【正文】 ble meaning in the phrase much restored in line 13. The early mosaics are made to look new again。 . the current strain in relations between the two countries 29. How do you interpret “experiencing strain in his relationships with Americans” in paragraph 4? Having trouble getting along with Americans 30. Rephrase the sentence: It took some time but finally we were able to identify most of the contrasting features of the American and British problems that were in conflict in this case. It was not until some time later that we managed to discover the major differences that had frustrated both sides in the above story. 31. How differently would the English and the Americans behave when they want to be alone? The Americans would go to their own rooms and shut the door, whereas the English, instead of finding architectural screens to shut themselves off, would provide subtle clues to others present that they do not wish to be disturbed. 32. How would the English and the Americans feel if they are not talked to by people present in the same room? Americans would feel that they are being rejected. The English would feel happy that others have recognized the unseen barrier they have erected to keep off intrusion. 33. Rephrase the sentence: They have in effect internalized a set of barriers, which they erect and which others are supposed to recognize. They have virtually built up, for themselves, a wall, which may keep them safe from disturbance when necessary and which, they assume, others should be able to perceive and respect. 34. The article is written not by a lay person based on casual observations but by a professor of anthropology based on his research findings. Some words the author uses has added to the academic flavor of the writing. Can you identify some of them and explain what they mean? Proxemic () adj. of proxemics, a branch of sociology that studies spatial relations, people’s sense of space and their need of space in different situations, etc. Subject () a person that undergoes scientific experimentation or investigation Ego () the self of a person Condition () determine, accustom Seminar () regular meeting of a group of students under the guidance of a tutor or a professor Unit Two TEXT I Tourists I. About the author Nancy Mitford (19041973), English writer of novels, biographies, and essays, is noted for her witty novels of upperclass life. Her workers include: Pursuit of Love (1945), Vlotaire in Love (1957), and The Sun King (1966), about Louis XIV. One of her most widely read books was Noblesse Oblige: An Inquiry into the Identifiable Characteristics of the English Aristocracy (1956). The text is from an essay called “The Tourist,” part of a collection published under the title of The Water Beetle (1962). II. Organization and Development Although part of a collection, the selection is quite plete in itself as far as structure is concerned. The author seems to have followed a wellworkedout outline. Now try to restore that outline, indicating the main parts and the major subdivisions under each of them. Outline for reference: 1. The island and the tourists The island: location, natural features, the cathedral and its bells The tourists: number, transport, lack of taste, illmannered behavior, AmericanEnglishmenGermans 2. Behavior of the islanders The author’s general attitude Comparison of the island to a stage Young men from Burano (Little Eric) Old women selling laces The priest The tourists’ response 3. Torcello back to its life routine Young men Old women Father of the clover babies The brief description of the small island creates the impression that it might be a nice, quiet retreat for writers like the author herself, but it might not be a good tourist resort. This helps to strengthen the point the author wants to make, . the tourists who swamp the place are aimless in their touring. III. Notes 1. Based on the author’s description, try to think of just a few words and phrases that bring out the most important features of the island Torcello. Small, ancient, abundant in wild flowers, crisscrossed by waterways 2. Rephrase the sentence: The most intensive study I ever made of tourists was at Torcello, where it is impossible to avoid them. Since tourists can be seen almost everywhere at Torcello, I decided to observe them closely. 3. minute: very small 4. lagoon: an area of calm sea water partly or pletely separated from the sea by banks of sand, rock, coral, etc. 5. a great cathedral referring to SantaMaria Assunta Cathedral, which was founded in about 639, and rebuilt in the ninth and the eleventh century. It is a Byzantine cathedral, decorated with fine VeoByzantine mosaics. 6. What does the word “chorus” in line 8 refer to? bells ringing out 7. Explain the sentence: Bells from the campanile ring out reproaches three times a day … joined by a chorus from the surrounding islands. From the campanile, or the high bell tower, can be heard the reproaches, or sets of verses representing reproaches of Jesus Christ to his people, three times a day. Such reproaches ring out from the nearby islands too. “cloches, cloches, divins reproches” = (French) “bells, bells, divine reproaches” 8. lonely as a cloud This is an echo of William Wordsworth’s poem “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud” (1804). The first verse of the poem is as follows: I wandered lonely as a cloud That floats on high o’er vales and hills, When all at once I saw a crowd, A host of golden daffodils。 insi