【正文】 工頻電氣化鐵路 industry frequency electrified railway電壓制 voltage system電流制 current system核子密度濕度測(cè)定 determination of nuclear densitymoisture路基承載板測(cè)定 determination of bearing slab of subgrade預(yù)留沉落量 reserve settlement； settlement allowance反壓護(hù)道 berm with superloading； berm for back pressure； counter swelling berm石灰砂樁 lime sand pile換土 change soil； soil replacement爆破排淤 blasting discharging sedimentation； silt arresting by explosion； discharge of sedimentation by blasting拋石擠淤 throwing stones to packing sedimentation； packing sedimentation by throwing stones； packing up sedimentation by dumping stones路塹石方爆破 rock cutting blasting； rock blasting in cut定向爆破 directional blasting淺孔爆破 shallow hole blasting深孔爆破 deep hole blasting洞室藥包爆破 chamber explosive package blasting； chamher blasting揚(yáng)棄爆破 abandoned blasting； abandonment blasting拋擲爆破 pinpoint blasting松動(dòng)爆破 blasting for loosening rock藥壺爆破 pot hole blasting裸露腰包爆破 adobe blasting； contact blasting路塹邊坡 cutting slope； side slope of cut塹頂 top of cutting slope； top of cutting路塹平臺(tái) platform of cutting； berm in cutting棄土堆 waste bank； bankette； spoil bank擋土墻 retaining wall鐵路施工常用英文詞匯1重力式擋土墻 gravity retaining wall衡重式擋土墻 balance weight retaining wall； gravity retaining wall with relieving platform； balanced type retaining wall錨定板擋土墻 anchored retaining wall by tie rods； anchored bulkhead retaining wall； anchored plate retaining wall加筋土擋土墻 reinforced earth retaining wall； reinforced soil retaining wall錨桿擋墻 anchored bolt retaining wall； anchoraged retaining wall by tie rods管柱擋墻 cylindrical shaft retaining wall沉井擋墻 caisson retaining wall抗滑樁 antislide pile； countersliding pile護(hù)墻 guard walltielu 鐵路施工護(hù)坡 slope protection； revertment； pitching排水溝 weep drain； drainage ditch； drain ditch邊溝；側(cè)溝 side ditch天溝 gutter； overhead ditch； intercepting ditch吊溝 suspended ditch跌水 hydraulic drop截水溝 intercepting ditch； catchdrain急流槽 chute排水槽 drainage channel滲水暗溝 blind drain滲水隧洞 leak tunnel； permeable tunnel； drainage tunnel滲井 leaching well； seepage well滲管 leaky pipe平孔排水 horizontal hole drainage反濾層 reverse filtration layer； inverted filter； protective filter檢查井 inspection well； manhole砂井；排水砂井 sand drain隔斷層 insulating course； insulating layer透水路堤 pervious embankment； permeable embankment滲水路堤 immerseable embankment排水砂墊層 sand filled drainage layer； drainage sand blanker坡面防護(hù) slope protection護(hù)岸 revetment； shore protection導(dǎo)流堤 diversion dike攔石墻 stone cut off wall； stone falling wall； buttree落石槽 stone falling channel； trough for catching falling rocks柴排 firewood raft； mattress； willow fascine固沙造林 stabilization for sands by afforestation擋風(fēng)墻 windbreak wall防風(fēng)柵欄 wind break fence砂土液化 sand liquefaction中活載 CRlive loading； China railway standard loading橋梁標(biāo)準(zhǔn)活載 standard live load for bridge橋梁荷載譜 bridge load spectrum換算均布活載 equivalent uniform live load設(shè)計(jì)荷載 design load主力 principal load恒載 dead load土壓力 earth load靜水壓力 hydrostatic pressure浮力 buoyancy列車活載 live