè)計者: 吉瑞特 里特維爾德 一時間,當(dāng)家具的單色調(diào)色法被設(shè)計者如蘇格蘭的查爾斯霍夫曼被認(rèn)為具有驚人的創(chuàng)新能力,最初的紅藍(lán)椅介紹是在 1921年被荷蘭設(shè)計師 吉瑞特 里特維爾德( 18881964)所提出的。里特維爾德計劃將椅子用于批量化生產(chǎn),椅子是由標(biāo)準(zhǔn)長度的木頭制成的,要求的構(gòu)造性技巧很少。 B3( 瓦西里 ) 休閑椅 , 1925 鍍鉻鋼 ,皮革 設(shè)計者:馬歇布勞耶( 19021981)作為包豪斯木匠業(yè)工作室的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者致力 于兩個目標(biāo)。另外一個是設(shè)計一款懸臂椅,或者由單一底座支撐??刀ㄋ够拿謵鄯Q椅子為“瓦西里”。斯坦( 18991986)在布勞耶之前于 1926 完成了他第一個懸臂椅 —— 第 s33號氣管椅。布勞耶 當(dāng)馬歇 B33 對布勞耶來說是一個苦樂摻半的產(chǎn)品。斯坦已經(jīng)在 1926 年末完成了他的 MS33 椅的設(shè)計。 MR10,1927 鍍鉻鋼管,皮革 設(shè)計者:米斯瑞克 縱觀 19 世紀(jì) 20 年代的德國藝術(shù)家米斯瑞克( 18851947)合 作,在他的建筑學(xué)科的家具發(fā)展中有所建樹。米斯和瑞克都被他們看到的不具有中產(chǎn)階級裝潢色彩的現(xiàn)代極致特色的懸臂椅所吸引。這兩款椅子都在現(xiàn)代主義代表性的 1927 年在 斯圖加特 的 白院聚落 模具椅子展覽上展出。布勞耶 最優(yōu)雅與堅定的懸臂椅開創(chuàng)者在 19 世紀(jì) 20 年代末期被生產(chǎn)出來,它就是B32,設(shè)計者是米斯通過增加木質(zhì)堅硬的框架在座位與椅背,他根除了為交錯幅面增加額外支撐的需求,隱藏了管狀結(jié)構(gòu)保留了輕質(zhì)的、文雅的結(jié)構(gòu)。 第 LC2號福爾豪華酒吧椅, 1928 鍍鉻彎曲鋼管,皮革 設(shè)計者:勒讓納雷,夏洛特貝里安( 19031999)求職在巴黎塞夫爾大街35 號勒”幾個月之后,在他的堂兄妹皮埃爾直到后來柯布西耶以奧地利索耐特的彎木椅子和倫敦的楓的酒吧椅完成了他的住宅項目和展覽設(shè)置。起初為巴黎的 羅斯德貝洛奇園 以及 1929 年的秋季藝術(shù)沙龍設(shè)計的,福爾豪華酒吧椅是從勒 第 B306 號躺椅, 1928 鍍鉻彎曲鋼管,皮革 設(shè)計者:勒讓納雷,夏洛特貝里安派別的第一個產(chǎn)品被設(shè)計成 為系列以供應(yīng)他 在巴黎設(shè)計的 羅斯德貝洛奇園 。第一個是 B301 活動靠背椅,第二個是福爾豪華酒吧椅,第三個是 B306 躺椅?!拔蚁氲搅丝褚拔鞑恐谐橹鵁煷呐W心泻?,腳在空中揮舞高于他的頭部,倚在煙囪架上:完全的放松。夏洛特 第 B302 號環(huán)狀椅, 19281929 鍍鉻彎曲鋼管,皮革 設(shè)計者:勒讓納雷,夏洛特在勒貝里安利用裝飾性的豪華皮革裝飾底座和后背,轉(zhuǎn)變了其功利性的形式。和柯布西耶、讓納雷一起工作為她自己灌輸了一條嚴(yán)格的規(guī)則。 ” 貝里安試圖去說服法國廠商標(biāo)志適應(yīng)在他們的家具中使用自行 車鋼架中的鋼管結(jié)構(gòu)。 第 MR90 號,巴塞羅那椅, 1929 鍍鉻平面鋼管,皮革 設(shè)計者:米斯瑞克 在米斯設(shè)計的椅子中,與國內(nèi)的設(shè)計者莉莉合作的巴塞羅那椅是最為優(yōu)雅與宏偉的。這個椅子作為米斯公會所設(shè)計的內(nèi)容,被挑選為 1929年巴塞羅那國際展德國館的陳設(shè)。 來源: LATE 1800s Until the mid19th century, most chairs were made by hand, but the new industrialists were experimenting with modern production techniques to manufacture high quality furniture swiftly and cheaply in large quantities. Among the most successful was the Austrian manufacturer Michael Tho, who pioneered the massproduction of bentwood furniture. By the late 1800s, his simply styled chairs had bee the first to be used by both aristocrats and factory workers. Chairs in production at the Tho factory Side Chair No. 14, 1870 Production: Tho, Austria Regarded as the most successful industrial product of the 19th century, the Tho Chair No. 14 – nicknamed the ?Consumer Chair? – owed its popularity to cheapness, lightness and strength. Tho struggled for years to produce a version of No. 14 which would be suitable for massproduction and succeeded in 1859. Early versions were glued together from laminated wood but, by 1861 Tho succeeded in making the chair in solid wood with screws, not glue. Tho continued to improve the design and, by 1867, the Consumer Chair could be made from six pieces of bentwood, ten screws and two washers. By 1870 the Consumer Chair was Tho?s cheapest model selling for 3 Austrian florins. Side Chair No. 14, 1870 Bent, solid and laminated beech, woven cane Production: Tho, Austria Rocking Chair No. 1, 1860 Production: Tho, Austria The popularity of the Arts and Crafts movement encouraged the middle and upper classes to regard rocking chairs and other rustic styles of furniture with a new affection during the late 1800s. Despite its industrial ethos, Tho drew inspiration from Arts and Crafts design in the styling of its products. The pany developed its first rocking chair, the Rocking Chair No. 1, in 1860. Sales were slow at first, but Rocking Chair No. 1 and subsequent rockers steadily gained popularity and by 1913, one in every twenty chairs sold by Tho was a rocking chair. Rocking Chair No. 1 Bent, solid and laminated beech, woven cane Production: Tho, Austria Desk Chair No. 9, Production: Tho, Austria Developed by Tho as a fortable, inexpensive desk chair, the No. 9 – or Vienna Chair – went on sale in 1902. It attained iconic status when the architect Le Corbusier chose it to furnish his Pavilion de l?Esprit Nouveau (the Pavilion of the New Spirit) at the 1925 Exposition Internationale des Arts D233。s design of the studio drawingroom in his house at 78 South Park Terrace, Glasgow, 1902 Highbacked chair for the Ingram Street Tea Rooms, 1900 Oak Design: Charles Rennie Mackintosh Among the earliest and most eloquent exp