【正文】 Second, avoided happenning that the dog controls the death circulation of the link to include guarding the gate. The external condition is restored to the throne the law Some arrival that export or measure is controlled by the outside. For instance, the hot form. of heating, rotate the pulse produced and calculate heat by hot water water wheels, there is no hot water to flow, there is no heat to export, CPU only need in fact keep number value, do not need to count. Can imagine hot water water wheels rotate when parking warm , CPU idle in will it be will it be one season autumn spring and summer, If let dormancy its , measure have water wheels pulse 31 constantly, antiinterference ability can strengthen greatly. So, so long as link up the restoring to the throne of the pulse of the water wheels and CPU, the water wheels rotate a circle each time, CPU is restored to the throne once, hot form. can work normally , this is restored to the throne the law by the external condition . Similar application have half electron kilowatthour meter , go on one count just when the machinery degree wheels and transfers to a circle, users do not need the electricity, CPU has been knowing the dormancy all the time . The restoring to the throne in the interval not to be regular, but confirmed according to the external condition of this method. In some occasions, the time of the dormancy will be very long, very effective to improving antiinterference ability. 2 .The hardware realizes the main point Restored to the throne regularly unconditionally Generally have 2 kinds of methods. ① Use theitimer or the specialpurpose clock chip to be restored to the throne. Fig1, in order to use the timing circuit that 555 circuit makes up。 ③ In measure and control cycle among the long system, onechip puter spend wait for the peripheral hardware a large amount of time, will be interfered too when carry out and wait for the order. To these situations, we have tried the method restored to the throne voluntarily in practice, alternate pulse of adopting etc or restore to the throne waking according to external terms to the onechip puter up. After being restored to the throne each time, the onechip puter carries out the corresponding procedure, enters dormancy in time after finishing carrying out the task, wait to be restored to the throne nextly. Have solved abovementioned problems well with this 30 method , and has got better result in the agricultural voltage transformer prehensive protector experiment. Now take 51 serial onechip puters as an example and probe into the concrete principle and implementation method, restored to the throne the signal as the high level. principle and implementation method Restored to the throne the law regularly unconditionally Use timer, specialpurpose clock chip or other pulse generator, produce signal of restoring to the throne regularly according to interval that set for. This kind of method is especially suitable for the measuring instrument. In not running actually, sample the analog quantity of introduction with A/D converter often, then store showing. This course is very fast, but steady for reading, the data per second are only upgraded 1 2 times, a large amount of time of CPU is used for waiting. Let CPU carry out and enter dormancy directly after the task , restore to the throne and wake by external world up It carry out the next operation, this is to restore to the throne the law regularly In this way can make antiinterference ability strengthen greatly , have 2 points mainly: ① . At the dormancy, procedure stop run, can appear PC indicator disorderly procedure that causes run and fly. Work time in dormancy proportion 1:9, that is to say 1 s have time of s used for measuring, sending off showing, there is time dormancy of , the probability that the procedure is interfered is 1/10 while running at full speed, whole antiinterference ability raise by 10 times. ② Because every 1s is restored to the throne once unconditionally, once present the system halted during a job, can certainly resume when restored to the throne next time. As to only instrument that show, some reading mistake that 1s appear accidentally there is no memory to the next measurement, be could bear , belong to “pass” mistake. This kind is restored to the throne the advantage of dog39。s circuit etc, can make this problem havebetter settlement, but still the existing problem: ① Guard the gate dog at the movement, mean and appear mistake already and run some time, this is not allowed in some occasions。Analyse its scope of application, provide and use the circuit concretly。 L20 的直線電機(jī)系統(tǒng)提供了更好的輸出轉(zhuǎn)矩和平穩(wěn)地傳送晶片。由直線步進(jìn)電機(jī)產(chǎn)生精確的位置控制并機(jī)械的通過(guò)一段行程。 Compumotor 的 LL20P96 系統(tǒng)起著主導(dǎo)作用，而 Z 系列伺服電機(jī)用來(lái)旋轉(zhuǎn) 28 主軸。 圖 1173 顯示了直線電機(jī)的另一個(gè)應(yīng)用是用來(lái)傳送半導(dǎo)體晶片并通過(guò)精確的激光檢測(cè)器?？梢栽黾踊驕p少線圈電流的大小來(lái)控制直線步進(jìn)電機(jī)速度的快慢。直線步進(jìn)電機(jī)與伺服電機(jī)配合控制的應(yīng)用，伺服電機(jī)是用來(lái)控制線圈繞組速度的裝置。它們的應(yīng)用類型與傳統(tǒng)的步進(jìn)電機(jī)的應(yīng)用略有不同，旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)為直線運(yùn)動(dòng)需要有滾珠和螺絲釘，齒條和驅(qū)動(dòng)齒輪；或者采用其 它的方法。微處理器內(nèi)部有 ROM和 EPPROM 可以用來(lái)存儲(chǔ)程序。從這個(gè)圖你可以看到它有一個(gè)微處理器用來(lái)處理的 D/A 轉(zhuǎn)換器，信號(hào)放大器以及功率放大器接口上的數(shù)據(jù)。通過(guò)改變通電模式，使電機(jī)改變運(yùn)行方向。當(dāng)電流在線圈不變時(shí)，滑塊將與導(dǎo)軌上的一個(gè)齒在線性上對(duì) 齊，并產(chǎn)生一個(gè)保持力防止滑塊向左或向右移動(dòng)到導(dǎo)軌上的另一個(gè)齒。當(dāng)達(dá)到峰值電流時(shí)，在這時(shí)刻相互之間的吸引力是保持力的 10 倍。 當(dāng)電流施加于電磁鐵上的線圈（勵(lì)磁繞組）時(shí)，它們的磁通量通過(guò)在滑塊和導(dǎo)軌之間的空氣氣隙，在滑塊和導(dǎo)軌之間產(chǎn)生一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的吸引力。將該永磁鐵做成齒的形狀，使它們的磁通量可以 集中。 26 圖 1169 直線步進(jìn)電動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)器 控制原理 滑塊由兩相繞組組成在圖 1170 顯示有磁體 A 和磁體 B 和一個(gè)永久磁體。直線步進(jìn)電動(dòng)機(jī)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分辨率是每英寸 12500 步，它具有高分辨率。當(dāng)電流方向改變， 滑塊 將改變其運(yùn)動(dòng)方向。磁場(chǎng)變化是通過(guò)改變通過(guò)線圈上的電流。每一個(gè)齒交錯(cuò)著導(dǎo)軌上的齒。導(dǎo)軌有許多齒像傳統(tǒng)步進(jìn)電機(jī)里轉(zhuǎn)子的齒，但它卻是不能運(yùn)動(dòng)，也不是由永磁體做成。在這個(gè)圖中你可以看到電機(jī)由 導(dǎo)軌和滑塊 組 成 。 六、研究工作計(jì)劃 起止時(shí)間 內(nèi)容 文獻(xiàn)閱讀、綜述報(bào)告 開題報(bào)告、外文翻譯 開題答辯 19 系統(tǒng)方案設(shè)計(jì) 硬件總體方案設(shè)計(jì) 各部分硬件設(shè)計(jì) 系統(tǒng)調(diào)試 論文撰寫 論文評(píng)閱 論文答辯 參考文獻(xiàn)： [1]潘新民 .微型計(jì)算機(jī)控制技術(shù) [M].機(jī) 械工業(yè)出版社 ,1999:203~214. 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