【正文】 inated. In the morning I used to start out in a southerly direction up the glorious road to Zoagli, which rises aloft through a forest of pines and gives one a view far out into the sea. In the afternoon, as often as my health permitted, I walked round the whole bay from Santa Margherita to beyond Porto Fino. This spot was all the more interesting to me, inasmuch as it was so dearly loved by the Emperor Frederick III. In the autumn of 1886 I chanced to be there again when he was revisiting this small, forgotten world of happiness for the last time. It was on these two roads that all 39。 and yet in spite of it all, and as if in demonstration of my belief that everything decisive es to life in spite of every obstacle, it was precisely during this winter and in the midst of these unfavourable circumstances that my 39。 the winter was cold and exceptionally rainy。 and for the first time in his life he realised the whole horror of that loneliness to which, perhaps, all greatness is condemned. But to be forsaken is something very different from deliberately choosing blessed loneliness. How he longed, in those days, for the ideal friend who would thoroughly understand him, to whom he would be able to say all, and whom he imagined he had found at various periods in his life from his earliest youth onwards. Now, however, that the way he had chosen grew ever more perilous and steep, he found nobody who could follow him: he therefore created a perfect friend for himself in the ideal form of a majestic philosopher, and made this creation the preacher of his gospel to the world. Whether my brother would ever have written Thus Spake Zarathustra according to the first plan sketched in the summer of 1881, if he had not had the disappointments already referred to, is now an idle question。 left his home in his thirtieth year, went into the province of Aria, and, during ten years of solitude in the mountains, posed the ZendAvesta. The sun of knowledge stands once more at midday。Zarathustra39。 the ideal of a humanly superhuman welfare and benevolence, which will often enough appear INHUMAN, for example, when put alongside of all past seriousness on earth, and alongside of all past solemnities in bearing, word, tone, look, morality, and pursuit, as their truest involuntary parodyand WITH which, nevertheless, perhaps THE GREAT SERIOUSNESS only mences, when the proper interrogative mark is set up, the fate of the soul changes, the hourhand moves, and tragedy begins... Although the figure of Zarathustra and a large number of the leading thoughts in this work had appeared much earlier in the dreams and writings of the author, Thus Spake Zarathustra did not actually e into being until the month of August 1881 in Sils Maria。s RIGHT THERETO: the ideal of a spirit who plays naively (that is to say involuntarily and from overflowing abundance and power) with everything that has hitherto been called holy, good, intangible, or divine。, who, from the adventures of his most personal experience, wants to know how it feels to be a conqueror, and discoverer of the idealas likewise how it is with the artist, the saint, the legislator, the sage, the scholar, the devotee, the prophet, and the godly nonconformist of the old style:requires one thing above all for that purpose, GREAT HEALTHINESSsuch healthiness as one not only possesses, but also constantly acquires and must acquire, because one unceasingly sacrifices it again, and must sacrifice it!And now, after having been long on the way in this fashion, we Argonauts of the ideal, more courageous perhaps than prudent, and often enough shipwrecked and brought to grief, nevertheless dangerously healthy, always healthy again,it would seem as if, in repense for it all, that we have a still undiscovered country before us, the boundaries of which no one has yet seen, a beyond to all countries and corners of the ideal known hitherto, a world so overrich in the beautiful, the strange, the questionable, the frightful, and the divine, that our curiosity as well as our thirst for possession thereof, have got out of handalas! that nothing will now any longer satisfy us! How could we still be content with THE MAN OF THE PRESENT DAY after such outlooks, and with such a craving in our conscience and consciousness? Sad enough。. We, the new, the nameless, the hardtounderstand,it says there,we firstlings of a yet untried futurewe require for a new end also a new means, namely, a new healthiness, stronger, sharper, tougher, bolder and merrier than all