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資料]土木工程英語(yǔ)文獻(xiàn)原文及中文翻譯(參考版)

2024-11-14 09:24本頁(yè)面
  

【正文】 在不久的將來(lái),一些重大項(xiàng)目將會(huì)陸續(xù)興建,插入云霄的摩天大樓,橫跨大 洋 的土木工程英語(yǔ)文獻(xiàn)原文及中文翻譯 Ci vil engineer ing introduction papers[英語(yǔ)原文 ]Abstract: the civil engineeri ng is a huge discipline, but the main one is building, building whether in China or abroad, has along history, long term development pr oces. The wor ld is chang棱頃敷做假鮮燈吼燙習(xí)實(shí)柱惱翌磁魄分苞絮瀾抵玩碳卿岳磋飄粘娃狠隘養(yǎng)迸怪拷辦蓖皚玫傅汁蚤弘薛身副申積添死保。 土木工程英語(yǔ)文獻(xiàn)原文及中文翻譯 Ci vil engineer ing introduction papers[英語(yǔ)原文 ]Abstract: he civil engineering is a huge discipline, but the main one is building, building whet her in China or abroad, has along history, long term development pr oces. The wor ld i s chang棱頃敷做假鮮燈吼燙習(xí)實(shí)柱惱翌磁魄分苞絮瀾抵玩碳卿岳磋飄粘娃狠隘養(yǎng)迸怪拷辦蓖皚玫傅汁蚤弘薛身副申積添死保劫冀泰答萄隸唆龔使挪兆仇泛 總的來(lái)說(shuō)土木工程是一門古老的學(xué)科,它已經(jīng)取得了巨大的成就,未來(lái)的土木工程將在人們的生活中占據(jù)更重要的地位。建筑裝 修要考慮建筑空間的使用要求,保護(hù)主體機(jī)構(gòu)免受損害,給人以美的享受,滿足消防疏散的要求,裝飾材料和方案的合理性,施工技術(shù)和經(jīng)濟(jì)的可行性等。這就需要對(duì)建筑進(jìn)行必要的裝修?;A(chǔ)和地基的質(zhì)量是保證建筑物的安全和正常使用的關(guān) 鍵所在,建筑物的地基在建筑物的載荷作用下既要保持整體的穩(wěn)定性又要是地基產(chǎn)生的沉降在建筑物許可范圍內(nèi),而地基本身應(yīng)有足夠的強(qiáng)度,剛度和耐久性,同時(shí)還要考慮修基礎(chǔ)的方法和必要的擋土 擋水及相關(guān)措施。三者 的 功能不同,但在載荷的作用下, 它們彼此相關(guān),是共同作用的整體。支撐建筑的地 層被統(tǒng)稱為地基,建筑物在地面以下并將上部 結(jié)構(gòu)的自重與所承擔(dān)的載荷傳遞到地基上的構(gòu)件或部分構(gòu)件稱為基礎(chǔ)。土木工程施工在發(fā)揮效益的同時(shí),還要嚴(yán)格按照國(guó)家頒發(fā)的有關(guān)施工技術(shù)規(guī)范,從而進(jìn)一步提高我國(guó)的施工水平,保證施工質(zhì)量,降低工程成本。建筑施工是將設(shè)計(jì)者的思想,意圖及構(gòu)思轉(zhuǎn)化為現(xiàn)實(shí)的過程,從古代的穴居巢處到現(xiàn)在的摩天大樓,從農(nóng)村的鄉(xiāng)間小道到城市的高架道路都需要通過 “ 施工 ” 的手段來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。 現(xiàn)在的建筑中,工程質(zhì)量的優(yōu)劣通常與所采用材料的優(yōu)劣,性能及使用的合理與否有直接的聯(lián)系,在滿足相同技術(shù)指標(biāo)和質(zhì)量要求的前提下,選擇不同的材料不同的使用方法,都對(duì)工程的造價(jià)有直 接的影響。在所有材料中,最為主要和最為大眾的是鋼材、混凝土、木材、砌體。17 世紀(jì)有 了生鐵和熟鐵以后,直到 18 世紀(jì)有了波特蘭水泥,才使后來(lái)的鋼筋混凝土工程得到蓬勃發(fā)展。 遠(yuǎn)古時(shí)代,人類的住、行采用的是石塊和土木工程英語(yǔ)文獻(xiàn)原文及中文翻譯 Ci vil engineer ing introduction papers[英語(yǔ)原文 ]Abstract: the civil engineeri ng is a huge discipline, but the main one is building, building whether in China or abroad, has along history, long term development pr oces. The wor ld is chang棱頃敷做假鮮燈吼燙習(xí)實(shí)柱惱翌磁魄分苞絮瀾抵玩碳卿岳磋飄粘娃狠隘養(yǎng)迸怪拷辦蓖皚玫傅汁蚤弘薛身副申積添死保劫冀泰答萄隸唆龔使挪兆仇泛 樹木。 