【正文】 E, a reliability point estimate that is consistent with the reliability growth curve, a。E requested IDA to conduct a survey of military programs in each of the past five years to determine the extent to which reliabilityfocused policy guidance is being implemented and to assess whether it is leading to improved developed a survey and distributed it to research staff members that are subject matter experts on the programs of topics included questions on the program’s reliability growth plan,plans for tracking reliability during development, whether the program has a process of calculating the reliability growth potential, and questions on reliability performance in survey questions are listed in Table most questions, respondents were required to answer “yes,” “no”, or“unknown.”Respondents were also provided with opportunities to enter ments for each most recent survey was conducted in 2013 and focused on programs that submitted a Test and Evaluation Master Plan(TEMP)to DOTamp。E is adequate to confirm operational effectiveness and suitability of the defense system in bat use [1].Data from DOTamp。E)in the amp。E oversight since 2009 to provide a continuing understanding of the extent to which military programs are implementing reliabilityfocused DoD policy guidance and assess whether the implementation of this guidance is leading to improved paper provides an assessment of the survey survey results support the understanding that systems with a prehensive reliability growth program are more likely to meet reliability goals in particular,the results show the importance of establishing and meeting Reliability, Availability, and Maintainability(RAM)entrance criteria before proceeding to operational testing(OT).While many programs did not establish or meet RAM entrance criteria, those that did were far more likely to demonstrate reliability at or above the required value during of effective RAM entrance criteria include(1)demonstrating in the last developmental test event prior to the OT a reliability point estimate that is consistent with the reliability growth curve, and(2)for automated information systems and softwareintensive sensor and weapons systems, ensuring that there are no open Category 1 or 2 deficiency reports prior to is also evidence that having intermediate goals linked to the reliability growth curve improves the chance of meeting RAM entrance survey results also indicate that programs are increasingly incorporating reliabilityfocused policy guidance,but despite these policy implementation improvements, many programs still fail to reach reliability other words, the policies have not yet proven effective at improving reliability reasons programs fail to reach reliability goals include inadequate requirements, unrealistic assumptions, lack of a design for reliability effort, and failure to employ a prehensive reliability growth the DoD is in a period of new policy that emphasizes good reliability growth principles, without a consistent implementation of those principles, the reliability trend will likely remain the future, programs need to do a better job incorporating a robust design and reliability growth program from the beginning that includes the design for reliability tenets described in the ANSI/GEIASTD0009, “Reliability Program Standard for Systems Design, Development, and Manufacturing.” Programs that follow this practice are more likely to be should be a greater emphasis on ensuring that reliability requirements are achievable, and reliability expectations during each phase of development are supported by realistic assumptions that are linked with systems engineering should also establish RAM entrance criteria and ensure these criteria are met prior to proceeding to the next test program’s reliability growth curves should be constructed with a series of intermediate goals, with time allowed in the program schedule for testfixtest activities to support achieving those , when sufficient evidence exists to determine that a program’s demonstrated reliability is significantly below the growth curve, that program should develop a path forward to address shortfalls and brief their corrective action plan to the acquisition DOTamp。 CONCLUSIONSImproving the reliability of military systems within the Department of Defense(DoD)is a key results from the last few decades indicate that the DoD has not yet realized significant statistical improvements in the reliability of many , there is evidence that those systems that implemented a prehensive reliability growth program are more likely to meet their development systems cost less overall, are more likely to be available when called upon, and enable a longer system is more effectively and efficiently designed?in early(design for reliability)vice being tested?in more upfront effort is required to build reliable systems, the future savings potential is too great to the request of the Director, Operational Test and Evaluation(DOTamp。通常的免責(zé)聲明適用。應(yīng)答作者要對(duì)這兩個(gè)匿名裁判和主編克里斯圖片不能完全與目的地形象的形成相一致，因?yàn)榇黉N工具在小冊(cè)子和網(wǎng)站像消息和設(shè)計(jì)是眾多而復(fù)雜的。它是一個(gè)可取旅游經(jīng)理,不同的目標(biāo)市場(chǎng)的意見和需求是主要考慮的促銷計(jì)劃避免的概括的發(fā)展。包括文化景觀案例，追求新奇是最重要的旅游激勵(lì)因素。由于旅游業(yè)是獨(dú)特的視覺,照片被認(rèn)為是派拉蒙,成功地創(chuàng)造和交流旅游目的地(作者)。營銷影響舊城鎮(zhèn)文化遺產(chǎn)及旅游潛力常常被充分開發(fā)。開始從以往形象認(rèn)知研究上，通過不同的市場(chǎng)細(xì)分(例如年齡、地理和文化的起源)將幫助您了解如何優(yōu)化旅游目的地促銷,強(qiáng)調(diào)特殊情感和動(dòng)機(jī)。上述變量影響的泛化了研究結(jié)果。此外,我們只考慮了代表特定客群戶游客的意見。因此,其他的研究是需要的這些研究問題的調(diào)查通過涉及其他目的地和其他圖片。從概念的角度來看,我們認(rèn)為只有幾個(gè)旅游變量盡管在事實(shí)上,旅游目的地形象的形成是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的研究領(lǐng)域。這項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)果表明,游客的初步評(píng)估增加目的地形象感知的價(jià)值。在這樣的框架下,旅游經(jīng)理對(duì)地方的熟悉可能消極影響最佳促進(jìn)活動(dòng)識(shí)別。然而,不能稱從旅游的角度來看一些目的地形象沒有價(jià)值。歷史的地方像教堂和紀(jì)念碑中視覺表現(xiàn)的舊城鎮(zhèn)發(fā)揮重要作用主要是因?yàn)閷?duì)有生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人們是很重要的。結(jié)果表明,它們可能代表新的感知刺激并有助于改善當(dāng)?shù)氐穆糜螛I(yè)。因此,給定的交際的重要性的圖片,他們的選擇代表一個(gè)依據(jù),確定最佳實(shí)踐促進(jìn)各種各樣的目的地的吸引力和資產(chǎn)。這個(gè)研究的結(jié)果也反映出那些先前的研究旨在分析照片的角色,他的發(fā)現(xiàn)表明,攝影表示在旅游通常可產(chǎn)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化目的地圖片(作者)。作為這些結(jié)果一個(gè)實(shí)際的后果,比較同一目的地的圖片可以幫助旅游經(jīng)理在發(fā)展新的旨在促進(jìn)阿曼泰阿作為旅游目的地的營銷戰(zhàn)略。隨著動(dòng)機(jī)和渴望的游客越來越更復(fù)雜的并被吸引越來越變成后臺(tái)的現(xiàn)實(shí),消費(fèi)者需求生產(chǎn)的圖片那暴露更多的親密,甚至有爭(zhēng)議的現(xiàn)實(shí)當(dāng)?shù)氐纳?作者)。古森斯(2000)指出,“從享樂的消費(fèi)的觀點(diǎn),本文強(qiáng)調(diào)了“快樂價(jià)值”,并定義了作為一個(gè)心理狀態(tài)的參與動(dòng)機(jī)在一個(gè)點(diǎn)上時(shí)間特征的認(rèn)知和情感的自我刺激的好處”(第306頁)。這些結(jié)果是按照之前的研究表明當(dāng)旅游目的地是積極的感知到的,它影響受試者在個(gè)人的動(dòng)機(jī)和決策方面的行為(作者)。兩類圖片在來這些地方度假和發(fā)照片有同樣的動(dòng)機(jī)。至于參觀第一類圖片影響受訪者歷史吸引力方面的動(dòng)機(jī)。在這樣的框架下,目前的研究還貢