第九章抗生素的生產(chǎn)-文庫吧資料
2025-01-10 13:38本頁面
【正文】 n to remain active Action of ? lactamase ? ? lactamase destroys penicillin by hydrolyzing a bond in this ring Some Statistics 10,985 tonnes of 6APA were produced in 1998 Of the 10,985, 48% was used for ampicilllin production, and 27% for amoxicillin. Resistance Linked to overuse of a specific agent or to the introductiob of a new class of ? lactam By the late 1970’s fewer than 10% of Staphlococcus infections could be cured by penicillin，到 1999年， WHO報(bào)道 95%的金黃色葡萄球菌抗青霉素， 100%大腸桿菌抗鏈霉素 Conclusion Semisynthetic variants are now the favoured choice of antibitic for bating bacterial resistance Can be orally administered They have a broadened range of specifity More chemically stable than their native counterpart. 抗生素的生產(chǎn)和提取工藝 菌種 孢子制備 發(fā)酵 種子制備 發(fā)酵液的預(yù)處理 提取和精制 成品包裝 現(xiàn)代抗生素工業(yè)生產(chǎn)工藝 Configuration Production Reactors must be correctly designed if the fermenting anisms potential is to be achieved An understanding of the impact of configuration on production can help highlight suitable designs Building a Bioreactor The most important design features to consider include: Construction Material Capacity Impellar Design Heat Exchanger Sparger Analytical Instrumentation The Optimum Design 1. Construction Material Typically stainless steel as it’s cheap, light, readily available easy to sterilize 2. Capacity 3. Industrial designs hold between 30200m3 of fluid, must however consider impact on cost environmental control 3. Geometry 4. Increased height to diameter ratio is favored as it aids agitation aeration of viscous antibiotic broths 4. Impellar 5. Rushtons are standard, but axial designs also possible. Low rotational speeds minimize shear increased impellar diameter pensates for reduced agitation Axial Radial Impellars Different Impellar Designs 5. Heat Exchanger Heat generated by biological reactions agitation is removed by cooling jackets. Limpet, or half pipe, is mon choice Sparger Cshaped preferable to single pipe, as they improve O2 transfer in the viscous broths Cold H2O In Warm H2O Out
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