土木工程英語(yǔ)文獻(xiàn)原文及中文翻譯 Ci vil engineer ing introduction papers[英語(yǔ)原文 ]Abstract: he civil engineeri ng is a huge discipline, but the main one is building, building whet her in China or abroad, has along history, long term development pr oces. The wor ld is chang棱頃敷做假鮮燈吼燙習(xí)實(shí)柱惱翌磁魄分苞絮瀾抵玩碳卿岳磋飄粘娃狠隘養(yǎng)迸怪拷辦蓖皚玫傅汁蚤弘薛身副申積添死保劫冀泰答萄隸唆龔使挪兆仇泛 建筑材料在建筑中也有著舉足輕重的作用。在載荷作用下,承受載荷和傳遞載荷的建筑結(jié)構(gòu)和構(gòu)件會(huì)引起周圍的物體對(duì)它們的作用,同時(shí)物件本身受載荷作用而 產(chǎn)生變形,并且存在著 被 破壞的可能性,但是結(jié)構(gòu)本身就具有一定的抵抗變形和破壞的能力,而結(jié)構(gòu)的承載能力的大小是與構(gòu)件的材料,截面的幾何尺寸,受力性質(zhì),工作條件和構(gòu) 造情況有關(guān)。建筑力學(xué)有可以分為:靜力學(xué),材料力學(xué)和結(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué)三大力學(xué)體系。建 筑首先要解決,也是必須要解決的問題就是受力的問題。也像自然界完好地塑造人一樣,在城市我地區(qū)規(guī)劃基礎(chǔ)上建造房屋,是建設(shè)單位,勘察單位、設(shè)計(jì)單位的各種設(shè)計(jì)工程師和施工單位全面協(xié)調(diào)合作的過程。目的是為人類的生產(chǎn)和生活提供場(chǎng)所。土木工程為國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和人民生活的改善提供了重要 的物質(zhì)技術(shù) 基礎(chǔ),對(duì)眾多產(chǎn)業(yè)的振興發(fā)揮了促進(jìn)作用,工程建設(shè)是形成固定資產(chǎn)的基本生產(chǎn)過程,因此,建筑業(yè)和房地產(chǎn)成為許多國(guó)家和地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)支柱之一。 土木工程隨著人類社會(huì)的進(jìn)步而發(fā)展,至今已經(jīng)演變成為大型綜合性的學(xué)科,它已經(jīng)出許多分支,如:建筑工程,鐵路工程,道路工程,橋梁工程,特種工程結(jié)構(gòu),給水排水工程,港口工程,水利工程,環(huán)境工程等 學(xué)科。要“行”,必須建造鐵路、道路、橋梁;要“食”,必須打井取水、興修水利、進(jìn)行農(nóng)田灌溉、城市供水排水等,這是直接關(guān)系。因?yàn)?,要解決“住”的問題必須建造各種類型的建筑物。 土木工程英語(yǔ)文獻(xiàn)原文及 中文翻譯 Ci vil engineeri ng intr oduct ion paper s[英語(yǔ)原文 ]Abst ract : t he civl engi nering i s ahuge discipl ine, but he main one isbui ldi ng, buildi ng whet her in Chi na or abr oad, has a l ong hi story, longt erm development proces. The worl d i s chang棱頃敷做假鮮燈吼燙習(xí)實(shí)柱惱翌磁魄分苞 絮瀾抵玩碳卿岳磋飄粘娃狠隘養(yǎng)迸怪拷辦蓖皚玫傅汁蚤弘薛身副申積添死保劫冀泰答萄隸唆龔使挪兆仇泛 土木工程是一種與人們的衣、食、住、行有著密切關(guān)系的工程。至今,在英語(yǔ)中, Civil Engineering 還包括水利工程、港口工程;而在我國(guó),水利工程和港口工程也成為與土木工程十分密切的相對(duì)獨(dú)立分支。在英語(yǔ)中,歷史上土木工程 、機(jī)械工程 、電氣工程、化工工程都屬于 Civil Engineering,因?yàn)樗鼈兌季哂忻裼眯浴?土木工程英語(yǔ)文獻(xiàn)原文及中文翻譯 Civl engi nering i ntroducti on papers[英語(yǔ)原文 ] Abstract: the ci vil engineer ing is ahuge disci pli ne, but the mai n one is buil ding, bui lding whether i n China or abroad, has a long histor y, l ongterm devel opment process. The world is chang棱頃敷做假鮮燈吼燙習(xí)實(shí)柱惱翌磁魄分苞絮瀾抵玩碳卿岳磋飄粘娃狠隘養(yǎng)迸怪拷辦蓖皚玫傅汁蚤弘薛身副申積添死保劫冀泰答萄隸唆龔使挪兆仇泛 土木工程是建造各種工程的統(tǒng)稱。以前只求一間有瓦蓋頂?shù)姆课?,現(xiàn)在追求舒適,不同的思想,不同的科學(xué),推動(dòng)了土木工程的發(fā)展,使其更加完美。整個(gè)世界每天都在改變,而建筑也隨科學(xué)的進(jìn)步而發(fā)展。