【正文】 of use.石油的供應(yīng)可能隨時會被中斷；不管怎樣，以目前的這種消費速度，只需30年左右，所有的油井都會枯竭。例6. Over the years, tools and technology themselves as a source of fundamental innovation have largely been ignored by historians and philosophers of science. (95年考題)工具和技術(shù)本身作為根本性創(chuàng)新的源泉多年來在很大程度上被科學史學家和科學思想家們忽視了。例5. They may have been a source of part of the atmosphere of the terrestrial planets, and they are believed to have been the planetesimallike building blocks for some of the outer planets and their satellites.它們可能一直是地球行星的一部分大氣的來源。實際上是由許多種顏色組成的。白光amp。 light is actually made up of many colours.自然光或者amp。whiteamp。例3. Natural light or amp。例如:例1. Early fires on the earth were certainly caused by nature, not by Man.地球上早期的火肯定是由大自然而不是人類引燃的。8221。8220。8221。8230。8220。8221。8220。8221。8230。8230。8220。8221。8220。8221。8220。8221。8220。8221。8220。英語中的許多被動句可以翻譯成漢語的被動句。(注意上述翻譯技巧在該句翻譯中的綜合運用。例2. On the whole such an conclusion can be drawn with a certain degree of confidence, but only if the child can be assumed to have had the same attitude towards the test as the other with whom he is being pared, and only if he was not punished by lack of relevant information which they possessed. (92年考題)總的來說,得出這種結(jié)論是有一定程度把握的,但必須具備兩個條件:能夠假定這個孩子對測試的態(tài)度和與他比較的另一個孩子的態(tài)度相同。(5)翻譯成帶表語的主動句。amp。由此可見amp。It will be seen from this that amp。amp。必須指出amp。It must be pointed out that amp。amp。必須承認amp。It must be admitted that amp。amp?？梢院敛豢鋸埖卣famp。It may be said without fear of exaggeration that amp。amp。據(jù)推測amp。It is supposed that amp。amp。據(jù)說amp。It is said that amp。amp。據(jù)報道amp。It is reported that amp。amp。希望amp。(91年考題)另外,下列結(jié)構(gòu)也可以通過這一手段翻譯:It is hoped that amp。amp。.必須找到新的能源，這需要時間amp。例5. New source of energy must be found, and this will take timeamp。(82年考題)例2. By this procedure, different honeys have been found to vary widely in the sensitivity of their inhibit to heat.通過這種方法分析發(fā)現(xiàn)不同種類的蜂蜜的抗菌活動對熱的敏感程度也極為不同。(4)翻譯成漢語的無主句。例2. By the end of the war, 800 people had been saved by the organization, but at a cost of 200 Belgian and French lives.大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束時,這個組織拯救了八百人,但那是以二百多比利時人和法國人的生命為代價的。(3)將英語原文中的by, in, for等做狀語的介詞短語翻譯成譯文的主語,在此情況下,英語原文中的主語一般被翻譯成賓語。amp。有人曾經(jīng)說amp。It was told that amp。amp。有人會說amp。It will be said amp。amp。大家知道(眾所周知)amp。大家(一般人)認為It is well known that amp。It is generally considered that amp。amp。有人認為amp。It is believed that amp。amp。有人主張amp。另外,下列的結(jié)構(gòu)也可以通過這一手段翻譯:It is asserted that amp。例2. Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events, allows one to follow the latest developments in science and politics, and offers an endless series of programmes which are both instructive and entertaining. (85年考題)人們常說,電視使人了解時事,熟悉政治領(lǐng)域的最新發(fā)展變化,并能源源不斷地為觀眾提供各種既有教育意義又有趣的節(jié)目。(2)將英語原文中的主語翻譯為賓語,同時增補泛指性的詞語(人們,大家等)作主語。例3. Nuclear power\39。例如:例1. Other questions will be discussed briefly.其它問題將簡單地加以討論。8221。8230。8230。8220。8221。8220。8221。8220。(1)英語原文中的主語在譯文中仍做主語。對于英語原文的被動結(jié)構(gòu),我們一般采取下列的方法:。8221。8220。8221。8220。(反譯)二、被動語態(tài)譯法英語中被動語態(tài)的使用范圍極為廣泛,尤其是在科技英語中,被動語態(tài)幾乎隨處可見,凡是在不必、不愿說出或不知道主動者的情況下均可使用被動語態(tài),因此,掌握被動語態(tài)的翻譯方法,對于碩士研究生入學考試的復(fù)習與應(yīng)考是極為重要的,因為在碩士研究生入學考試中，英譯漢文章的內(nèi)容多以科普文章為主。She can hardly be rated as a bright student. (正譯)She is anything but a bright student. (反譯)(6) Please withhold the document for the time being.請暫時扣下這份文件。Suddenly he had a new idea. (正譯)He suddenly thought out a new idea. (正譯)A new idea suddenly occurred to/struck him. (反譯)(4)他仍然沒有弄懂我的意思。In the United States, everyone can buy a gun. (正譯)In the United States, guns are available to everyone. (反譯)(2)你可以從因特網(wǎng)上獲得這一信息。因此比較地道。所謂反譯則是指把句子按照與漢語相反的語序或表達方式譯成英語。China is a large country with fourfifths of the population engaged in agriculture, but only one tenth of the land is farmland, the re