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20xx年電大會計制度設(shè)計期末復習重點必備考試小抄(參考版)

2024-11-09 11:37本頁面
  

【正文】 s botox and face lifts, there are much more that ancient wisdom has to offer. 。an, the starting point of the ancient Silk Road, a trade channel established more than 2,000 years ago linking China, Central Asia and Europe. The pursuit of beauty is a mon goal for most women, whether they live in the modern world today or in the modest times of the past. The pursuit of beauty is also a lifelong journey, something that demands pe rseverance and mitment. Summer is here, and so are the hot temperatures, humid air and harmful UV rays. Most Chinese women perfer fairer plexions, which means they have to do more work to stay beautiful during the hottest time of the year. However, without SPF50 sunscreens and air conditioned rooms, how did women in ancient China cope with the heat and remain beautyconscious? In this article, you39。s cooperation w ith Central Asian countries, a senior official said. Shaanxi Governor Lou Qinjian said the province is fresh, rich and unique, as it w as when it anchored one end of the ancient Silk Road. It is the best option for acmodating industrial transfers from East China or the w orld at large, he said on Wednesday in Xi39。s business development. Rudy Buttignol, president of the public broadcasting pany in British Columbia, Canada, said his work requires frequent travel to Chengdu and the policy makes the trips easier. Data from the city39。s largest breeding and research center. Three days are long enough for foreign visitors to visit those iconic tourist spots, he noted. The city is home to the remains of the Jin sha civilization that dates back more than 3,000 years as well as the Qing cheng Mountains and the Du jiang yan irrigation system. Qing cheng has long been recognized as the birthplace of Taoism, China39。s 72hour visafree policy has attracted wide attention from both Chinese and foreign experts and businessmen since it took effect on Sept 1 last year. The program permits citizens from 51 countries and regions including the United States, Australia, Canada and Japan who have valid visas and flight tickets to a third country to spend three days in the city. The capital of Sichuan province is the first city in the western region of China to offer foreign tourists a threeday visa and the fourth nationwide to adopt the policy following Shanghai, Beijing and Guangzhou. Li Zhiyong, deputy dean of the tourism institute at Sichuan University, said the move contributes to a large increase in the number of overseas tourists and raises the city39。s long history of fine ceramics lures followers from across the world, report Peng Yining and Hu Kaiyong in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi province. Dressed in paintstained coveralls, China De La Vega easily navigated the maze of alleyways running alongside a ceramics factory in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi province. The 31yearold Australian potter and painter wound her way through armies of onemeterhigh ceramic Buddhas and piles of porcelain shards while nodding greetings to the workers and residents. She said the locals are used to seeing foreigners in Jingdezhen, China39。