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[高二英語]高中英語期末復(fù)習二-文庫吧資料

2025-01-17 00:49本頁面
  

【正文】 副詞作賓補 Last Sunday I saw you out with your sister. 上個星期天我看到你和你妹妹在外面。 二、常見的賓補 : 名詞作賓補 She found him a very clever boy. 她發(fā)現(xiàn)他是個聰明的男孩。 I heard him singing. 我聽到他在唱歌。 賓語補足語 一、作用:對賓語(的狀態(tài),特征,動作)進行補充說明。當被限定的名詞是從句邏輯上的賓語時, that可省略) The news that they won the match is true. (同位語從句 , news和從句沒有邏輯關(guān)系 , that不可省略) 他們贏得比賽的消息是真的。 ③ 從內(nèi)涵上講,前者所說明的名詞與從句沒有邏輯關(guān)系, that 不可省略。 同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別: ① 從意義上講,前者對名詞加以解釋說明,后者對名詞進行修飾限定。 I have no idea that you were here. 我不知道你在這兒。 He doesn’t doubt that his mother will give him a ride home for sure. 他毫不懷疑他媽媽一定會接他回家的。 I doubt if (whether) you will e for a visit tomorrow. 我懷疑你明天是否來參觀。 d. 作 discuss 的賓語 We are discussing whether we will hold a meeting this weekend. 我們正在討論這個周末是否開會。 b. Whether +to do I’m not sure whether to leave this afternoon. 我不確定下午是否離開。 作形容詞的賓語: I’m afraid that I have made a mistake. 我恐怕我自己犯了個錯誤。 Your article is good except that it is too long. 你的文章很好就是太長了。 在 think, believe, imagine, suppose, guess, hope 等動詞以及 I’m afraid等后,可用 so 代替一個肯定的賓語從句,還可用 not 代替一個否定的賓語從句: Do you believe it will clear up? I believe so. (I don’t believe so. / I believe not.) 你相信天會轉(zhuǎn)晴嗎?我相信會的。 在 think, believe, suppose, expect 等 在前否定 動詞后的賓語從句中,如果從句謂語是否定含義,則不用否定形式,而將主句謂語動詞 think 等變?yōu)榉穸ㄐ问健? 如果賓語從句后有賓語補足語,要用形式賓語 it,而將從句放到補足語后面。 在動詞 suggest, order, demand, require 等表示建議、命令、要求的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣 (賓語從句的謂語用 should+動詞原形, should 可省略。 三、賓語從句:作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。 He acted as if he hadn’t eaten for a long time. 他表現(xiàn)就好像他沒有吃那么長時間似的。 The reason for his absence was that he was ill. (此處不能用 because 代替 that. 句型: The reason…is that…) 他缺席的原因是他生病了。 This is why we put off the meeting. ( why 表結(jié)果) 這就是為什么我們推遲會議的原因了。它位于連系動詞(如 be, seem, remain 等后) The question is whether we should accept their invitation. 問題是我們是否應(yīng)該接受他們的邀請。 It is possible that I may not be able to e.( it 是形式主語,真正的主語是劃線部分) 我有可能來不了。 Whoever es will be wele. (whoever 在名詞性從句中相當于 anyone who ) 任何人來都歡迎。 Why he did that wasn’t quite clear. 他為什么那樣做不是太清楚。 Who will go makes no difference. 誰去都一樣,沒啥 區(qū)別。 常見的用 it 作形式主語的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu): ① It is +名詞+ that 從句; ② It is+形容詞+ that 從句; ③ It is +過去分詞+ that 從句; ④ It +不及物動詞+ that 從句; What you need is more practice.(what 在從句中作 need 的賓語 ) 你所需要的就是多鍛煉 . What is hard is to do good all one’s life and never do anything bad.( what 在從句中作主語) 一個人想一輩子只做好事從不做壞事是很難的。 一、主語從句:用作主語的從句,叫主語從句。 名詞性從句注意事項: ① 從句的語序為陳述句; ② 連詞 that 不充當任何成分; what 總是要充當主語、表語、賓語等。 wherever。 whatever。 if 。how。 where。 which。 whose。 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連詞有: who。 名詞從句的功能相當于名詞詞組 , 它在復(fù)合句中能擔任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等。 It is time that children should go to bed. = It is time that children went to bed. 孩子睡覺的時間到了。 It is time for you to go to school. 你上學(xué)的時間到了。常譯為 “是(正是) ……的時侯 ……” 。 