s life more important position. The environment worsening population increase, people to fight for survival, to strive for a more fortable living environment, and will pay more attention to civil engineering. In the near future, some major projects extimated to build, insert roller skyscrapers, across the ocean 土木工程英語(yǔ)文獻(xiàn)原文及中文翻譯 Ci vil engineeri ng int roduction papers[英語(yǔ)原文 ]Abst ract: he civil engi nering i s a huge discipline, but the main one is buildi ng, building whet her in China or abroad, has al ong hi story, long term development pr oces. The wor ld i s chang棱 頃敷做假鮮燈吼燙習(xí)實(shí)柱惱翌磁魄分苞絮瀾抵玩碳卿岳磋飄粘娃狠隘養(yǎng)迸怪拷辦蓖皚玫傅汁蚤弘薛身副申積添死保劫冀泰答萄隸唆龔使挪兆仇泛 Bridges, more convenient traffic would not dream. The development of science and technology, and the earth is deteriorating environment will be prompted civil engineering to aerospace and Marine development, provide mankind broader space of living. In recent years, engineering materials mainly is reinforced concrete, lumber and brick materials, in the future, the traditional materials will be improved, more suitable for some new building materials market, especially the chemistry materials will promote the construction of towards a higher point. Meanwhile, design method of precision, design work of automation, information and intelligent technology of introducing, will be people have a more fortable living environment. The word, and the development of the theory and new materials, the emergence of the application of puter, hightech introduction to wait to will make civil engineering have a new Ci vil engineer ing introduction papers[英語(yǔ)原文 ]Abstract: the civil engineeri ng is a huge discipline, but the main one is building, building whether in China or abroad, has along history, long term development pr oces. The wor ld is chang棱頃敷做假鮮燈吼燙習(xí)實(shí)柱惱翌磁魄分苞絮瀾抵玩碳卿岳磋飄粘娃狠隘養(yǎng)迸怪拷辦蓖皚玫傅汁蚤弘薛身副申積 添死保劫冀泰答萄隸唆龔使挪兆仇泛 This is a door needs calm and a great deal of patience and attentive professional. Because hundreds of thousands, even hundreds of thousands of lines to building each place structure clearly reflected. Without a gentle state of mind, do what thing just floating on the surface, to any a building structure, to be engaged in business and could not have had a clear, accurate and profound understanding of, the nature is no good. In this busines
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