【正文】 Commissioned by Dov Seidman, boss of LRN, a firm that advises on corporate culture, andauthor of How ，LRN的老板、同時也是《怎么做到的?》a book arguing that the way firms do business matters as much as what they do, andconducted by the Boston Research Group, the National Governance, Culture and LeadershipAssessment is based on a survey of thousands of American employees, from every rung ofthe corporate ?塞德曼委托波士頓研究集團進行這項 國家治理、文化和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力評估 的研究，該研究是以對來自公司各個級別的數(shù)千位美國雇員的調(diào)查為基礎(chǔ)的。Nearly every big firm claims to be building a more caring and ethical 幾乎每一家大型企業(yè)都宣稱自身正在發(fā)展更為關(guān)懷體貼、合乎道德的企業(yè)文化。PepsiCo has started preaching a creed of performance with ： 目的性績效。and is trying to instil a valuesbased culture, in which employees can be trusted to do theright thing because they know what the firm stands ，沃爾瑪正嘗試逐漸培養(yǎng)一種以價值觀為基礎(chǔ)的公司文化，在這種文化中，員工了解公司的主張，所以能夠得到公司的信任，去做他們認為正確的事情。AS WALMART grew into the world s largest retailer, its staff were subjected to a long list ofdos and don ts covering every aspect of their ，其員工在工作的各方各面都受到了一大堆規(guī)則的限制。對于美國航天員來說，他們所能做的就是祈禱他們熱衷的任務(wù)沒有被拖延或者取消將來讓望遠鏡走上正軌。在它發(fā)射之后因為一個鏡片晃動造成像模糊而被諷刺是毫無用處的，并且一個用航天飛機來完成這樣一個修理任務(wù)要花費上億美元，但是據(jù)它隨后傳回的數(shù)據(jù)來看，很少有人會吝嗇這筆錢。它也能對尋找太陽系外的行星提供幫助。The JWST, if it does eventually fly, would surely do some spectacular size ofits mirror25 square metres, as against Hubble s —and the location of its orbit far from thereflected light of Earth will allow it to study some of the earliest events in the universe, including the formation of the first will also help with thesearch for extrasolar ，將要成為科學(xué)界的壯舉。大多數(shù)的硬件已經(jīng)開發(fā)完成，因此，他們認為取消他它將意味著前功盡棄。接下來一系列的其他小項目也將遇到相同的困境。該望遠鏡為了探究宇宙 暗能量 的本質(zhì)而設(shè)計，而 暗能量 被認為是加快宇宙膨脹的主要原因。盡管航天局發(fā)布消息說其他項目將僅僅被推遲，但是仍然存在一些項目被完全終止的可怕結(jié)果。在9月1日，在望遠鏡保護人的游說下，眾議院通過了恢復(fù)望遠鏡基金的議案。但是隨著公共花費削減正隱隱約約呈現(xiàn)并且對NASA未來的預(yù)期并不景氣，它正造成真的擔(dān)憂。這臺名為JWST的新機器仍然還在工作間，并且它的發(fā)射日期一再被推演，按照以往的經(jīng)驗推測，這筆預(yù)算還會繼續(xù)增加。這個繼任者計劃在2010年起飛，而且只花25億美元，因此當(dāng)時很容易就通過了。哈勃望遠鏡所提供的美妙圖片已經(jīng)將一代又一代人引入天文學(xué)奇觀中去。有助于發(fā)現(xiàn)宇宙趨于加速膨脹的奇特現(xiàn)象。它也產(chǎn)生了一系列科學(xué)成果：證實了大多數(shù)星系中間都有一個黑洞。and helping to uncover the strangefact that the expansion of the universe seems to be beyond the science,it has also been a publicrelations beautiful images have introduced a generation tothe wonders of 。二．A shiny new telescope is crowding out NASA s other science missions一個引人矚目的望遠鏡把其他科研項目擠出NASA的預(yù)算THE Hubble space telescope, an orbiting observatory launched in 1990 by NASA, America 可銳教育官網(wǎng)sspace agency, has been one of that agency s most successful missions since the Apollo moonshots in the 1960s and has produced a string of scientific achievements: confirmingthat most galaxies have a black hole in the middle。正如安保行業(yè)的格言所說，人們是最脆弱的環(huán)節(jié)。據(jù)賽門鐵克觀察發(fā)現(xiàn)，2010年之前，沒有任何網(wǎng)絡(luò)受到過針對性攻擊，后來，旨在攻擊企業(yè)控制系統(tǒng)的蠕蟲病毒Stuxnet出現(xiàn)了，這種情況就改變了，去年12月，每天就有154個系統(tǒng)受到這種病毒的攻擊。計算機安全公司賽門鐵克的歐洲分公司技術(shù)總監(jiān)Greg Day說，過去的網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪多多少少有點 隨機性，不法分子只是在到處找尋他們可以突破的漏洞而已。換句話說，大部分花費支付給了另一類行業(yè)：計算機安全保障行業(yè)。