曼昆宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)名詞解釋-(中英文)-文庫吧資料
2025-08-07 21:39本頁面
【正文】 Money is the set of assets in an economy that people regularly use to buy goods and services from other people.貨幣：經(jīng)濟(jì)中人們經(jīng)常用于向其他人購買物品與勞務(wù)的一組資產(chǎn)。Collective bargaining is the process by which unions and firms agree on the terms of employment.集體談判：工會和企業(yè)就就業(yè)條件達(dá)成一致的過程.Strike is the organized withdrawal of labor from a firm by a union罷工：工會組織工人從企業(yè)撤出勞動。Unemployment insurance is a government program that partially protects workers’ ines when they became unemployed.失業(yè)保險：當(dāng)工人失業(yè)時為他們提供部分收入保障的政府計劃。Structural unemployment is the unemployment that results because the number of jobs available in some labor markets is insufficient to provide a job for everyone who wants one.結(jié)構(gòu)性失業(yè)：由于某些勞動市場上可提供的工作崗位數(shù)量不足以為每個想工作的人提供工作而引起的失業(yè)。Discouraged workers are individuals who would like to work but have given up looking for a job喪失信心的工人：想工作但已放棄尋找工作的人。Natural rate of unemployment is the normal rate of unemployment around which the unemployment rate fluctuates.自然失業(yè)率：失業(yè)率圍繞它而波動的正常失業(yè)率。Unemployment rate is the percentage of the labor force that is unemployed.失業(yè)率：勞動力中失業(yè)者所占的百分比。Random walk: the path of a variable whose changes are impossible to predict.隨機(jī)行走：一種變量變動的路徑是不可預(yù)期的。Efficient markets hypothesis: the theory that asset prices reflect all publicly available information about the value of an asset.有效市場假說：認(rèn)為資產(chǎn)價格反映了關(guān)于一種資產(chǎn)價值的所有公開的、可獲得的信息的理論。Aggregate risk: risk that affects all economic actors at once.市場風(fēng)險：影響股市上所有公司的風(fēng)險。Diversification:the reduction of risk achieved by replacing a single risk with a large number of smaller unrelated risks.多元化：通過用大量不相關(guān)的小風(fēng)險代替一種風(fēng)險來降低風(fēng)險。Compounding: the accumulation of a sum of money in,say,a bank account,where the interest earned remains in the account to earn additional interest in the future.復(fù)利：貨幣量的累積，比如說銀行賬戶上貨幣量的累積，即賺得的利息仍留在賬戶上以賺取未來更多的利息。Present value: the amount of money today that would be needed to produce,using prevailing interest rates, a given future amount of money.現(xiàn)值：用現(xiàn)行利率生產(chǎn)一定量未來貨幣所需要的現(xiàn)在貨幣量。Crowding out is a decrease in investment that results from government borrowing.擠出：政府借款所引起的投資減少。Budget deficit is a shortfall of tax revenue from government spending預(yù)算赤字：政府支出引起的稅收收入短缺。Public saving is the tax revenue that the government has left after paying for its spending.公共儲蓄：政府在支付其支出后剩下的稅收收入。National saving (saving) is the total ine in the economy that remains after paying for consumption and government purchase.國民儲蓄（儲蓄）：在用于消費和政府購買后剩下的一個經(jīng)濟(jì)中的收入。Financial intermediaries are financial institutions through which savers can indirectly provide funds to borrowers.金融中介機(jī)構(gòu)：儲蓄者可以通過它間接地向借款者提供資金的金融機(jī)構(gòu)。Bond is a certificate of indebtedness債券：一種債務(wù)證明書。第18章 SAVING,INVESTMENT,AND THE FINANCIAL SYSTEM儲蓄、投資和金融體系Financial system is the group of institutions in the economy that help to match one person’s savi
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