【正文】 管道內(nèi)應(yīng)充氬保護(hù)。 Welding groove should cleaned by abrasive wheel ,Groove should be flat and smooth, The oil ,rusting and oxidization of groove surface should cleaned very well. In clean range should have no defects such as cracking and double layers.，應(yīng)采用小規(guī)范、短電弧、快速焊和窄焊道工藝進(jìn)行焊接，并應(yīng)控制層間溫度不得超過(guò)150℃，必要時(shí)，應(yīng)采取強(qiáng)制冷卻措施。)Groove angle Angle12～3I型坡口Type I groove0～單面焊Single Weldng2～8V型坡口V type Groove0～20～265177。 Welders do their job with welding technique card,. Which will be prepared and reviewed by equivalent steel welding process qualification and procedure. equivalent steel welding process qualification and procedure. 當(dāng)出現(xiàn)下列情況如沒(méi)有防護(hù)措施時(shí)，應(yīng)停止焊接工作： Welding operation must be stop in case following problem happened without protecta. 手工電弧焊時(shí)，風(fēng)速≥8m/s，氬弧焊時(shí)，風(fēng)速≥2m/s；The wind velocity is≥8m/s in SMAW, the wind velocity is ≥2m/s in arc welding.b. 相對(duì)濕度＞90%；Relative moisture is ＞90%c. 下雨；Raining 焊接完畢后，及時(shí)在焊縫兩側(cè)50mm范圍內(nèi)打上焊工鋼印號(hào)，不銹鋼鋼管不做鋼印標(biāo)識(shí)，但是應(yīng)在管道單線圖上標(biāo)注清楚。 Welding rod shall be dried by instruments and guide book of welding operation. Insulation tank shall be used for electrode drying in welding operation. 焊工按指定的焊接工藝卡（焊接作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書(shū)）施焊。 Welders shall work on piping welding in acceptable welding project and in available period. 焊材應(yīng)有產(chǎn)品合格證明書(shū)，并經(jīng)復(fù)驗(yàn)合格。焊前檢查、修正接縫的間隙、錯(cuò)邊量等；焊接作業(yè)期間，注意自然環(huán)境對(duì)焊接作業(yè)的影響，焊后檢查焊縫表面質(zhì)量、角變形，及時(shí)作出質(zhì)量評(píng)定，并按要求進(jìn)行無(wú)損檢測(cè)，及時(shí)填寫(xiě)焊接施工記錄。焊接質(zhì)量直接決定整個(gè)安裝工程的質(zhì)量，因此，我們應(yīng)從焊接材料、焊接工藝、施焊過(guò)程、焊接檢驗(yàn)諸方面對(duì)焊接質(zhì)量進(jìn)行嚴(yán)格控制，確保每個(gè)焊接環(huán)節(jié)都處于受控狀態(tài)。不銹鋼和碳鋼在切割和存放時(shí)，嚴(yán)格區(qū)分開(kāi)。為保證焊接質(zhì)量，工藝管道焊接均采用氬電聯(lián)焊的工藝進(jìn)行。管道施焊時(shí)，按規(guī)定的焊接工藝執(zhí)行。 Steel material cutting and piping groove process should use methods as follows。 In piping prefabrication progress, We will purchase piping fittings according to the specification, quantities and material quality formed in isolated drawings. We will check the piping tags in every steps and make changed tags in good consequence for using correct material and size and making clear tags. 鋼材的切割及管道坡口的加工應(yīng)采用以下方法：鍍鋅鋼管和公稱直徑≤50的碳鋼管，采用機(jī)械切割，公稱直徑大于DN50的碳鋼管采用氧乙炔焰法切割 ；不銹鋼管應(yīng)用機(jī)械或等離子的方法切割，304L、316L和317L材質(zhì)的鋼管用砂輪切割或修磨時(shí)，應(yīng)有專(zhuān)用砂輪片。We have track crown blocks, lathes, beam drills, plate shears ,groove processing machine and automatic welding machines in the piping prefabrication yard to avoid field work bearing such as technique management ,material management and equipment management, make housekeeping ,develop the second site, set up piping prefabrication yard ,make piping prefabrication process in the market and then erect in the jobsite 預(yù)制前仔細(xì)核對(duì)單線圖與平面圖，核對(duì)基礎(chǔ)、設(shè)備、管架、預(yù)埋件、預(yù)留孔是否正確，對(duì)于最后封閉的管段應(yīng)考慮組焊位置和調(diào)節(jié)裕量。