【正文】 growing 4．過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)： Praised by the neighbors, he became the pride of his parents.（表示原因） Once seen, it can never be forgotten. （表示時(shí)間） Given more time, I39。 growing C. hidden。 1）I found her seated on the grass just now. 2） Having climbed to the top of the mountain, we were able to see many wonderful houses ____ in the thick ____ forest. A. hidden。the escaped criminal _____________ the developed countries ___________ the retired scientist _______________ fallen leaves ___________________ the risen sun___________________ a newlyarrived guest_____________ 特例：a drunken man_______________ a lighted porch _____________a sunken ship_________________ molten icecream _______________EXX: 1. The Olympic Games, ___ in 776 did not include women players until 1912. A. first played B. to be first played C. first playing D. to be first playing 2. Can those ____ at the back of the classroom hear me? （2008福建）No problem. A. seat B. sit C. seated D. sat(二) 作表語(yǔ)： The window is broken. They were frightened at the sad sight. Cleaning women in big cities usually get ____ by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay（三）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)： I heard the song sung several times last week. 有時(shí)過(guò)去分詞做with短語(yǔ)中的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)： With the work done, they went out to play. 工作做完了，他們出去玩去了。 Eg. Money spent is more than money earned. 入不敷出。過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的定語(yǔ)從句。 will call later. A. read　 B. reads 　　 C. to read 　 D. reading3. The picture ____ on the wall is painted by my nephew. A. having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung （二）現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)： The film being shown in the cinema is exciting. （三）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)： 下列動(dòng)詞后可跟現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)： see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep, notice, observe, listen to, look at, leave, catch Eg: Can you hear her singing the song in the next room? 1. Don’t leave the water______ while you brush your teeth. （2004天津）A run B running C being run D to run2. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ___ in the kitchen. A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked（四）現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)： ：(While) Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker. ： Being a League member, he is always helping others.，表示伴隨： He stayed at home, cleaning and washing.： (If) Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time.： He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces.： Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon. 7. 做伴隨狀語(yǔ)：The children walked out of the hall, talking and laughing. Exx: (1). European football is played in 80 countries, __it the most popular sport in the world. A. making B. makes C. made 　 D. to make(2) Though______ money, his parents managed to send him to university. A. lacked 　 B. lacking of 　C. lacking　 D. lacked in(3) ______ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. A. To wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited(4) ______ the program，they have to stay there for another two weeks. A. Not pleting B. Not pleted C. Not having pleted D. Having not pleted(5) He expressed his satisfaction with his talks,_____ that he had enjoyed his stay here.A having added B to add C adding D added： All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly. Time permitting, we39。s father. = The man who is speaking to the teacher is our monitor39。② 邏輯主語(yǔ)（動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者）與時(shí)態(tài)doing 主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行； being done被動(dòng)，進(jìn)行； having done主動(dòng)，完成； having been done被動(dòng)，完成； （一）作定語(yǔ)：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)，放在所修飾的名詞前；分詞短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)，放在名詞后，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。t walk without a walkingstick. Is there a swimming pool in your school? 5. 作同位語(yǔ) His habit, listening to the news on the radio, remains unchanged． ：用動(dòng)名詞的doing 、having done 、 being done 、having been done形式填空1) We are interested in _________ (play) chess.2) I’m sorry for not _______________ (keep) my promise.3) I appreciate _________________ (invite) here. 4) _______ (examine) twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver must obey in this city.5) You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. Well, now I regret ________________ (do) that.6) I appreciated _______ (give) the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.7) Something as simple as _________ (drink) some cold water may clear your mind and Smoking is forbidden here.（泛指） It39。 過(guò)去做某事 be used to doing … 習(xí)慣做某事作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)名詞和不定式的區(qū)別 動(dòng)名詞： 表示一般性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，或抽象性的動(dòng)作，時(shí)間概念不強(qiáng)。繼續(xù)做某事used to do …接著做（另外一件事 go on doing …停止做某事go on to do …停下來(lái)去做（另一件事）stop doing …  如： The watch needs repairing. =The watch needs to be repaired.這塊表該修了。, a hard time替換如：Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time （in） passing the exam.注意2： 在動(dòng)詞need, require, want, deserve后用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。t help, think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent…(from),keep …from, stop…（from）, protect…from, set about, be engaged in, spend…(in), succeed in, be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on, put off, can’t stand, can’t help, ,devote to, get used to注意1：在have some difficulty ( in ) doing …句型中, difficulty 可由以下單詞s job is laying eggs. 3. 作賓語(yǔ) 既可作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)也可作介詞賓語(yǔ)In some parts of London, missing a bus means waiting for another hour. She looks forward every spring to walking in the flowerlined garden.The discovery of new evidence led to the thief being caught.注意：若跟有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，則常用it作形式賓語(yǔ) We found it no good making fun of others. We don’t think it any good allowing children to chat on line without any restriction.后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞： enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid, excuse ,delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit，deny, mind, permit, forbid, practice, risk, appreciate, postpone, fancy, understand, involve, resist, escape后接動(dòng)名詞的短語(yǔ)： be busy, be worth, feel like, can39。s skin. 2）Being examined twi