load of train列車離心力 centrifugal force of train列車沖擊力；沖擊荷載 impact force of train沖擊系數(shù) ceofficient of impact人行道荷載 sidewalk loading附加力 subsidiary load； secondary load列車制動(dòng)力 braking force of train列車牽引力 tractive force of train風(fēng)荷載 wind load列車橫向搖擺力 lateral swaying force of train流水壓力 pressure of water flow冰壓力 ice pressure凍脹力 frost heaving force特殊荷載 particular load船只或排筏的撞擊力 collision force of ship or raft地震力 seismic force地震烈度 earthquake intensity地震震級(jí) earthquake magnitude施工荷載 constructional loading荷載組合 loading conbination鐵路橋 railway bridge公鐵兩用橋 bined bridge； bined highway and railway bridge； bined railcumroad bridge跨線橋；立交橋 overpass bridge； grade separation bridge； flyover高架橋 viaduct旱橋 dry bridge人行橋 foot bridge； pedestrian bridge圬工橋 masonry bridge鋼橋 steel bridge鉚接鋼橋 riveted steel bridge栓焊鋼橋 bolted and welded steel bridge全焊鋼橋 all welded steel bridge摩擦結(jié)合式高強(qiáng)度螺栓 high strength friction grip bolt扭剪式高強(qiáng)度螺栓 torshear type high strength blot螺栓示功扳手 bolt wrench with indicator混凝土橋 concrete bridge鋼筋混凝土橋 reinforced concrete bridge預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土橋 prestressed concrete bridge先張法預(yù)應(yīng)力梁 pretensioned prestressed concrete girder后張法預(yù)應(yīng)力梁 posttensioned prestressed concrete girder部分預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土橋 partially prestressed concrete bridge結(jié)合梁橋 posite beam bridge低高度梁 shallow girder無(wú)碴無(wú)枕梁 girder without ballast and sleeper型鋼混凝土梁；勁性骨架混凝土梁 girder with rolled steel section encased in concrete； skeleton reinforced concrete girder簡(jiǎn)支梁橋 simply supported beam bridge連續(xù)梁橋 continuous beam bridge懸臂梁橋 cantilever beam bridge板橋 slab bridge空心板橋 hollow slab bridge板梁 plate girder工形梁 Ibeam箱形梁 box girder槽形梁 trough girder桁架 truss拆裝式桁架 demountable truss剛架橋；剛構(gòu)橋 rigid frame bridge斜腿剛架橋；斜腿剛構(gòu)橋 strutted beam bridge； slantlegged rigid frame bridge懸板橋；懸?guī)?stressed ribbon bridge懸索橋；吊橋 suspension bridge斜拉橋 cablestayed bridge浮橋 pontoon bridge； floating bridge； bateau bridge拱橋 arch bridge固端拱；無(wú)鉸拱 fixedend arch雙鉸拱 twohinged arch三鉸拱 threehinged arch實(shí)腹拱 spandrelfilled arch； solidspandrel arch空腹拱 openspandrel arch雙曲拱 twoway curved arch； crosscurved arch系桿拱；柔性系桿剛性拱 tied arch榔格爾式橋；剛性系桿柔性拱橋 Langer bridge； flexible arch bridge with rigid tie洛澤式橋；直懸桿式剛性拱剛性梁橋 Lohse bridge； rigid arch bridge with rigid tie and vertical sespenders 尼爾森橋 Nielsen systen bridge尼爾森式駱澤梁橋；斜懸桿式剛性拱梁橋 Nielsen type Lhse bridge； rigid arch bridge with fighd tie and inclined suspenders活動(dòng)橋 movable bridge豎旋橋 bascule bridge平旋橋 swing bridge升降橋 lift bridge正交橋 right bridge斜交橋 skew bridge曲線橋 curved bridge曲梁 curved beam特大橋 super maior bridge大橋 major bridge中橋 medium bridge小橋 minor bridge單線橋 single track bridge雙線橋 double track bridge多線橋 multitrack bridge正橋； 主橋 main bridge引橋 approach spans上承式橋 deck bridge半穿式橋；中承式 half through bridge； midheight deck bridge下承式橋 through bridge雙層橋 doubledeck bridge永久性橋 permanent bridge臨時(shí)性橋；便橋 temporary bridge跨徑；跨度 span凈跨 clear spam