【正文】 d man and he love animals just as I do. I am lucky to have someone who can be both my intimated soul mate and my forever friend. 。s Day on February 14, characterized by bouquets of roses, chocolates and romantic candlelight dinners, than they do about their homegrown day for lovers. Even Qixi is nowadays referred to as the Chinese Valentine39。s misery, the cow told him to turn its hide into a pair of shoes after it died. The magic shoes whisked Niulang, who carried his two children in baskets strung from a shoulder pole, off on a chase after the empress. The pursuit enraged the empress, who took her hairpin and slashed it across the sky creating the Milky Way which separated husband from wife. But all was not lost as magpies, moved by their love and devotion, formed a bridge across the Milky Way to reunite the family. Even the Jade Emperor was touched, and allowed Niulang and Zhinu to meet once a year on the seventh night of the seventh month. This is how Qixi came to be. The festival can be traced back to the Han Dynasty (206 BCAD 220). Traditionally, people would look up at the sky and find a bright star in the constellation Aquila as well as the star Vega, which are identified as Niulang and Zhinu. The two stars shine on opposite sides of the Milky Way. Customs In bygone days, Qixi was not only a special day for lovers, but also for girls. It is also known as the Begging for Skills Festival or Daughters39。s largest virgin forest, and known for its spring and ecological environment, Arxan is marveled at by many tourists as the purest land on earth. You cannot miss out the Autumn of Arxan. It is definitely the best with brightlycolored scenery full of emotions. Autumn in the northern part of the country es earlier than the South. A September rain followed by the footprints of Autumn brings more colors to the once emerald green mountain and blooming grassland. Shutterbugs flock to see for themselves the marvel of splendid colors around the mountains and waters, many of whom have travel a long distance and even camp here only to capture a moment of the nature wonder. The silver birch turns golden, while the larch is still proudly green. You will find yourself drowned in the intoxicating red of the wild fruits as well as the glamour of flowers in full blown. And your heart will be lingering on the woods as it39。 在此衷心地感謝 向老師 ！ 請(qǐng)您刪除一下內(nèi)容， O(∩ _∩ )O 謝謝?。。?Many people have the same mixed feelings when planning a trip during Golden Week. With heaps of time, the sevenday Chinese 請(qǐng)您刪除一下內(nèi)容， O(∩ _∩ )O 謝謝?。?！ National Day holiday could be the best occasion to enjoy a destination. However, it can also be the easiest way to ruin how you feel about a place and you may bee more fatigued after the holiday, due to battling the large crowds. During peak season, a dream about a place can turn to nightmare without careful planning, especially if you travel with children and older people. As most Chinese people will take the holiday to visit domestic tourist destinations, crowds and busy traffic are inevitable at most places. Also to be expected are increasing transport and acmodation prices, with the possibility that there will be no rooms available. It is also mon that you39。 