【正文】 人們認(rèn)為某個東西稀缺的話，行為方式就會改變，這個東西是什么并不重要，有可能是時間金錢或食物。39。39。s sleep or the effects of alcoholism.
　　研究人員請他們在收割前后分別做一次智商測試，他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)完全顛覆了我的三觀，在收割前農(nóng)民們的智商測試得分要低得多，結(jié)果顯示，生活貧困的影響會反映為智商測試得分平均低了14分，為了讓大家對這個分?jǐn)?shù)有個概念，這就相當(dāng)于失眠一整夜或酒精的影響。s parable to losing a nightamp。
　　The researchers asked them to do an IQ test before and after the harvest. What they subsequently discovered pletely blew my mind. The farmers scored much worse on the test before the harvest. The effects of living in poverty, it turns out, correspond to losing 14 points of IQ. Now, to give you an idea, thatamp。為了一個異想天開的研究，他們不遠(yuǎn)萬里去到印度，他們用蔗糖農(nóng)民做了一個實驗。re relatively poor one part of the year and rich the other.
　　老實說，有很長一段時間，我也是這么想的，幾年前，我才發(fā)現(xiàn)，我之前自以為對貧窮的所有了解都是錯的。
　　And to be honest,this was what I thought for a long time. It was only a few years ago that I discovered that everything I thought I knew about poverty was all started when I accidentally stumbled upon a paper by a few American psychologists. They had traveled 8,000 miles, all the way to India, for a fascinating study. And it was an experiment with sugarcane should know that these farmers collect about 60 percent of their annual ine all at once, right after the harvest. This means that theyamp。rsquo。lsquo。39。39。39?；旧暇褪侨狈δ撤N個性。 A lack of character, basically.
　　標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的解釋是英國首相撒切爾夫人曾經(jīng)總結(jié)過的，她把貧窮稱之為”。a personality defect.amp。s a harsh question, but take a look at the data. The poor borrow more, save less, smoke more, exercise less, drink more and eat less healthfully. Why?
　　我想用一個簡單的問題開始今天的話題，為什么窮人會做出這么差勁的決定，我知道這是個尖銳的問題，讓我們來看一下數(shù)據(jù)，窮人借錢更多，儲蓄更少，抽煙更多，飲酒更多，鍛煉更少，而且飲食更為不健康，這是為什么呢?
　　Well, the standard explanation was once summed up by the British Prime Minister, Margaret Thatcher. And she called poverty amp。d like to start with a simple question: Why do the poor make so many poor decisions? I know itamp。
　　你為什么窮
　　演講者：Rutger Bregman
　　Iamp。TED英語演講：你為什么窮　　貧窮的根源在哪里? 有的人在于性格問題，有的人在于教育缺失，也有的人源于工作......Rutger Bregman先生將和大家探討和分享他對貧窮的見解。此資料由網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集而來，如有侵權(quán)請告知上傳者立即刪除。資料共分享，我們負(fù)責(zé)傳遞知識。下面是小編為大家收集關(guān)于TED英語演講：你為什么窮，歡迎借鑒參考。39。39。quot。quot。個性缺陷”。
　　Now, Iamp。m sure not many of you would be so blunt. But the idea that thereamp。s something wrong with the poor themselves is not restricted to Mrs. Thatcher. Some of you may believe that the poor should be held responsible for their own mistakes. And others may argue that we should help them to make better decisions. But the underlying assumption is the same: thereamp。s something wrong with them. If we could just change them, if we could just teach them how to live their lives, if they would only listen.
　　我相信在座各位可能不會有很多人這么大膽的說，但是amp。窮人自身有問題amp。這個概念，不單是撒切爾夫人提出的，有人可能會認(rèn)為窮人應(yīng)該對自己犯的錯負(fù)責(zé)，另一些人可能會說我們應(yīng)該幫他們做出更好的決定，但是這兩種觀點背后的假設(shè)都是一樣的，就是他們是有問題的，如果我們可以改造他們，如果我們可以教導(dǎo)他們?nèi)绾紊?，如果他們能聽從教?dǎo)的話。39。一次我無意中看到幾個美國心理學(xué)家的論文，才恍然大悟。請大家了解這些農(nóng)民年收入的百分之六十是一次性獲得的，就在收割季之后，也就是說在一年中的一段時間，他們會比較貧困。39。39。
　　A few months later, I heard that Eldar Shafir, a professor at Princeton University and one of the authors of this study, was ing over to Holland, where I live. So we met up in Amsterdam to talk about his revolutionary new theory of poverty. And I can sum it up in just two words: scarcity mentality. It turns out that people behave differently when they perceive a thing to be scarce. And what that thing is doesnamp。t much matter whether itamp。s not enough time, money or food.
　　幾個月后，我聽說，普林斯頓大學(xué)教授以及本研究的作者之一，艾爾達(dá)。
　　You all know this feeling, when youamp。ve got too much to do, or when youamp。ve put off breaking for lunch and your blood sugar takes a dive. This narrows your focus to your immediate lack to the sandwich youamp。ve got to have now, the meeting thatamp。s starting i