After checked qualified ,the piping material shall be identified with different color tags ,which can avoid mistake of material utilization and make a convenience for supervisor checking and assurance .Two tags shall be made on the clear area of every kind of piping fittings and general tags shall be made on every kind of tube material and shape steel.6 管道的預(yù)制加工 Piping prefabrication and processing 、材料管理、設(shè)備管理的工作負(fù)擔(dān)，搞好文明施工，開(kāi)辟第二現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，設(shè)置管道預(yù)制場(chǎng)地，進(jìn)行管道的工廠化、產(chǎn)品化的預(yù)制加工，而后再在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)進(jìn)行安裝。防止施工過(guò)程用錯(cuò)材料，并方便檢查人員監(jiān)查確認(rèn)。Constant pressure of safety valves should be adjusted according to the document regulations and +/3% deviation is permitted. We will use different mediums as follows according to the specified conditions: Using nitrogen first in case of air in the piping . Using liquid in case of liquid in the piping. The pressure should be stable when adjusting and every safety valve should be opened and closed three times. The up and down pressure should be clear without internal and external leakage. Because the pressure deviation between safety valves ingress and egress is relative far ,the pressure is less than its constant pressure in density test .in this condition, the leakage is not permitted and the labels can be made on safety valve ingress and egress for visual check. 質(zhì)量檢驗(yàn)人員均對(duì)檢驗(yàn)過(guò)程做出詳實(shí)的檢驗(yàn)記錄，以備隨時(shí)查證。要求起跳壓力明顯，無(wú)前漏、后漏現(xiàn)象。調(diào)試介質(zhì)：管道內(nèi)介質(zhì)為氣體時(shí)，優(yōu)先酇用氮?dú)庹{(diào)試；管道內(nèi)介質(zhì)為液體時(shí)，應(yīng)使用液體調(diào)試。 Internal water in the valve acceptable should be drained in time and density area should be dried and coated with rust preventive oil. The valve should be closed .The egress and ingress should be closed.，允許偏差為177。 As for the gate valve with nominal diameter more than 600 and nominal pressure less than 1Mpa, When doing the shell pressure test, It is better to examine according to the system testing pressure. Slide plate may use the color papers for testing and the continuation area should be continued. ，不合格時(shí)該批閥門(mén)不得使用。Valves shell tested pressure should be times of nominal pressure , and the test should last 5 minutes, It will be qualified in the case of shell and packing be free from leakage.圖31 閥門(mén)檢驗(yàn)、試驗(yàn)工藝流程圖 Drawing 31 Valve Inspection and Test Flow Plan閥門(mén)外觀質(zhì)量檢查valve configuration quality inspection質(zhì)量證明文件核查、確認(rèn)Review and Confirmation of Qualification Documentqiquuqq成立閥門(mén)檢驗(yàn)、試驗(yàn)小組Setting Up valve inspection and test group嚴(yán)密性試驗(yàn)Pressure test強(qiáng)度試驗(yàn)intensity test 不合格unqualified檢驗(yàn)、試驗(yàn)狀態(tài)標(biāo)識(shí)Inspection ,test situation identification工裝設(shè)計(jì)制作檢驗(yàn)場(chǎng)地準(zhǔn)備Process assembly design and fabrication inspection yard preparation yard 編制技術(shù)措施并進(jìn)行技術(shù)交底Prepared Technique and Transfer it 不合格品處置Nonqualified production disposal合格交付安裝Erection available合格、節(jié)流閥外，閥門(mén)的密封試驗(yàn)宜以公稱壓力進(jìn)行，以閥瓣密封面不泄漏為合格。 10% of valves shall be take for