【正文】
social investments are important source of educational development. The Outline reemphasizes the diversification of investment channels. Company Logo 完善教育投入機(jī)制政策的考慮 ? 主要有兩個方面:一是要求各地制定各級學(xué)校生均經(jīng)費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和生均財政撥款標(biāo)準(zhǔn),二是進(jìn)一步明確政府在各級教育中的投入責(zé)任。 ? 中國政府的收入中,有近 1/3沒有納入預(yù)算管理,因此 《 規(guī)劃綱要 》 提出,要統(tǒng)籌政府的各項(xiàng)收入,把教育作為財政支出的重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域優(yōu)先予以保障。 二、 《 規(guī)劃綱要 》 確定教育財政政策的考慮 增加教育投入政策的考慮與討論 完善教育投入機(jī)制政策的考慮 加強(qiáng)教育經(jīng)費(fèi)管理政策的考慮 完善學(xué)生資助體系政策的考慮 Company Logo ( 4) Improve the Financial Aid System No only improving the existent aid policies for pulsory, middleschool level vocational, and higher educations, but also expand the aids to preschool and general upper high school educations B. Concerns on the Finance Policies in the Outline On increasing the investment On enhancing the mechanism On strengthening the fund management On improving the financial aid system Company Logo 增加教育投入政策的考慮與討論 ? 教育經(jīng)費(fèi)不足是中國教育發(fā)展中長期存在的問題。 ? 建立經(jīng)費(fèi)使用績效評價制度,加強(qiáng)重大項(xiàng)目經(jīng)費(fèi)使用的考評。 ? 設(shè)立高等教育撥款咨詢委員會,增強(qiáng)經(jīng)費(fèi)分配的科學(xué)性。 ? 各地應(yīng)根據(jù)國家辦學(xué)條件基本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和教育教學(xué)基本需要,制定并逐步提高區(qū)域內(nèi)各級學(xué)校學(xué)生人均經(jīng)費(fèi)基本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和學(xué)生人均財政撥款基本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 Company Logo Education Finance Policies in the Outline ? Chapter 18 in Part 4 of the Outline presents three measures to guarantee the education expenditure: ( 1) Increase Education Investment ? Improve the budget structure, make overall plans of government revenues, and give priority to guarantee the expenditure on education. ? Government financial expenditure achieve 4% of the GDP in 2020 ? Make use of multiresources and expand the channels of education investment Company Logo 《 規(guī)劃綱要 》 中教育財政政策的規(guī)定 ( 2)完善投入機(jī)制 ? 進(jìn)一步明確各級政府提供公共教育服務(wù)的職責(zé),完善各級教育經(jīng)費(fèi)投入機(jī)制,保障學(xué)校辦學(xué)經(jīng)費(fèi)的穩(wěn)定來源和增長。 ? 提高國家財政性教育經(jīng)費(fèi)支出占國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值( GDP)的比例, 2020年達(dá)到 4%。 幼兒教育 政府投入很少,占公共教育經(jīng)費(fèi) %左右,主要是區(qū)縣和街道、鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府的投入 義務(wù)教育 2020年后實(shí)行省級政府統(tǒng)籌,但總體上還是區(qū)、縣政府負(fù)擔(dān)為主 高中階段教育 長期由區(qū)、縣政府承擔(dān) 高等教育 以省級政府為主,中央和地市級政府負(fù)擔(dān)為輔 Company Logo Characteristics of the Current Education Finance System (2)The five levels of governments all have responsibility on the investment of public education ? There is no explicit statement about which level of the government is responsible to the finance of what education. Usually it is the government that set up the schools in charge of the finance. Preschool Only % of the total public education expenditure. Mainly the county and town level taking responsibility Compulsory Managed by the provincial governments after, but the burdens are still on county and town Upper High School On district and county governments Higher Education Mainly on provincial governments, but also central and local governments Company Logo 《 規(guī)劃綱要 》 中教育財政政策的規(guī)定 ? 《 規(guī)劃綱要 》 第四部分 “ 保障措施 ” 中第十八章的標(biāo)題為 “ 保障教育經(jīng)費(fèi)投入 ” 。 ? 2020年中國教育事業(yè)發(fā)展的主要指標(biāo) (部分 ): 2020年 2020年 2020年 學(xué)前教育 幼兒在園人數(shù)(萬人) 2658 3530 4000 學(xué)前一年毛入園率(%) 學(xué)前二年毛入園率(%) 學(xué)前三年毛入園率(%) Company Logo ? The Chinese government issued the Outline in July 2020 ? It mention that China should achieve the educational modernization, bee a Studytype society, and bee a country with good human capital stock ? Some indexes: 2020 2020 2020 Preschool Education Kindergarten (10,000) 2658 3530 4000 1 year preschool enrollment(%) 2 year