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口語中回答問題時,常把主語、動詞和賓語都省略,只剩一個副詞、一個副詞詞組或一個動。 。Lessons41~42 課文詳注Her mother often sends her to the store for some groceries. 她母親經(jīng)常差遣她去商店買些雜貨。ll send him a present. 我將給他送去一件禮物。 letter to her sister. 她準備給她的姐姐寄封信。2.send(3)(使)下降;降低:He dropped his voice. 他把聲音放低了些。She dropped her knife and fork and hurried to answer the phone. 她放下刀叉趕緊去接電話。t drop it. Word study 1.drop 一般而言,祈使句的否定式通常用Don39。t wait! 別等了!Don39。 Grammar in use 祈使句的否定縮略式形式為Don39。 一般而言,祈使句的否定式通常用Don39。t wait! 別等了!Don39。 Grammar in use 祈使句的否定縮略式形式為Don39。 we 有別于in the front of,在……的前部。如果直接賓語置于動詞give之后,間接賓語之前則帶to。在第21課有g(shù)ive me a book這樣的句型,在本課中又出現(xiàn)了give it to me的句型。(請參見本課語法部分。t(或Do not)+動詞原形構(gòu)成,又如課文中的Don39。在英文中需用祈使語氣來表示直接的命令、建議等多種意圖。 Further notes on the text 1. Don39。The students finished all their work in class. 學(xué)生們當堂把全部作業(yè)都完成了。(4)n. 工作;勞動;作業(yè);職業(yè):He wants to have a good sleep after a day39。(3);做作業(yè):If you work hard, you39。2.work (1);勞動:He works 45 hours per week. 他每周工作45個小時。 Word study 1.paint (1),涂: What colour is George going to paint it? 喬治準備把它漆成什么顏色的?(2)v.(用顏料)畫:Who painted this picture? 這幅畫是誰畫的?(3);描繪:His novel paints a peaceful picture of the country life in Europe. 他的小說描繪了有關(guān)歐洲鄉(xiāng)村生活的寧靜畫面。如:George is going to paint it pink. Is George going to paint it pink? 喬治打算把它刷成粉紅色嗎?在助動詞后面加上not可以得到否定句。s going to rain! 天要下雨了!She39。Where are you going to build the road? 你們將在什么地方筑路?C表示預(yù)言一件事即將發(fā)生:The meeting is going to begin at nine. 會議將在9點開始。He is going to paint the bookcase tomorrow. 他準備明天給書架刷漆。(在非正式語體中,一般多用be going to,而不用will。 to (1)將來時be going to的形式由am/is/are going to +動詞原形構(gòu)成。 Grammar in use 將來時 be s for my daughter, 。s=Pink is。請參見本課語法部分。Lessons37~38 課文詳注 run along. 天黑了,我們得走了。(2)離開;走開:It39。(2)口拖延;壓下:They are trying to sit on the bad news as long as possible. 他們正試圖盡可能拖延時間不把這個壞消息講出去。re going into the business world. 他們正步入商界。 Word study 1.go into (1)走進;進入:He is going into a shop. 他正走進一家商店。The children are jumping off the branch. 孩子們正從樹枝上跳下來。最常見的短語動詞是由英語中最短小和最簡單的動詞構(gòu)成的,這些動詞常與表示位置或方向的詞組合,如along, down, in, off, on, out, over, under等。英語(特別是在非正式的、慣用的英語)中存在著一種用動詞短語代替與其同義的單個動詞的強烈趨勢。語法5.beside a park,位于公園旁邊。4.He is swimming across the 。3.a(chǎn)long the banks of the river, 沿著河岸。between是介詞,表示“在……(兩者)之間”。 房間的窗戶2.It is between two hills. 我們的村莊坐落在一個山谷之中。句中of是介詞,表示“……的”。 a photographI was so excited that I could hardly sleep. 我興奮得無法入睡。2.sleep (1): He sleeps for only 4 hours every night.His pany39。(2)略去;跳過:He jumped the first grade in college. 他跳過大學(xué)一年級(指跳級直接升入二年級)。v. (1)跳躍;躍過:They are jumping a ditch. 他們正躍過一個深溝。詞匯學(xué)習(xí)當句中主語名詞為復(fù)數(shù)或者人稱代詞為第2人稱或第3人稱復(fù)數(shù)時,be的現(xiàn)在時形式應(yīng)為are。 Grammar in use 現(xiàn)在進行時(2)(請參見 Lessons 31~32語法部分。boat一詞指河中行駛的小船。 樹下有只狗。句中under意為“在……下面(或下方)”。 the table. 桌上有一本書。句中on意為“在……上面”(接觸表面)。over還可表不“在……上方”(不接觸表面),如:The sky is over our heads. 天空在我們頭頂上。又如:The aeroplane is flying over the river. 飛機正在河上飛過。5.They are walking over the 。