【正文】 將“Whoever”、“what”分別用“Anyone who”、“all that”代替后，才是定語從句，先行詞分別是“Anyone”、“all”。關(guān)系一、先行詞和關(guān)系詞1)Whoever spits in public will be punished here.(“Whoever”可以用“anyone who”代替)2)The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.(“what”可以用“all that”代替)但這兩句句子已經(jīng)不是定語從句了，是名詞性從句。不能用從句做主語(1)The boys，who are playing football，are from Class 。例如:(1)The boy has as much progress as we had ，這個男孩取得了大的進步。(2)Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called ，這就叫做蒸發(fā)。(2)This novel, which I have read three times, is very 。(2)Is there anything(that)you wanted? 想要什么東西嗎? 非限定性 非限定性定語從句 意義: 非限定性定語從句起補充說明作用，缺少也不會影響全句的理解。在限定性定語從句中，當關(guān)系代詞在從句中擔任動詞賓語時，關(guān)系代詞可省略。(2)I like the music for the very reason that(for which)he dislike ，而他恰恰與我相反。限定性 限定性定語從句 意義: 限定性定語從句對被修飾的先行詞有限定制約作用，使該詞的含義更具體，更明確。如果在定語從句中不是用作地點狀語，而是用作主語或賓語，那就不能用where，而要用that, which等。Barbary was working in Aubury, where she went daily in a ，每天得坐公共汽車去上班。That39。where 關(guān)系副詞where主要用于修飾表地點的名詞，同時它在定語從句中用作地點狀語。ve told 。如: Don39。注意不要一見到先行詞為時間名詞，就以為一定要用關(guān)系副詞when來引導定語從句，同時還要看它在定語從句中充當什么成分如果在定語從句中用作時間狀語，就用when。We39。如: There es a time when you have to make a 。如: 他失去工作的主要原因是他喝酒。s one of the reasons(why, that)I asked you to 。與關(guān)系副詞when和where不同，why可以換成that或省略。She didn39。t know the reason why he didn39。why 關(guān)系副詞why主要用于修飾表原因的名詞(主要是the reason)，同時它在定語從句中用作原因狀語。There is somebody here who wants to talk to 。Each time when he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towels, soap, toothbrush ，如毛巾，肥皂，牙刷等其他東西。By the time when you arrived in London, we had stayed there for two ，我們在那里已經(jīng)待了兩個星期。既有人又有物時。它們在從句中作主語或賓語，作賓語可省略“that”在從句中作賓語時?？墒÷躁P(guān)系詞，“which”在從句省略。(“whose”表示那個房子的窗戶)關(guān)系代詞:在句中作主語、賓語或定語。whose(只用作定語)“whose”表示誰(可以為人也可以為物)的(東西)例:A child whose parents are dead is called an 。(which/that在從句中作賓語)注:which在定語從句中指物，可作主語或及物動詞或介詞的賓語，作賓語時可省略。2,which，that 用來指物(有六種情況只可用that而不用which)(用作主語、賓語，作賓語時可以省略)，例如:(1)The prosperity which/that had never appeared before took on in the 。(whom在從句中作賓語)注:who在定語從句中指人，作主語和賓語，作賓語時可省略。在從句中所起作用如下:(1)Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是那個想見你的男人嗎?(who/that在從句中作主語)(2)He is the man(whom/that)I saw 。先行詞為those，he和people時。不能用that的情況 介詞前置時。先行詞有人又有物時。先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾時。先行詞被all，every，no，any，some，little，much，one修飾時。關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語，賓語，定語等，關(guān)系副詞在從句中作地點狀語(where)，時間狀語(when)，原因狀語(why)。注:關(guān)系代詞有主語、賓語、定語之分。②指代先行詞。一般先行詞出現(xiàn)在定語從句的前面。先行詞在從句中作狀語時，應選 擇關(guān)系副詞。此兩題錯在關(guān)系詞的誤用上。例如:(錯)This is the mountain village where I visited last year.(錯)I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.(對)This is the mountain village(which)I visited last year.(對)I39。判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞方法一: 用關(guān)系代詞，還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動詞。Is this the reason why(for which)he refused our offer? 這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎? 2)that代替關(guān)系副詞that可以用于表示時間、地點、方式、理由的名詞后取代when, where, why和“介詞+ which”引導的定語從 句，在非正式文體中that常被省略(正式文體中不可省略)，例如: His father died the year(that / when / in which)he was 。1)when, where,why 關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的含義相當于“介詞+ which”結(jié)構(gòu)，因此常常和“介詞+ which”結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用，例 如: There are occasions when(on which)one must 。(which / that在句中作主語)The package which / that you are carrying is about to e 。Please pass me the book whose(of which)cover is 。1)who, whom, that 這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中所起作用如下: Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想見你的人嗎?(who/that在從句中作主語)He is the man whom/ that I saw 。關(guān)系代詞引導的定語從句關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當主語、賓語、定語等成分。定語從句不同于單詞作定語的情況，它通常只能放在被修飾的詞(即先行詞)之后。在主句中充當定語成分。 you know the man ______is talking with your father？Yes，he’s our this the river _____I can swim？ which one is the best hotel in the city _____I you lend me the dictionary ______the other day？ you bought bought it you bought it you bought it ______with what I said may put up you agrees agree agrees agree watch is not the only thing ______ is who man ______coat is black is waiting at the gate’s of girl ______ is reading under the tree _____my ； is ； was ； is ； was love places ______the people are really world ______ is made up of that we live which we live we live in live inⅡ.用適當?shù)年P(guān)系代詞that，which，who，whom填空。t like? lives in the room____window faces to the lives in the room, the window_____faces to the is for____son I brought a book is for_____I bought a book is the hour_____the place is always full of women and there is one point ______I39。ll never forget the last day______ we spent is the school ______I used to you still remember the place______ we visited last week? you still remember the place_______ we visited the painting exhibition? you ever been to Hangzhou,_____is famous for the West Lake? you ever bee to Hangzhou, ______lies the West Lake? will go to Shanghai,______live his two live in Beijing,____is the capital of was a time ______there were slaves in the is the third time ______you have made the same was in the street _____I met John was about 600 years ago____the first clock with a face and an hour hand was moment _____I saw you, I recognized(認出) is the very novel about____we39。Students from Class One did better in the exam, ________ of ________are （1）This is the library_____I borrowed the book.（2）It is from this library____I borrowed the book.（3）Where did you last see ?It was in the hotel____ I （1）We all have heard the news_____ our team won.（2）We don’t believe in the news _________ he told us yesterday.（3）The news came__1__ the British Queen’s mother celebrated her 99thbirthday in good health, __2__ isn’t surprising, because she lives an easy life and gets the best medical The place _________ the bridge is supposed to be built should be_____ the crossriver traffic is the Last week, I met a friend ________ came from Australia three weeks told me a story that our classmate ________ name is Mary has been ill for a long has fought against cancer for 3 all felt sorry about was a girl _______ got the best grades in school, and she was the most always played in the garden __________ there is many flowers and will not forget the days _________ we played will r