【正文】 ty of encounters in English today take place between nonnative speakers. Indeed, he adds, many business meetings held in English appear to run more smoothly when there are no native Englishspeakers present.問題在于：它將是誰的英語？目前，在講英語的人中，非英語母語人士和英語母語人士的比例是3比1。對于英語使用者來說，從一種或另一種變化轉(zhuǎn)向更適合工作、學(xué)校或是國際交往的語言運用，這種做法很常見。”科克帕里克教授還提供了一個尼日利亞混雜英語的例子：“Monkey de work, baboon dey chop”（猴子工作，狒狒吃東西）。一個印度青少年刊物里有這樣一段話：“兩個對立的團體出去玩……你知道，他們一般都沉浸在dhamal（一種舞蹈）里消磨時間。“有很多種英語都是你我所不能理解的，”他表示。t understand,” he says. World Englishes, a recent book by Andy Kirkpatrick, professor at the Hong Kong Institute of Education, gives some examples. An Indian teenager39。拉丁語也許正在消亡，但它在很長的時間里都是科學(xué)界的通用語言，在進(jìn)入20世紀(jì)很多年之后，羅馬天主教還在使用拉丁文。Mr Graddol agrees that we are unlikely to see English challenged in our lifetime. Once a lingua franca is established, it takes a long time to shift. Latin may be disappearing but it remained the language of science for generations and was used by the Roman Catholic church well into the 20th century.葛拉多爾同意，在我們這一代，可能還不會看到英語的地位受到挑戰(zhàn)。但他表示，目前還幾乎沒有這種跡象。s language? It may happen. “Thinking back a thousand years, who would have predicted the demise of Latin?” Mr Crystal asks. But at the moment there is little sign of it, he says. The Chinese are rushing to learn English.那么中國的崛起是否能讓漢語成為世界語言呢？這是有可能的。So could China39?！耙环N語言成為世界語完全是由外部原因造成的，與說這種語言的人的實力密切相關(guān)，”他在文中寫到。克里斯特爾并不認(rèn)為，英語成為世界語言的原因是它易于學(xué)習(xí)。s dominance after the British empire had faded.不過，英語還是有很多難點。s grammatical plexity did not hamper its spread. “A language bees a world language for extrinsic reasons only, and these all relate to the power of the people who speak it,” he wrote. The British empire carried English to all those countries on which the sun never set。There is, however, plenty that is difficult about English. Try explaining its phrasal verbs – the difference, for example, between “I stood up to him” and “I stood him up”. Mr Crystal dismisses the idea that English has bee the world39。 a bull, a cow)。(I run, you run, they run。 a bull, a cow.) There is no need to remember whether a table is masculine or feminine.一些人相信英語會流傳下去，因為它有一個天然優(yōu)勢：容易學(xué)習(xí)。Some believe English will survive because it has a natural advantage: it is easy to learn. Apart from a pesky “s” at the end of the present tense third person singular (“she runs”), verbs remain unchanged no matter who you are talking about. (I run, you run, they run。今天，以西班牙語和印度烏爾都語為母語的人口已經(jīng)和以英語為母語的人口一樣多。首先，英語是否可能遭遇其它發(fā)展迅速的語言的挑戰(zhàn)，如漢語、西班牙語或阿拉伯語？其次，隨著英語不斷傳播并受到地方語言的影響，它是會被分化——像拉丁語分化為意大利語和法語一樣，還是會繼續(xù)存在但滋生出新的語言——就像德語與荷蘭語和瑞典語的關(guān)系？第三，如果英語確實能保留標(biāo)準(zhǔn)特性，使之繼續(xù)為全球各地的人所理解，那么這個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)將是老牌英語世界的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，還是一個不同的新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)？Mr Graddol says the idea of English being supplanted as the world language is not fanciful. About 50 years ago, English had more native speakers than any language except Mandarin. Today both Spanish and HindiUrdu have as many native speakers as English does. By the middle of this century, English could fall into fifth place behind Arabic in the numbers who speak it as a first language.葛拉多爾表示，英語作為世界語言的地位被取代，這種想法并非不切實際。全球英語已進(jìn)入一個更為復(fù)雜的階段，以一些老牌英語國家無法控制、可能也不喜歡的方式不斷變化著。David Graddol, the author of English Next, says it is temp