【正文】 個(gè)方法也許能幫助他們提高成績(jī)的話，他們就會(huì)努力達(dá)到這個(gè)期望？Exactly.沒錯(cuò)。Like, did the students do the writing just once, or several times?比如，這些學(xué)生只寫了一次文章，還是好幾次呢？And had they been told why they were doing the writing? That might have affected the results.還有，他們有沒有告訴過這些學(xué)生為什么要寫這篇文章？這可能會(huì)影響考試成績(jī)的。Yes. Mind you, Miyake39。t to an A, but still! No, but it does suggest that the women were seriously underperforming beforehand, in parison with the men.成績(jī)提高幅度很大啊。s physics grades from the C to the B range.但是讓研究人員大感意外的是，這樣一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的舉動(dòng)竟然使女生的物理成績(jī)從C提高到了B。But what the researchers in the study hadn39。Right. So the idea of doing the writing is that this gets the students thinking in a positive way.對(duì)的，寫這篇文章的想法是讓學(xué)生以一種積極的方式思考。What did they call it?他們管這個(gè)叫什么來著？Valuesaffirmation —they had to write an essay focusing on things that were significant to them, not particularly to do with the subject they were studying, but more general things like music or people who mattered to them.價(jià)值觀認(rèn)定。Anyway, what Miyake39。s what the women thought, and that made them nervous, so they did get poor results.這只是她們自己以為而已，不過這種想法使她們緊張不安，最終成績(jī)不理想。t any good at physics. . . was that it?沒錯(cuò)，看我記的對(duì)不對(duì)......在物理專業(yè)的班級(jí)中，女學(xué)生認(rèn)為班上的男學(xué)生一致覺得她們根本不懂物理，對(duì)不對(duì)？And they thought that the men expected them to get poor results in their tests.而且她們還覺得男生指望她們?cè)诳荚囍腥〉貌缓玫某煽?jī)。Right. Now let39。s results.對(duì)，但是這些研究人員基本上只是想要弄清楚他們能做些什么，來改善這種女生成績(jī)相對(duì)較低的情況。No one really knows why this is the case.沒人知道為什么會(huì)出現(xiàn)這種情況。s correct. So as I understood it, Miyake and co started from the fact that women are underrepresented in introductory physics courses at college, and also that on average, the women who do enrol on these courses perform more poorly than the men.沒錯(cuò)。對(duì)，但是他們的一部分專業(yè)課都包括了物理學(xué)的課程。That39。t actually majoring in physics —they were majoring in what39。Yeah. I got a little confused at first about which students the study was based on.對(duì)，我一開始還有點(diǎn)弄不清楚，這項(xiàng)研究是針對(duì)哪些學(xué)生進(jìn)行的。That39。SECTION 3OK, Greg, so I finally managed to read the article you mentioned — the one about the study on gender in physics.Greg，我終于看完了你提到過的那篇文章，就是那篇關(guān)于研究物理學(xué)系的性別差異的文章。re all ready, we39。t go inside.這座房子絕對(duì)適合拍幾張照片，不過由于這是私人住宅，你們不能進(jìn)去參觀。s a private home, I39。It39。That goes to the house, and it39。s a covered piics spot on the right.或者，如果你們不喜歡露天用餐的話，可以去農(nóng)場(chǎng)院子附近，過了橋就能看見右邊有個(gè)帶屋頂?shù)囊安蛨?chǎng)所。d prefer a covered piic area there39。You can piic in the field, though do clear up behind you, of course.你們可以在田里野餐，不過記得吃完要收拾干凈。Now I mustn39。If you take the side path to the right here just by the New Barn you39。As you may know, we run skills workshops here, where you can learn traditional crafts like woodwork and basketmaking.你們也許知道，我們這兒還開了個(gè)技能學(xué)習(xí)班，在這里可以學(xué)到像木工和編籃子這樣的傳統(tǒng)手工技能。The building was originally the schoolhouse, and it39。Walk along the side path and the cafe39。t get lost in it!圍著這個(gè)迷宮的樹籬比較高，小孩子是沒法兒通過籬笆從上往下看的，不過它實(shí)際上只是個(gè)小迷宮，在里面不會(huì)走丟的。The maze is made out of hedges which are too tall for young children to see over them, but it39。s opposite the New Barn beside the side path that branches off to the right just over there.往前看的話會(huì)看到一個(gè)迷宮。If you look ahead of you you39。It39。re now at the beginning of the main path to the farmland — and of course the car park is on your left.你們剛才買票的那棟樓是New Barn，就在你們右邊；現(xiàn)在我們?cè)谌マr(nóng)場(chǎng)的主道的入口處，還有，當(dāng)然啦，停車場(chǎng)在你們左邊。. . . . . .Now let me give you some idea of the layout of the farm.現(xiàn)在我給你們介紹一下農(nóng)場(chǎng)的布局。. . . . . .Before you hear the rest of the talk, you have some time to look at questions 15 to 20.在播放剩下的錄音之前，你有一些時(shí)間閱讀問題1520。m sure you39。re guide dogs.我想你們應(yīng)該沒人帶了狗過來吧，不過以防有人帶了我還是說一下吧，恐怕你們得把狗留在停車場(chǎng)了，除非它們是導(dǎo)盲犬。m afraid they39。I don39。我很高興看見你們都穿了鞋子過來，我們一般都建議大家這么做。m glad to see you39。t want any accidents, do we?我們可不想出現(xiàn)任何意外，對(duì)吧？The ground is very uneven, and you might slip if you39。t touch them.還有，請(qǐng)一定要和農(nóng)場(chǎng)工具保持安全距離，它們中有一些非常尖銳，會(huì)很危險(xiǎn)的，所以請(qǐng)不要碰它們。We have a lot here, and many of them are breeds that are now quite rare.這里有很多動(dòng)物，而且很多都是如今非常稀有的品種。s a working farm, please don39。I must give you some advice and safety tips before we go any further.在我們繼續(xù)進(jìn)入農(nóng)場(chǎng)之前，我必須跟你們提一些建議以及說一些安全要點(diǎn)。So you39。SECTION 2Wele to the Fiddy Working Heritage Farm.歡迎來到Fiddy Working Heritage 農(nóng)場(chǎng)。ll make sure I39。And the chairs and tables should be stacked up neatly at the back of the room.還有，你們要把桌椅整齊地?cái)[放在房間后面。l presume we can have decorations in the room?我們可以在房間里做些裝飾吧？Yes, but you must take them down afterwards.可以，但是結(jié)束之后必須把它們弄下來。我們會(huì)確保一切都干凈整潔的。ll make sure everything39。ll be provided with black plastic bags, so all the rubbish must be collected up and left outside the door.然后我們會(huì)給你們一些黑色塑料袋，你們必須把所有的垃圾都裝起來放到門外去。s gone?好的，大家都走了之后我們要做什么？Sweep the floors I suppose?掃地？Well actually they have to be washed not just swept.事實(shí)上，你們不僅要掃地，還要把地拖干凈。s got all the cleaning equipment, brushes and detergent and so on.柜子里有所有的清掃裝備——刷子、清潔劑等等。Il be informed of the code you need to open that.所以，我們會(huì)告訴你打開鎖著的櫥柜需要的密碼。So t