句中with是介詞,表示“和……一起”。兩分句之間大多要用逗號,有時可不用逗號。3.There are some clouds in the sky, but the sun is ,但陽光燦爛。some既可修飾可數(shù)名詞,也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。句中的it是指天氣。Many young men are running after that girl. 許多年輕人在追求那個姑娘。Her eyes ran with tears. 她落淚了。He runs a mile every morning to keep fit. 他每天早晨跑一英里步以保持身體健康。2.run(3)(在社會地位等方面)往上爬:He is trying hard to climb to the top of the social ladder. 他正努力爬到社會的最頂層。(2)逐步上升(增長):The temperature is climbing steadily. 溫度正在慢慢地平穩(wěn)上升。 v. (1)攀登,攀爬: The children are always climbing trees. 孩子們總是在爬樹。詞匯學(xué)習(xí)如:The dog is drinking its milk. The dog is not drinking its milk. 狗沒在喝它的那份牛奶。如:He39。如果動詞只有一個元音字母而其后跟了一個輔音字母時,則需將與輔音字母雙寫,再加ing,如running, sitting。對大多數(shù)動詞來說,在動詞后面直接加ing即可構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在分詞,如doing, climbing。s sitting under the tree 和He39?,F(xiàn)在進行時由be的現(xiàn)在時形式(am, is, are)+現(xiàn)在分詞組成。語法 thousand 1,000,000one5.數(shù)字200,000與1,000,000的英文寫法200,000two4.runWhat a bout…?(……怎么樣?)是英語口語中較常用的一個句式,也可以說How about…?about一詞后面可跟人,也可跟物。 is請參見本課語法部分。 tree. 她正在樹陰下坐著。 underss =Where is。Lessons31~32課文詳注He said all this in an empty voice. 他用一種呆板的聲調(diào)說了這一切。Officials were flattered by empty plements. 官員們被空洞的恭維話弄得心里美滋滋的。(4)adj. 空虛的,無意義的:It39。(3)adj. 空的:There are some empty bottles in the refrigerator. 冰箱里有一些空瓶子。(2)v. 流出;走出:The river emptied itself into the sea. 河水流入大海。2.empty (1)v. 使空;把…倒出(移出):Empty the bottle of milk. 倒光瓶里的牛奶。(3)(衣服、被褥等);使通風(fēng):Open the windows and air the room. 打開窗戶使房間通風(fēng)。s go out and breathe some fresh air. 咱們出去呼吸點新鮮空氣吧。(我說這有必要) 詞匯學(xué)習(xí)如:You表示個人感情時通常用must。在說話人看來,沒有選擇余地。2.a(chǎn)ir the room,語法Lessons29~30 課文詳注 Further notes on the text 1.untidy,亂,不整齊。s pretty near. 這幅畫也許不是一件一模一樣的復(fù)制品,但它已酷似原作了。 uncle is my nearest relative. 我叔叔是我血緣最近的親戚。(2)關(guān)系接近的,親近的:She is a near friend of mine. 她是我的一位密友。re near the bed. 地板上有些鞋子。adj. (1)靠近的,接近的: The television is near the window. 電視機在窗戶旁邊。詞匯學(xué)習(xí)t any plates on the dressing table. 梳妝臺上任何碟子都沒有。如:There are not any spoons in the cupboard. 櫥柜中沒有任何湯匙。(2)any(表示不確定的數(shù)量)通常用在含有not或n39。Have you got some paperclips in that box? 你那只盒子里有一些回形針吧?(我知道或我認為你有一些,故希望你會說“有”。如:There is some water in the glass. 玻璃杯里有些水。(1)some(表示確定的數(shù)量)表示“某些但不是全部”的意思,通常用于肯定句中。用some和any時,一般不必精確地說明數(shù)量到底有多么大或多么小。No, there are no newspapers on the shelf. 沒有,架子上沒有任何報紙。No, there aren39。No, there isn39。如:Is there a dirty fork on the plate? 碟子上有一個臟的叉子嗎?Is there a full bottle in the cupboard? 櫥柜里有一瓶酒嗎?Are there any ties on the floor? 地上有一些領(lǐng)帶嗎?Are there any newspapers on the shelf? 架子上有些報紙嗎?(2)there+be結(jié)構(gòu)變成否定句時,需在動詞be后加not(any)或no。語法(可參見Lessons 25~26語法部分。Lessons27~28 課文詳注d like to enjoy a glass now and then.我喜歡不時喝點酒。(2)杯中物;酒:He has had a glass too much. 他多喝了一杯(或喝醉了)。 There39。2.glass s Caf233。d like a cup of tea. 我想喝一杯茶。n. (1)杯子(一般帶柄,用于盛熱飲料,如茶或咖啡): I have a beautiful set of tea cups. 我有一套漂亮的茶杯。詞匯學(xué)習(xí)對where疑問句的回答可以是整句、短語或單個的詞。(3)the的基本用法: A the通常有明確的所指(即以說話人或聽話人已知的人或物