向 老師 嚴(yán)肅的科學(xué)態(tài)度，嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)闹螌W(xué)精神，精益求精的工作作風(fēng)，深深地感染和激勵(lì)著我。 參考文獻(xiàn)： [1]馮夢(mèng)龍 ,古今譚概 [M] 上海 :上海古籍出版社 ,1993 年影印版 . [2]王運(yùn)熙 ,顧易生等 . 中國(guó)文學(xué)批評(píng)史（明代卷） [M].上海： 上海古籍 出版社， 2022 年 . [3]張學(xué)智 ,明代哲學(xué)史 [M]. 北京 : 北京大學(xué) 出版社 ,2022 年 . [4]嵇文甫 ,晚明思想史論 [M].北京：東方出版社 ,1996 年 [5]李贄 ,焚書 因此 ， 在對(duì)《 古今譚概 》的研究中 ， 簡(jiǎn)單地把《 古今譚概 》看成是一部社會(huì)罪惡的暴露性 筆記 小說(shuō) ， 或者說(shuō)成是一部 笑話 之作 ， 都未免失之偏頗 。書中也表達(dá)了馮夢(mèng)龍對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)的關(guān)心，對(duì)經(jīng)世救民的用心，這與當(dāng)時(shí)正在抬頭的經(jīng)世濟(jì)民的思潮是分不開(kāi)的。正因?yàn)樗闹杏羞@個(gè)教化世人的目的，所以對(duì)于書中所選事件，大多進(jìn)行了或褒或貶、或笑可罵的批評(píng)或指摘，讓人有所得益。所以他在第一部“迂腐部”的序中的結(jié)尾寫道：“??吾亦及之，正欲后學(xué)大開(kāi)眼孔，好做事業(yè)。他要借此書對(duì)世間百態(tài)的描寫，要世人有自己的取舍。這個(gè)作用是同“四書五經(jīng)”等等儒家經(jīng)典作品是一樣?！倍纸又鴮懙溃骸胺蚬艁?lái)筆 乘，孰非戲本，只少一副響鑼鼓耳。這正是對(duì)通俗文學(xué)教化作用的一種肯定，也是能通俗文學(xué)的一種肯定。 馮夢(mèng)龍的《古今譚概》的“文戲部”就說(shuō)：“迂士主文而諱戲，俗士逐戲而廢文??尼父之戲也以俎豆，晦翁之戲也以八卦，視之為戲，則文之興益豪，或亦砭過(guò)鍼俗之一助云爾。其實(shí)這也從一個(gè)側(cè)面反映了，馮夢(mèng)龍寫做 這本《古今譚概》，是要把史傳性和通俗性統(tǒng)一起來(lái)，用“俗”這個(gè)載體，來(lái)寫自己內(nèi)心的“史”。才寥寥七八個(gè)字，但是把那些道學(xué)家的荒謬之處顯露無(wú)遺，同時(shí)又讓人讀來(lái)就覺(jué)得趣味。 在語(yǔ)言上，《古今譚概》文字多為淺顯的文言文，尤其是在馮夢(mèng)龍自己寫的各部之序和一些評(píng)語(yǔ)中，更是充滿著機(jī)智和趣味，用語(yǔ)不多而回味無(wú)窮。 所以在這部書中，故事都含蓄而有味，不僅僅是笑話，更是一種幽默?！痹谄渲校麑?duì)于“癡 ” 也頗多欣賞。在《古今譚概》中“癡絕部”的序言里，馮夢(mèng)龍寫道：“虎頭三絕，癡居一焉。他們不再追求那種完美的圣人人格 ,更加欣賞有個(gè)性的狂狷癖病的文人才子人格。在《明代文學(xué)批評(píng)史》一書中，也這樣說(shuō)：“馮夢(mèng)龍輯有笑話集《笑府》、《廣笑府》和《古今譚概》。早在清初康熙年間，朱石鐘、朱姜玉、朱富聲兄弟對(duì)《古今談概》一書進(jìn)行了刪削，就認(rèn)為這本書“網(wǎng)羅之事，盡屬詼諧，求為正色而談?wù)撸俨坏靡?，名為談概，?shí)則笑府”， [13]就把這本書易名為《古今笑》進(jìn)行了重刊。 正因?yàn)橛辛诉@種對(duì)于變化的肯定，也就有著對(duì)文學(xué)通俗性的重視，所以馮夢(mèng)龍?jiān)诰帉憽豆沤褡T概》時(shí)，就充 分考慮到了這種原則，在史事的通俗化和趣味化、語(yǔ)言的幽默風(fēng)趣上就有著很明顯地考慮和體現(xiàn)。文學(xué)的發(fā)展 ,文體的變化 ,都是隨著性情的變化而變化。這對(duì)提高通俗作品的地位，起了重大作用。他大膽地打破封建士大夫?qū)ξ膶W(xué)的傳統(tǒng)偏見(jiàn)，大力推崇《西廂記》、《水滸傳》等通俗文學(xué)，認(rèn)為是一種“至文”，而且以極大的熱情評(píng)點(diǎn)過(guò)《水滸傳》、《三國(guó)志通俗演義》、《琵琶記》、《幽 閨記》等等，實(shí)為我國(guó)通俗文學(xué)最初的研究家和批評(píng)家?！?[12]他甚至認(rèn)為“六經(jīng)語(yǔ)孟”，“不可以為萬(wàn)世之至論”，“不可以語(yǔ)于童心之言”。因此，他認(rèn)為文學(xué)只有真假問(wèn)題，不得以時(shí)勢(shì)先后論優(yōu)劣。對(duì)于文學(xué)，李贄持有與傳統(tǒng)的文學(xué)思想根本不同的見(jiàn)解。他們都希望以此來(lái)引起更多讀者的興致和興趣?！八住笔钱?dāng)時(shí)時(shí)代的風(fēng)尚。這一時(shí)期俗文學(xué)的創(chuàng)作達(dá)到了高峰。 雅人 “ 俗 ” 趣 在明代后期市民 階層興起促使俗文學(xué)的發(fā)展。這兩個(gè)方面正是史家“不平則鳴”和“據(jù)事直書”的體現(xiàn)，這也正是現(xiàn)實(shí)主義經(jīng)世致用的體現(xiàn)。他所做的這一切，就是要還世界一個(gè)清平，還人間一個(gè)太平?！?[11]然而他的內(nèi)心，卻正是要通過(guò)自己對(duì)古今的“史家之談”，達(dá)到反映現(xiàn)實(shí)，揭露現(xiàn)實(shí)中一切不合理的事物。現(xiàn)實(shí)有太 多的可氣、可恨、可嘆、可笑之事，官場(chǎng)的腐敗糜爛，官員的迂腐貪婪，宦官的獨(dú)斷專權(quán)，世人的為“禮”所縛??當(dāng)時(shí)明代社會(huì)的種種丑相，在他的《古今譚概》都有所反映。他的用意也是有著很明顯的影射。他們“自謂一世之英雄，孰知乃千古之愚人”。在明代后期，皇帝信道成風(fēng)，盲目地迷信成仙， 渴望長(zhǎng)壽，追求長(zhǎng)生不老。”其實(shí)做人還是要清心寡欲，少一些內(nèi)心的貪求，就少了一些人生的痛苦。富貴之迷人如此哉！富貴不已則思?jí)?，壽不已則思仙。太過(guò)貪