【正文】 例如： There were rows of white houses with trees in front of them.(“with+復(fù)合賓語”結(jié)構(gòu),在句中作定語)A strong man working a whole day could not jump this high.(名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu),作主語)The boy said,turning to the man,his eyes opened wide and his hand raised.(獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu),表示伴隨狀況或行為方式,作狀語)Then last night,I followed him here,and climbed in,sword in hand.(名詞+介詞短語構(gòu)成的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu),作狀語,表示伴隨情況)board, she went out to get something to eat.(without+代詞+過去分詞,作為原因狀語) received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _______, he gladly accepted it.（2007 安徽） finished finished on, please give me some ideas about the so much work _______ my mind, I almost break down.(2007 福建) fill filled couldn’t do my homework with all that noise _______.（2005 北京） on on on go on two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.(2004 北京) for D/ Because of was a pity that the great writer died _______ his works unfinished.(2004 福建) young woman _______ a baby sleeping in her arms was wandering in the should go to sleep with the light turned so many homework to do, Mary won’t have time to play with her friends this the door open, the noise of the machines is almost of his mother out, he had to stay at home all things considered, her proposal is of greater than his time permitting, we will visit the Summer 參考答案：15ABAAB 612ABBCDBC 文 章來源。在句法功能上,with結(jié)構(gòu)可以作定語,獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)則不能；獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)通常在句中作狀語,但也可以作主語,而with結(jié)構(gòu)則不能。在一般的with短語中,with后面所跟的不是復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),也根本沒有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。例如： With the boy leading the way,we found he house easily.(小男孩已領(lǐng)過路)With the boy to lead the way,we will find the house easily tomorrow.(小男孩明天將領(lǐng)路)He lay on the bed with the bedroom door shut.(寢室被關(guān)著)： with結(jié)構(gòu)具有上述功能和特點,而“介詞with+名詞或代詞(組)”組成的一般的with短語在句子中可以作定語和狀語。若with結(jié)構(gòu)作定語,則放在所修飾的名詞之后,一般不用逗號隔開。例如： With him taken care of,we felt quite relieved.(欣慰)→(He was taken good care of.)She fell asleep with the light burning.→(The light was burning.)With her hair gone,there could be no use for them.→(Her hair was gone.),第一部分為人稱代詞時,則該用賓格代詞。例如： like eating the mooncakes with space the earth looks like a huge watercovered globe with a few patches of land sticking out above the little boy with two of his front teeth missing ran into the 、with結(jié)構(gòu)的特點+復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成。)The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his 、He lay in the dark empty house,with not a man ,woman or child to say he was kind to me.(with+名詞+不定式,作伴隨狀語)He could not finish it without me to help him.(without+代詞 +不定式,作條件狀語)She fell asleep with the light burning.(with+名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞 ,作伴隨狀語)Without anything left in the cupboard, shewent out to get something to eat.(without+代詞+過去分詞,作為原因狀語)二、with結(jié)構(gòu)的用法在句子中with結(jié)構(gòu)多數(shù)充當狀語,表示行為方式,伴隨情況、時間、原因或條件(詳見上述例句)。下面分別舉例：She came into the room,with her nose red because of cold.(with+名詞+形容詞,作伴隨狀語)With the meal over , we all went home.(with+名詞+副詞,作時間狀語)The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。一、with結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成 它是由介詞with或without+復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成,復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作介詞with或without的復(fù)合賓語,復(fù)合賓語中第一部分賓語由名詞或代詞充當,第二部分補足語由形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式或分詞充當,分詞可以是現(xiàn)在分詞,也可以是過去分詞。學(xué)好它對學(xué)好復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)、不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、動名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)和獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)均能起很重要的作用。五、比較狀語從句中的省略She can play the piano just as wonderfully as you(do).她鋼琴彈的我你彈的一樣好。四、讓步狀語從句中的省略He is a good man, though sometimes(he is)rather ，盡管有時有點無聊。There are few people nowadays, if(there are)any, who remember 。Come along with me if(it is).。He will e if(he is)，他就來。三、條件狀語從句中的省略常用的句型是：if necessary, if possible, if true, if anyone等。我們不可說As walking, she found a nice shining thing on the 、地點狀語從句中的省略地點狀語從句的省略常用下列結(jié)構(gòu)：where(ver)possible, where(ver)necessary，Lay these books where possible you can find them 。You should let us know the result as soon as(it is)。Don’t e in until(you are)asked 。When arriving, send me a telegram.(When you arrive, send me a telegram.)到達之后，來個電報。各種狀語從句的省略現(xiàn)象列舉如下：一、時間狀語從句中的省略When(she was)very young, she began to learn to play the ，就開始學(xué)習(xí)彈鋼琴。如：Unless(it is)necessary ,you39。⑤ 連詞(when ,if ,even if ,unless ,once ,until, than , as)+ 過去分詞如：The exhibition is more interesting than(it was)⑥ 連詞(as if ,as though)+ 不定式如：Olympic gold medallist hurdler Liu Xiang opened his lips as if(he were)to 。③連詞(whether, as if ,while)+介詞短語如：He looked everywhere as if(he was)in search of 。②連詞（though, whether , when）+形容詞如：Work hard when(you are)young ,or you39。The window that/which was broken yesterday was…..昨天被打破的玻璃今早被修好了The sold hamburgers are not to my hamburgers sold in this chain are not to…..這家連鎖店賣的漢堡不適合我的口味 The hamburgers that/which are sold in this chain are not to….The arrived guests will be led in.（此過去分詞表示完成）The guests arrived just now will….剛到的客人將會被帶進來 The guests who arrived just now will be….The book that was written by Wang sells book written by Wang sells tie that is worn by our head is made in tie worn by our head is made in SH The shoes(that were)made in a small factory are of bad 反之，一個定語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)化為分詞做定語的結(jié)構(gòu)The man I introduced to you yesterday had just returned from man introduced to you by me yesterday had just…昨天我給你介紹的那人剛從日本回來He is a man who is loved by He is a man loved by The leaves that have fallen are collected by the fallen leaves are collected…That letter I received last week was from The letter received last week was from Li.【三】狀語從句的省略一般說來省略現(xiàn)象多出現(xiàn)在下列五種狀語從句中：由 when ,while ,as ,before, after , till, until, once等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句；由whether ,if , unless 等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句；由 though , although ,even if ,whatever等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句；由 as ,than 等引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句；由as, as if , as though 等引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句。They lived in a house that faced the man wearing a red tie is our man who wears a red tie(