【正文】
s economic petitiveness. For intelligent vehicles to reach their maximum potential, they must be able to municate with an intelligent transportation infrastructure and with other intelligent vehicles. For example, munication with a smart infrastructure would allow an intelligent vehicle to learn of incidents and then proactively suggest alternative routes in real time. Smart vehicles could also act as probes that could send information about travel conditions back to the infrastructure to create a richer base of knowledge about travel conditions on roads and highways. In addition, fully automated vehicles will likely rely to some extent on the guidance provided by an intelligent infrastructure and on munication with other smart vehicles. For example, in the recent AHS 9 demonstration in San Diego, automated vehicles with magic sensors under their bumpers were guided by mags implanted at meter intervals just below the road surface. Over the next five to 10 years, we should see the first generation with advances in the capabilities of individual driver information and warning systems. These systems will bee increasingly integrated with information coordinated through displays. Drivers will still maintain full control over their vehicles although collisionwarning systems will provide limited automated assistance. In addition, vehicles would have a greater intelligence about road conditions in real time due to rudi mentary munications with an intelligent infrastructure. In about 10 to 15 years, the application of improvements in individual ITS systems will bring on a second generation with more and better intelligence in the vehicle. Although drivers will still maintain full control over their vehicles, collisionavoidance systems could take control temporarily during emergencies. In addition, more sophisticated voice recognition systems will be incorporated within the drivervehicle interface. Vehicles will be able to municate with each other to improve collisionavoidance capabilities. And munications with an intelligent infrastructure will be more interactive. In about 20 years, in the third generation, we could see fully automated highway systems, cooperative systems of vehicles and infrastructure, and advances in the drivervehicle interface, such as use of vision enhancements and headup displays. Looking back on a century inundated by technology, the motor vehicle stands out as a singularly dynamic invention. In the next century, this dynamism will be driven by advances in information and puter technology. Our challenge is to ensure that new information, safety, and automation technologies are integrated to create humancentered intelligent vehicles that can advance safety, surface transportation efficiency, and economic petitiveness. 。s air bag deploys, and drowsydriver warning systems that will keep drivers from falling asleep at the wheel. Invehicle automation systems will temporarily take over driving during emergencies or allow auto