porcelain capital39。 Preserving the ancient traditions Foreigners flock to China39。s 39。 ( 4)建立嚴格的操作時序性控制。對這些措施的執(zhí)行情況應(yīng)有嚴格的控制和監(jiān)督。 ( 2)日常使用中數(shù)據(jù)輸入,審核和數(shù)據(jù)檔案(尤其是磁介質(zhì)檔案如各種備份軟盤)及系統(tǒng)開發(fā)文檔資料保管的職責應(yīng)嚴格分隔。操作管理制度的要點是: ( 1)系統(tǒng)的開發(fā),維護人員與系統(tǒng)日常操作人員及現(xiàn)金的保管三類人員的職責應(yīng)嚴格分隔,互相不得兼任。目的是對各崗位明確權(quán)責和工作范圍,建立各工作崗位相互核對和監(jiān)督機制以避免發(fā)生錯誤和舞弊行為的發(fā)生。 【參考答案】計算機系統(tǒng)操作管理制度設(shè)計的要點如下: 操作管理制度是組織結(jié)構(gòu)控制和授權(quán)批準控制的具體體現(xiàn)。每月登記一頁(或者 23頁)包括所有會計科目的總賬,年終再裝訂成冊。 但是,這種設(shè)計會使總賬所提供的信息的連續(xù)性受到影響,有時為了了解某一會 計科目的全年增減變化情況,必須翻閱 12個月的總賬。 【參考答案】集中式總賬是指將企業(yè)所有的會計科目都集中在一頁(或者 23頁)總賬上,而不按會計科目分立賬頁的一種賬簿設(shè)計方式。 它特點是:使用比較靈活,適應(yīng)性較強;記賬和查閱比較方便;每一賬簿所提供的信息具有連續(xù)性(即分戶縱向連續(xù)性)。 3. 簡述分戶式總賬及其特點 。采用這種方法時,需要在科目匯總表 12 中,分別設(shè)置各會計科目的月初借(或貸)方余額、本月借貸方發(fā)生額、本年借貸方累計發(fā)生額和月末借(或貸)方余額8 個專欄。該法也可以簡化登記總賬的工作量,主要適用于經(jīng)濟業(yè)務(wù)較多但所使用的會計科目不多(從而采取多欄式核算組織程序)的單位,以及采取通用日記賬核算組織程序的單位。它是對經(jīng)常重復發(fā)生的經(jīng)濟業(yè)務(wù),采用匯總登賬法;而對于發(fā)生次數(shù)不多的經(jīng)濟業(yè)務(wù),則采用逐筆登賬法。該法可以較大幅度地減少登賬工作量,主要適用于經(jīng)濟業(yè)務(wù)較繁多的單位。 ⑵ 匯總登賬法。它是根據(jù)記賬憑證(或通用日記賬)逐筆過入總分類賬簿的一種過賬方法。在設(shè)計企業(yè)總分類賬簿的登記方法時,可供選擇的登賬方法通常包括哪幾種?并簡述其優(yōu)缺點和適用性。 ⑹ 根據(jù)國家統(tǒng)一會計制度的規(guī)定,可以用紅字登賬的其他情況。 ⑷ 在未設(shè)?借 /貸?余額方向欄的賬頁中,在?余額?欄內(nèi)登記負數(shù)余額。 ⑶ 在未設(shè)?借 /貸?余額方向欄的多欄式賬頁中,登記減少數(shù)。紅色墨水僅僅在下列情況下使用: ⑴ 根據(jù)紅字的記賬憑證,沖銷錯誤的賬簿記錄(紅字更正法)。( 3分) ⑸ 每月結(jié)賬前,出 納員的日記賬的結(jié)存數(shù)應(yīng)與會計現(xiàn)金總賬余額進行核對,保證賬賬相符。公司實際結(jié)存的現(xiàn)金超過庫存現(xiàn)金限額的部分,出納員應(yīng)在當天或次日上午及時送存銀行。( 3分) ⑵ 每日終了時,出納員應(yīng)該根據(jù)現(xiàn)金日記賬記錄結(jié)算出當天現(xiàn)金收入合計數(shù)、支出合計數(shù)和結(jié)存數(shù),并保證現(xiàn)金日記賬的結(jié)存數(shù)與實存數(shù)核對相符。請為該企業(yè)設(shè)計關(guān)現(xiàn)金日記賬簿登賬責任人和要求的會計制度。 ⑷ 適用性:它主要適用于規(guī)模大、業(yè)務(wù)復雜的企業(yè)。 ⑵ 優(yōu)點:可以大大地減少登記總賬的工作量。 11 簡述科目匯總表核算形式的特點、優(yōu)缺點及其適用性。 ⑵ 扉頁:注明?賬簿啟用和經(jīng)管人員一覽表?。 分類賬簿和序時賬簿一般是由哪幾部分構(gòu)成?各部分需要注明哪些主要內(nèi)容或需要設(shè)計哪些主要欄目?( 9 分 ) 參考答案:總賬、明細賬和日記賬等主要賬簿,一般是由封面、扉頁和賬頁所構(gòu)成的。也可以將本頁合計數(shù)和余額只寫在下頁第一行有關(guān)欄內(nèi),并在?摘要?欄內(nèi)注明?承前頁?字樣。 ⑻ 每一賬頁登記完畢結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)下頁時,應(yīng)做好?過次頁?、?承前頁?的計算登記工作 。?符號。 ⑺ 期末,及 時結(jié)出余額或結(jié)平余額 。如:結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)出存貨的節(jié)約差異、退回所購貨物時應(yīng)沖減的增值稅進項稅額、退回多交的增值稅、退回銷售貨物時應(yīng)沖減的增值稅銷項稅額、出口貨物辦理退稅后發(fā)生退貨(或退關(guān))而補交已退的稅款等 ⑹ 各種賬簿應(yīng)按頁次逐頁、逐行順序連續(xù)登記,不要隔頁跳行 。 ③ 在三欄式賬戶的余額欄前未印明余額方向時,在余額欄內(nèi)登記負數(shù)余額。 ⑸ 只有下列情況,可以使用紅墨水記賬 : ① 按照紅字沖賬的記賬憑證,沖銷錯誤記錄(即?紅字更正法?和?紅字沖賬法?)。登記賬簿時,應(yīng)當使用藍黑墨水(或碳素墨水)書寫。文字和數(shù)字一般應(yīng)占格距(寬)的1/2。 ⑶ 書寫留適當?shù)目站?。 ⑵ 注明記賬符 號。登記賬簿時,應(yīng)當將會計憑證日期、編號、業(yè)務(wù)內(nèi)容摘要、金額和其他有關(guān)資料逐項記入賬內(nèi)。請你根據(jù)登記賬簿的基本要求設(shè)計有關(guān)登記賬簿的規(guī)則。(9分) 參考答案:⑴ 合法性; ⑵ 經(jīng)濟性; ⑶ 針對性; ⑷ 控 制性; ⑸ 合理性; ⑹ 統(tǒng)一性; ⑺ 彈性; ⑻ 相對穩(wěn)定性。 ⑸ 有利于加強企業(yè)的內(nèi)部控制。 ⑶ 有利于簡化核算手續(xù),提高核算工作效率。 參考答案:⑴ 根據(jù)實際條件選擇和確定核算程序。 本科目應(yīng)按短期投資種類設(shè)置 明細賬。 ⑵ 短期投資賬面金額 其市價金額 如果股票價格 不斷上升, 市價等于或超過短期投資的賬面價值時,應(yīng)將?短期投資跌價準備?賬戶余額調(diào)整為零,即按?短期投資跌價準備?賬戶的貸方余額借記?短期投資跌價準備?科目,貸記?投資收益?科目。 年末,企業(yè)按?成本與市價熟低法?調(diào)整?短期投資跌價準備?
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