11. it is time… 表示 “該是 …… 的時候了 ”。 They missed the bus so that they were late for class. 他們錯過了公共汽車以至于上課遲到了。 一般來說, so that 引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句, , 但也可以引導(dǎo)表示結(jié)果的狀語從句,表示 “以至于 ……” 。 10. so that so that 引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句,表示 “為的是 ……” , “以便 ……” He spoke at the top of his voice, so that everybody could hear him. 他大聲說話,以便讓每個人聽見他。如: Upon/On whose authority are you putting these posters here? 你們得到誰的許可在這兒貼廣告 ? Upon/On hearing the news, I changed my plans. (= As soon as I heard the news, I changed my plans.) 一聽到這個消息,我就改變了計劃。可以和 On 替換使用。如: I lent him 5 pounds in order that he might buy the book. 我借給他 5 英鎊以便讓他買這本書。 He works hard in order to succeed. 他為了成功努力工作。 8. in order to 為了 …… 常用來引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。 All these years they have been contributing articles to our magazine. 這些年來,他們一直為我們雜志寫稿。 (表示剛剛結(jié)束的動作 ) We have looked for him, but haven’t found him. 我們找過他,但沒有找到他。 現(xiàn)在完成時表示已經(jīng)結(jié)束的動作,強調(diào)動作的結(jié)果。 (還在讀 ) I have read that book before. 以前我曾讀過那本書。 (仍在 ) I have written an article. 我已寫好一篇文章。 現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動作現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成或表示曾經(jīng)發(fā)生過。 How long has it been raining? 雨下了多久了 ? They have been fighting for independence since 1960s. 他們從 60 年代以來一直為獨立而斗爭?,F(xiàn)在這個動作可能剛剛終止 ,也可能仍在進行。 I weigh less than I used to. 我的體重比以前輕了。 You’ll get used to it. 你會習慣的。 Are you used to the food here? 你習慣吃這兒的飯菜嗎? I’m used to reading in the coffee house. 我習慣了在咖啡館里看書。 Coal is mostly used to produce electricity. 煤主要用來發(fā)電。 I used to get up early and take an hour’s walk before breakfast. 我過去常常起床很早并且在早餐前散步一小時。 6. be used to used to do(動詞 ) 過去曾經(jīng)做過某事 be used to do 被用來做某事 be used to(介詞 ) to doing 習慣于做某事 如 : Jack used to assist Mary in her lessons. 杰克過去常常幫助瑪麗學(xué)習功課。 I have neither called nor written to him. 我既沒打電話給他也沒寫信給他。(我父親和我都不喜歡看電視。 Either you are wrong or he is (wrong). 要么是你錯了,要么就是他錯了。 Either rade Li or I am to meet them at the station. 不是李同志就是我要去車站見他們。 either…or“ 或者 …… 或者 ” , “要么 …… 要么 ”,連接主語時,謂語的數(shù)由離它最近的主語決定,它也要修飾對等成分。 She not only finished the task ahead of time, ( but also ) she came to help us. 她不僅提前完成了任務(wù),還來幫助我們。如: I not only heard it but ( also ) saw it. 我不僅聽到了還看到了。如: The area was not only hit by an unexpected heavy rain, but some bridges were also washed away. 這個地區(qū)不僅遭受了暴雨的襲擊,一些橋也被沖毀了。如: Not only the students but also the teacher was against the plan. / Not only the teacher but also the students were against the plan. 不僅是老 師反對這個計劃,學(xué)生也反對。如: 誤: They don’t fear not only hardship but also death. 正: They fear neither hardship nor death. 正: They don’t fear either hardship or death. 他們不怕困難也不怕死。 Not only is this young man clever but also he is hardworking. 這個年輕人不僅聰明還很用功。如: Not only does the sun give us light but also it gives us heat. 太陽不僅給我們光還給了我們熱。 She not only sings well but also dances beautifully. = She doesn
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