【正文】 研究無處不在，從實(shí)際工作中發(fā)掘選題！??！ 。 Remendations : Summary of the research opportunities and objectives that emerge from the review 2022/8/15 YAO Zheng Lecture1 41 Chronological By Publication ? Order your sources by publication chronology, then, only if the order demonstrates a more important trend By Trend ? A better way to anize the above sources chronologically is to examine the sources under another trend, such as the history of research. Then your review would have subsections according to eras within this period 2022/8/15 YAO Zheng Lecture1 42 Thematic Organized around a topic or issue ? Progression of time may still be an important factor ?The only difference here between a “chronological” and a “thematic” approach is what is emphasized the most: the development of the topic or certain specific technology of the topic But more authentic thematic reviews tend to break away from chronological order ? A review anized in this manner would shift between time periods within each section according to the point made. 2022/8/15 YAO Zheng Lecture1 43 Methodological Focuses on the “methods” of the researcher or writer ? does not have to do with the content of the material A methodological scope will influence either the types of documents in the review or the way in which these documents are discussed ? Have they used qualitative or quantitative research methods? ? Have they used surveys/questionnaires, interviews etc? ? Have they used observations? ? Have they themselves reviewed the field and made classifications which will help you? 2022/8/15 YAO Zheng Lecture1 44 Geographically A rather simplistic classification on its own ? Have scholars in your field focused on situations overseas (US, UK etc) or Australia wide etc? ? *Remember when describing research to always mention where it was done so that the reader knows the context. Once you?e decided on the anizational method for the body of the review, the sections you need to include in the review should be easy to figure out. They should arise out of your anizational strategy. ? a chronological review would have subsections for each vital time period. ? A thematic review would have subtopics based upon factors that relate to the theme or issue ? … 2022/8/15 YAO Zheng Lecture1 45 文獻(xiàn)綜述舉例 文獻(xiàn)綜述是 “緒論”的重要組成部分 ? ? 學(xué)位論文的第 1章 ? 從本質(zhì)上說 ， 第 1章是作者文獻(xiàn)工作的成果。factor out39。如果還覺得它是有關(guān)和值得的，就回去繼續(xù)看 ? 跳過你已經(jīng)知道的部分（比如背景和動機(jī)） 總結(jié)所讀的每個主題（ 在讀完幾篇相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)后） ? 關(guān)鍵問題 ? 所描述問題的不同表達(dá)形式 ? 不同方法之間的關(guān)系 ? 替代的方法 用筆記錄自己讀過和聽過的東西 自己的思考（ speculations）、感興趣的難題、可能的解決方法、要查看的 參考書目、筆記、文章的概要 ，有趣的印證 階段性的復(fù)習(xí) 可以發(fā)現(xiàn)這些思想是不是開始收斂 2022/8/15 YAO Zheng Lecture1 32 由量變到質(zhì)變 … 對于初次進(jìn)入一個領(lǐng)域的新手，必須閱讀大量的文獻(xiàn)，才能把握本領(lǐng)域的動態(tài)和方向 對新手而言，應(yīng)當(dāng)重視閱讀文獻(xiàn)的數(shù)量，積累多了，自然就由量變發(fā)展為質(zhì)變了 ? 每個作者的研究方法多少有所區(qū)別，讀得多了，漸漸就會比較出研究方法的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)，對自己今后的研究大有裨益 2022/8/15 YAO Zheng Lecture1 33 常見錯誤 1. Carrying out a hurried review of the literature in order to get started on the research project. 2. Relying too heavily upon secondary sources. 3. Overrelying on Inter sources or accepting them uncritically. 4. Concentrating on the findings when reading research articles, and overlooking valuable information about methods, measures, and so forth 5. Failing to define satisfactorily