【正文】 at the end of the supplier process or production line將超市設(shè)置在供應(yīng)流程的最尾端或生產(chǎn)線 ? Make problems immediately visible to the producer process將問題立刻可視化的傳遞到生產(chǎn)工序 ? Do not sacrifice visibility for the sake of optimizing the work of material handlers不為優(yōu)化物料搬運工作的緣故而犧牲可視化 Step1: Supermarkets Location第一步：超市選址 Line生產(chǎn)線 F1 Line生產(chǎn)線 F2 Line生產(chǎn)線 F3 Supermarket超市 1 Supermarket超市 2 Supermarket超市 3 Line生產(chǎn)線 A1 Line生產(chǎn)線 A2 Line生產(chǎn)線 A3 Step1: Supermarkets Location第一步：超市選址 Centralized Supermarket集中化的超市 ? Due to high volume and or mix, the facility layout, the supermarket may not always fit at the end of the line因為大批量或多品種，工廠格局的原因，超市也許不能總是設(shè)置在生產(chǎn)線的尾部。 ? When centralized supermarkets are used they should be located between the upstream and downstream process to minimize material handling集中化的超市用于當(dāng)他們設(shè)置在上游及下游工序來減少物料搬運 ? Supermarkets for ining parts for assembly may be located near the receiving dock來料零件超市可以設(shè)置在靠近收貨區(qū) Step1: Supermarkets Location第一步：超市選址 Line生產(chǎn)線 F1 Line生產(chǎn)線 F2 Line生產(chǎn)線 F3 Consolidated Supermarket統(tǒng)一的超市 Line生產(chǎn)線 A1 Line生產(chǎn)線 A2 Line生產(chǎn)線 A3 Group Exercise 1 團(tuán)隊練習(xí) 1 Go see activity去現(xiàn)場看 ? Walk through the value stream from end to end – Use value stream maps to assist通過現(xiàn)場查看整個價值流 —在價值流程圖的幫助下 ? Identify locations within site value streams where supermarkets are needed在價值流程圖中識別出哪里需要超市 – Document on future state maps where applicable將適用的地方在未來價值流程圖上體現(xiàn) ? Where can we… 哪里我們可以 – Support kanban system efforts?支持看板系統(tǒng)？ – Minimize inventory levels?最小化庫存水平？ – Improve visibility and eliminate shortages?提升可視化及消除物料短缺？ Step 2: Supermarket Sizing第二步：超市大小 How much of each part will we keep line side?每個零件我們需要多少在生產(chǎn)線旁 ? Frequency of conveyance運輸?shù)念l率 ? Quantity of conveyance運輸?shù)臄?shù)量 ? Minimize line side stock through frequent small deliveries that are part of an overall route通過高頻率小批量的交付來最小化生產(chǎn)線旁的物料 Step 2: Supermarket Sizing第二步：超市大小 In order to determine supermarket size, we need to know…為了定義超市的大小，我們需要知道 ? Usage volume (quantity)用量的多少（數(shù)量） – What is the scheduling method?什么是計劃的方法？ – Has the usage been leveled?用量被均衡化了嗎？ – Has the mix been smoothed?生產(chǎn)種類被穩(wěn)定了嗎？ – Is there a frozen time window? 有一個凍結(jié)的時間窗口嗎？ ? Delivery frequency upstream上游工序的交貨頻率 ? Delivery quantity交貨數(shù)量 ? Container size周轉(zhuǎn)箱大小 ? Location of signal信號的位置 ? Weight重量 ? And more等等 The Plan for Every Part (PFEP) answers:單個零件計劃解答了： How is the part purchased?零件如何進(jìn)行采購？ Who produces this part?誰生產(chǎn)這個零件？ How is it packaged?零件如何包裝？ How is the part received?零件如何收貨？ Where is it stored?在哪里儲存？ Where is its point of use?在哪里使用？ How is it delivered to point of use?如何交付到使用點 ? And much Step 2: Supermarket Sizing第二步：超市大小 Sample PFEP Data 數(shù)據(jù)的案例 Part Number物料編號 The number used to identify the materials at this site在工廠內(nèi)物料的識別編號 Description描述 Common name of material物料的通用名稱 Daily usage每天用量 Average quantity of material used per day物料每天是平均使用量 Point of Use使用點 Process or area where the material is consumed物料在哪個工序進(jìn)行消耗 Point of Storage儲存點 Address or location where material is stored物料存儲的地址 Order frequency訂單頻率 How often the material is ordered from the supplier下物料訂單的頻率 Supplier name供應(yīng)商 Name of the supplier of material零件供應(yīng)商的名稱 Supplier city供應(yīng)商城市 City where the supplier of this material is located零件供應(yīng)商所在城市 Supplier region供應(yīng)商地區(qū) Prefecture, state, district, or province where supplier is located零件供應(yīng)商所在區(qū)域 Supplier country供應(yīng)商國家 Country where supplier is located供應(yīng)商所在的國家 Container type包裝箱類型 Type of the container used for this material物料使用的周轉(zhuǎn)箱類型 Container weight包裝箱重量 How much an empty container weighs空箱的重量 Weight per part零件單重 How much one unit of this material weighs單個零件的重量 Total pkg. weight整箱重量 Weight of a full container of this material物料滿箱的總重 PFEP (Plan for