The team s report, published this month, shies away from adding up totals, preferring toassess the costs of different types of crime in turn, but es up with much lower 可銳教育官網(wǎng)figurespartly because it discounts Detica s numbers for intellectualproperty theft and espionageentirely, saying they have no obvious of the cost of cybercrime, itconcludes, is indirect, such as spending on antivirus software or other corporate other words, a lot goes on payments by one lot of businesses to another: the putersecurity ，報告避而不談?chuàng)p失總量，卻反過來評估各種網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪造成的不同損失，但是其估算出來的數(shù)據(jù)遠遠偏低——部分原因是他們完全不重視 Detica關(guān)于知識產(chǎn)權(quán)竊取和商業(yè)間諜活動的數(shù)據(jù)，聲稱他們 沒有明顯基礎(chǔ)。他們的業(yè)務(wù)收入達到210億英鎊，大部分涉及偷取商業(yè)機密和行業(yè)間諜活動。在之前提到的事例中，Evan先生的8億美金就算偏高了。公司企業(yè)聲稱他們經(jīng)常受到網(wǎng)絡(luò)攻擊，其形式更甚高明，但他們卻不愿意公布，如果他們的漏洞被盯上的話，他們受入侵的次數(shù)以及受損程度會是多少，估計損失也被低估。INVNT/IP是一家新成立的技術(shù)公司，他的總裁Mark Anderson說： 中國、俄羅斯和其他猖狂進行IP偷竊的國家如今一味發(fā)表聲明以正其身，盡管如此，我們?nèi)匀粋涫芄奈?，因為我們發(fā)現(xiàn)世界上越來越多技術(shù)公司總裁意識到網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全的問題及其對他們公司資產(chǎn)的重要性。聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易委員會稱因受詐騙，數(shù)百萬美元 的資金遭受損失，而溫德姆酒店方面則沒有客戶受害，聯(lián)邦委員會的說法 毫無根據(jù)。Examples and rumours abound of panies being burgled by cyberfrauds, cyberspooks June 26th America s Federal Trade Commission sued WyndhamWorldwide, a hotel group, alleging that security failures at the pany in 2008 and 2009had led to the export of hundreds of thousands of guests paymentcard account numbers toa domain registered in FTC says millions of dollars were lost to says it knows of no customers who lost money and that the FTC s claims are without 、網(wǎng)絡(luò)幽靈或者網(wǎng)絡(luò)惡作劇綁架的例子和傳聞遍地開花。他說，國家和個人罪犯都不懷好意，尤其是國家給予經(jīng)濟支持的網(wǎng)絡(luò)攻擊，使得 部分受我們保護的主要倫敦上市企業(yè) 盈利損失近達 8億英鎊。6月25日，軍情五處的總干事Jonathan Evans在沉默了21個月后首次發(fā)表演講。LIKE blooms on a peculiar plant, speeches by thehead of the British security service are rare。第三篇：2018年可銳考研英語優(yōu)秀閱讀文章賞析可銳教育官網(wǎng)2018年可銳考研英語優(yōu)秀閱讀文章賞析（五）Businesses and cybersecurity商業(yè)活動與網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全A spook 。法巴銀行證券部門的股票交易人Antoine Pradayrol 說，2009年法國電信的股票表現(xiàn)十分甚差，遠遜于歐洲同行?！盬ith its premium products and pricing in France, which provides twothirds of its cashflow,France Tele’s market share and profits are being eroded by newers such as Iliad,which will launch its new mobile service in firm’s shares performed far worse thanthose of its European peers in 2009, says Antoine Pradayrol of Exane BNP Paribas, want to know how Mr Richard will fend off France Tele’s rivals aswell as how he will cheer up its ，法國電信在國內(nèi)的收入占到運作資金的2/3。他以機頂盒舉例，伊里亞特推出的產(chǎn)品只有一種類型，法國電信的同類產(chǎn)品竟有 140種類型，每種類型還有換代產(chǎn)品，大大增加了操作的難度。In the past, says Mr Richard, France Tele, having recruited most of the graduates of theXCorps des Teles, the most elite stream of teles students, “thought there were fewskills or knowledge on teles outside France Tele”.Engineers still tend to call theshots, rather than marketing Iliad offers just one kind of settop box, hepoints out, the equivalent product from France Tele appears in 140 different types andgenerations, resulting in far too much plexity for users.“We must not lose oursuperiority in technology, research and development and innovation,” he says, “but weneed to be more marketingoriented and mindful of customers”.Richard指出，法國電信過去一直聘用名門院校的通信高材生，“認為在技術(shù)智能方面，除了法國電信，再無業(yè)界翹楚。在他的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，法國電信會成長為更具威脅性的對手。Xavier Niel這樣評價Richard：“在把握市場這方面，Didier Lombard遠遜于St233。phane Richard is far more attuned to the market than Didier Lombard,” says Xavier 可銳教育官網(wǎng)Niel,founder of Iliad, a young tele