【正文】 11最新下載() 中國最大、最專業(yè)的學(xué)習(xí)資料下載站 轉(zhuǎn)載請保留本信息。 9．(D) 有具體表示過去某一時間段內(nèi)業(yè)已發(fā)生的事件的時間狀語，句子應(yīng)該用過去完成時。 ? 8．(C) by the time引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中若謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在時，則主句要用將來完成時；若謂語動詞用過去時，則主句要用過去完成時，有時也可以用過去將來完成時。本句也可說在Four years have passed since John left school.”或“has been four years sinceJohn left schoo1．’’ 7．(C) until引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句用了一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來的意思，主句因此必須用一般將來時與之呼應(yīng)，口語中常用將來進(jìn)行時代替一般將來時表示預(yù)料即將發(fā)生或肯定發(fā)生的事，也可表示某件事已經(jīng)決定了。而(A)和(D)表示對過去發(fā)生的事情根據(jù)客觀情況作出主觀推斷：(A)作“準(zhǔn)是看孩子了”講；(D)作 “本應(yīng)該看孩子”講，都不對，而(B)表示動作發(fā)生在過去的將來，也不對，所以只有(C)正確。 5．(C) 從上下文的邏輯意義看，(C)項是唯一的正確答案。 3．(C) 根據(jù)句意和時間狀語for twenty minutes，可以判斷這里應(yīng)填入現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時是現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的強調(diào)形式，并且選項中沒有現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)，所以(C)是正確答案。該句中said是過去時所以that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中也要用過去的某一種時態(tài)，而從句中since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句表明其應(yīng)為完 成時態(tài)，故應(yīng)用過去完成時態(tài)。t go to the party last night because she the baby for her sister until 9:30. A. must have looked after B. would have to look after C. had to look after D. should have looked after 6. four years since John left school. A. They have been B. It is C. It was D. Those are car at the present speed until it reaches the foot of the mountain at about 4 o39。however引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句必須采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，但不是主謂倒裝，而是將被強調(diào)的內(nèi)容置于句首。如： Much as I have traveled, I have never seen anyone to equal her, in thoroughness, whatever the job. Brave as they are, they are afraid of fight 2）．出現(xiàn)在句型be+主語+其他，e what may中。出現(xiàn)這樣的情況有以下幾種可能： 1．讓步從句的倒裝。注意：這種結(jié)構(gòu)主語一般為名詞，如果是代詞則不倒裝。如： Only when you have obtained sufficient data e to a sound conclusion. [A]can you [B]would you [C]you will [D]you can 3．以下列副詞或短語開頭的句子，句子的主謂要部分倒裝： often, so, well, to such a degree, to such an extent, to such extremes, to such a point, many a time。如： Suddenly, Gallup’s name was on everyone’s lips。如： Not only is its direct attack on their discipline, it bypasses the essence of what sociologists focus on. Under no circumstances should we do anything that will benefit ourselves but harm the interests of the state. (1985年考研題) 注：1)如果謂語動詞是單個實義動詞，倒裝時需根據(jù)人稱和時態(tài)加助動詞do。這種情況多出現(xiàn)在主系表結(jié)構(gòu)中。 一． 用全部倒裝的情況 全部倒裝一般是存在以下列副詞開頭的句子中，全部倒裝的方法是把句子的主謂語序顛倒過來，把謂語移到主語前面： 1）出于修辭需要，表示方向的副詞：out, down, in ,up, away, on。倒裝分為部分倒裝和全部倒裝，考試多為部分倒裝。這些集體名詞如：army, audience, band ,government ,group ,flock, police, public ,staff ,team ,troop. Crowd, firm, family 等等 The family is the basic unit of our society The family were watching the TV The audience was enormous The audience were greatly moved at the words 6．某些固定結(jié)構(gòu)中主語與謂語的數(shù)： 第一組： a great many + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 謂語用復(fù)數(shù) a number of + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 謂語用復(fù)數(shù) the majority of + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 謂語用復(fù)數(shù) 第二組； the number of + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 謂語用單數(shù) each/every + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 謂語用單數(shù) neither/either of + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 謂語用單數(shù) one and a half + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 謂語用單數(shù) 第三組； more than one + 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù) 謂語用單數(shù) many a + 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù) 謂語用單數(shù) 第四組； the greater part of a large proportion of 50% of one third of plenty of the rest of 謂語的數(shù)與of 后面的名詞一致 第五組； (n)either…(n)or…. not only….. but also …… not …..but …… 謂語的數(shù)與主語的第二部分（即(n)or/ but also/ but引導(dǎo)的后面部分）一致. 注意比較： More students than one have been referred to More than one student is going to buy this book（四）倒裝結(jié)構(gòu) 倒裝是指句子成分不是按主語在前、謂語在后的正常語序排列，而是將謂語或謂語的一部分移到主語之前。 rest of 。 eighty(ten, twenty…) percent。 half of。這些短語包括：a lot of /lots of。or 等連接的并列主語 Neither money nor fame has influence on me Not only you but also he is wrong 2) 在倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語動詞與后面的第一個主語一致 Blocking the opensided porch, framed by the enveloping fog, stands a tall gravefaced policeman. Just outside the ruins is a magnificent building surrounded by tall trees. Although a great number of houses in that area are still in need of repair, there has been improvement in the facili 2． 主語帶有（together/along）with, such as, acpanied by, as well as, no less than, except, besides, with, bined with, in addition to , including, together with 等等附加成分，謂語的數(shù)不受附加成分的影響仍然與主語保持一致 Professor Taylor , with six of his students ,is attending a conference in Boston organized to pare current practice in the United States with those of other nations. The president of the college, together with the deans, is planning a conference for the purpose of laying down certain regulations. (1981年考研題) 3．關(guān)系代詞做主語的定語從句中，謂語的數(shù)要與先行詞一致。 whether… or…。 Few people know he and I were classmates when we were at college. 2．集體名詞police, public, militia, cattle ,class ,youth后常用復(fù)數(shù)形式的動詞 The Chinese people are brave and hardworking The cattle are grazing in the sunshine 3．當(dāng)表示民族的詞與冠詞合用當(dāng)主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式 The Japanese were once very aggressive 4．某些形容詞前面加定冠詞表示一類人，做主語時候，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù) The rich are not always selfish 5．不可數(shù)名詞作主語，其前有表示數(shù)量的復(fù)數(shù)名詞修飾時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù) Three million tons of coal were exported that year 三．謂語動詞可用單數(shù)，也可以用復(fù)數(shù)的情況 1． 就近一致原則 這種情況下，謂語動詞使用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)取決于最靠近該動詞的主語的單復(fù)數(shù)，存在這種情況的主要由以下幾種可能： 1） 由連詞 either…or…。 Two weeks was too long Five times five makes twenty