【正文】 or that we are being worn down by having to cope daily with overcrowded streets and highways, the pounding noise of garbage grinders, or the cosmic distance between the entrance to the airport and the departure gate, we get the message of pain all wrong. 73) Instead of addressing ourselves to the cause, we bee pushovers for pills, driving the pain underground and inviting it to return with increased authority. 74) Early in life, too, we bee seized with the bizarre idea that we are constantly assaulted by invisible monsters called germs, and that we have to be on constant alert to protect ourselves against their fury. Equal emphasis, however, is not given to the presiding fact that our bodies are superbly equipped to deal with the little demons, and that the best way of forestalling an attack is to maintain a sensible lifestyle. The most significant single statement about health to appear in the medical journals during the past decade is by Dr. Franz Ingelfinger, the late and former editor of the New England Journal of Medicine. Ingelfinger noted that almost all illnesses are selflimiting. That is, the human body is capable of handling them without outside intervention. 75) The thrust of the articl。 or that we are smoking too much or drinking too much。s way of informing the mind that we are doing something wrong, not necessarily that something is wrong. We don39。s pupil, Benjamin Lee Whorf, continued the study of American Indian languages. (64) Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought ma society. He reasoned that because the structure of habitual thought in a society. He reasoned that because it is easier to formulate certain concepts and not others in a given language, the speakers of that language think along one track and not along another. (65) Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce farreaching consequences for the culture of a society. Later, this idea became to be known as the SapirWhorf hypothesis, but this term is somewhat inappropriate. Although both Sapir and Whorf emphasized the diversity of languages , Sapir himself never explicitly supported the notion of linguistic determinism. 新東方在線 [] 網(wǎng)絡課堂電子教材系列 英譯漢、完型與詞匯分冊 12 第二部分 英譯漢全真模擬試題 （ Passages 110) Passage 1 Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. (10 points) 71) The main impression growing out of twelve years on the faculty of a medical school is that the No. 1 health problem in the U. S. today, even more than AIDS or cancer, is that Americans don39。s formulation of the concept of culture was one of the great intellectual achievements of 19th century science. (64) Tylor defined culture as ... that plex whole which includes belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society. This insight, so profound in its simplicity, opened up an entirely new way of perceiving and understanding human life. Implicit within Tylor39。 s nervous system and a puter will also create full sensory virtual environments, allowing virtual vacations like those in the film Total Recall. 71) There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend. 72) Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips, puters with inbuilt personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools, relaxation will be in front of smelltelevision, and digital age will have arrived. According to BT39。 or they may cooperate directly in the growing number of international projects related to science, economics and industry. In any case, all such interventions are heavily dependent on scientific advice and also scientific and technological manpower of all kinds. 73) Owing to the remarkable development in massmunications, people everywhere are feeling new wants and are being exposed to new customs and ideas, while governments are often forced to introduce still further innovations for the reasons given above. At the same time the normal rate of social change throughout the world is taking place at a vastly accelerated speed pared with the past. For example, 74) in the early industrialized countries of Europe the process of industrialization — with all the farreaching changes in social patterns that followed — was spread over nearly a century, whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo the same process in a decade or so. All this has the effect of building up unusual pressures and tensions within the munity and consequently presents serious problems for the governments concerned. 75) Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements — themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport. As a result of all these factors, governments are being increasingly dependent on biologists and social scientists for planning the appropriate programs and putting them into effect. 新東方在線 [] 網(wǎng)絡課堂電子教材系列 英譯漢、完型與詞匯分冊 8 Passage 8 In less than 30 years39。 s economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds. It also means that governments are increasingly pelled to interfere in these sectors in order to step up production and ensure that it is utilized to the best advantag