【正文】 of course, a good teacher. ? (b) Your point sounds reasonable，anyhow． ? (c) Trees turned green again． ? (d) You are regarded by everyone in the munity as indispensable. 89 第二類：各式賓語補語 ? (a) The news makes him happy． ? (b) He paints the tree blue． ? (c) They named the street Addin． ? (d) Somebody has left the light switched on． 90 述補結(jié)構(gòu) ? (1)表示行為態(tài)勢或動向 ? 肯定式：上、下；來、去；開、開來；起來；過（了）；完、成 —— VC ? 否定式：不（置于補語前）；未、沒、沒有（置于動詞前） ——V不 C ? 走出來 walk out ? 走不出來 can’t walk out/be unable to walk out ? 打開 open out (up), unfold, untie, undo ? 打不開 can’t not be open 91 (2)表示可能 ? 肯定式 :得 —— V得 C ? 否定式 :不 —— V不 C ? 聽得清 ? can hear/be able to hear ? 聽不清 ? can not hear clearly/be unable to hear clearly 92 （ 3）表示結(jié)果 ? VC： 不，未，沒／沒有 —— V不 C ? 染紅 dye in red ? 染 不 紅； 未 染紅； 沒 /沒有 染紅 ? can’t dye in red/be unable to dye in red ? 拿走 take away ? 拿不走 can’t be taken away/remain in the place ? 沒有（未）拿走 do not take away/have not taken away 93 (4)表示狀態(tài) ? V+得 +C： V+得 +不（很） C ? 看得很清楚 see very clearly ? 看得不很清楚 see not very clearly ? 擦得油光錚亮 polish (sth.) till it glitters ? 擦得不很亮 not well polished ? 洗得干干凈凈 wash sth. till it is perfectly clean ? 洗得不很干凈 not very cleanly washed ? 寫得催人淚下 write in an irresistibly moving style ? 寫得不很感人 not very successfully written 94 (a)急得我直冒汗。 It’s a promise you made． You ought to keep it． (d)對這種人 以 文明有禮 為 好。 ? I have bought a table which has three legs. ? (0r: I have bought a threelegged table.) 85 (3)緊縮式謂語 ? (a)吃點藥祛寒退熱 ? take some medicine to shake off cold and fever ? (b)愛去不去。 ? I want to read a newspaper. ? (g)我記得他來過這里。 ? Thank you for you reminder， dear sister. 84 ? (e)告訴他我不知道這件事。 ? He asked you to help． ? (c)老師叫 你 去。 He said listlessly． 74 漢語謂語構(gòu)成成分復雜多樣 75 ? （ 1）連動式謂語 SV1(X) V2(X) ? A．并列式： V1(X)+V2(X) ? (a)會客赴宴： V1(O)+V2(O) ? receive visitors and attend dinner parties ? (b)脫了鞋進屋： V1(O)+V2(O) ? take off shoes and enter the room ? (c)敲鑼打鼓： V1(O)+V2(O) ? beat drums and strike gongs 76 B．從屬式： V1(X)→V2(X) ? (1)條件關系 ? 干完就走 ? go as soon as (until) the job is done ? 能干多少就干多少 ? do as much as possible 77 (2)對象關系 替誰干活 do the job for whom 找你算賬 get even with you 78 (3)方式關系 屈膝求饒： go down on one’s knees to beg for mercy 站著講課： stand giving a lecture 用拍子打蒼蠅： kill a fly with a swatter 79 (4)時間、處所關系 到上海就失蹤了： disappear upon one’s arrival in Shanghai 等天亮再走： leave after daybreak 立地成佛： achieve salvation as soon as one gives up domineering 80 (5)目的關系 烤火取暖： warm oneself by the fire 臨渴掘井： dig a well when one is thirsty 開門捉賊： throw the door open for the thief 打點水洗洗腳： fetch some water to wash one’s feet 打開窗戶換換空氣： open the window to let in some fresh air 81 C．鏈式： S+V1(X) V2(X) V3(X)…… (a)請假坐飛機回家探親： ask for leave to go home by air to see one’s relatives (b)持槍劫車殺人越貨： hijack a truck and loot the goods by killing the driver with a gun (c)打電話約個時間見面敘談： fix an appointment over the phone to meet for a chat 82 （ 2）兼語式謂語 83 ? (a)我們派 他 做代表。 You scared me our of my senses。 The problem remains to be solved by the labor union． (h)河畔草青青。 Sixteen “l(fā)iang” makes one “jin” by the old system of weights. 73 (f)那神探足智多謀。 This conduct is immoral． (c)你們廠里情況 怎么樣 ? What do you think of your factory? (d)七月二十二日 她生日 。 必須由 SV提挈： 1)How beautiful it is! 2) Have you finished with it? 3) There are good ones and bad ones. 4) I was scared. 72 (a)誠 招 天下客。 3）明天去嗎？ 必須由 SV提挈： 1） You have not changed, but he has. 2) I like it but he doesn’t. 3) Will you go tomorrow? 71 漢語 英語 非主謂句： 1）太美了！ 2）完了嗎？ 3）有好的，也有不好的。 68 （ 3）靠近原則 (Principle of Proximity) ? (e) Not only the students but the teacher objects to the plan． ? (f) Either my children or I am going． 69 （ 4）慣用法原則 (Principle of Idiomatiess) ? (g) There is more than option in this case． ? (h) Five times eight is forty． ? (i) Only one out of five were present． 70 、自足性較強， 形式機制弱 漢語 英語 主謂句： 1）你沒變，可他變了。 67 （ 2）邏輯原則 (Logical Principle) ? (c) Half the boys are here． ? 半數(shù)男孩子都來了。 ? 漢語： 意念主軸 （ 5）漢英主語的語法功能比較 64 The true joy of joys is the joy that joys in the joy of others. 與人同樂才是真樂 65 ? ： ? 英語形式程式的核心 ? 必須以動詞為基礎和核心 ? 必須主謂一致 （二）漢英謂語差異 66 （ 1）語法原則 (Grammatical Principle) ? (a) Trousers often bag at the knees． ? 褲子常在膝蓋處松垂得像個袋子。 A man must not be shameless； being shamel