【正文】 The Downing Street Declaration ? This is an agreement between Britain and Ireland. It was signed in 1993, agreeing that the future of Northern Ireland should depend on the wishes of the majority. IRA (愛爾蘭共和軍） ? It refers to Irish Republican Army. ? It is generally regarded as a terrorist anization. 。ll miss the wings of your passion more than you39。 all our words cannot express the joy you brought us through the years. Goodbye England39。ll always carry for our nation39。ve lost。 your candle39。 may you ever grow in our hearts. You were the grace that placed itself where lives were torn apart. You called out to our country, and you whispered to those in pain. Now you belong to heaven, and the stars spell out your name. And it seems to me you lived your life like a candle in the wind: never fading with the sunset when the rain set in. ? And your footsteps will always fall here, along England39。 NATO ? Its full name is the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. ? It was established in 1949. Diana Princess of Wales ? It refers to Lady Diana Spencer. In July 1981 Diana Spencer married Prince Charles of Wales, then she became Princess of Wales. This marriage was known as the “Wedding of the Century” and it brought much glamour to the Royal family. The couple had two sons and soon they divorced. And she died in a car crash in Paris on August 31, 1997. Elton John Candle In The Wind Goodbye England39。一方面，減少稅收增加經(jīng)濟(jì)活力；另一方面，增加利率減少貨幣支出。 1990年她辭職。在一定程度上講，她的計(jì)劃是成功的。她提出的政策被為 “ 撒切爾主義 ” 。 1973年英國(guó)經(jīng)歷了第一次石油 禁運(yùn) 。 ? In January 1973, Britain became a full member of the European Economic Community which was still called the Common Market in 1973. Britain witnessed the first oil embargo in 1973. ? 1973年 1月，英國(guó)終于成為歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)共同體的正式成員國(guó)。 ? In 1952 Princess Elizabeth was crowned Queen Elizabeth II. Many people through television saw the ceremony. ? 1952年伊莉莎白公主加冕成為伊莉莎白女王二世。 1973年，英國(guó)加入歐共體。在這些年中已發(fā)展成為一個(gè)福利國(guó)家。英國(guó)參與了與其他國(guó)家的幾個(gè)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。全體 選民 選舉了工黨政府。 What role did Winston Churchill play in WWII? ? He played an important role in the Second World War. He led the during the “miracle of Dunkirk” at the end of May in 1940. That was 338,000 Allied troops’ evacuation to Britain from Dunkirk. He and Roosevelt, Stalin decided to open the second battlefield in Europe at the Teheran Conference. And he proposed to continue to fight against Japan until the end of the war. 4. Postwar Britian 戰(zhàn)后的英國(guó) At the general election of 1945 Winston Churchill was heavily defeated. The electorate returned a Labour government. The war has hastened (加快 ) the end of Britain’s empire and its former colonies won independence one after another. Britain joined in several wars against other countries. The 1960s were the Swinging Sixties(搖擺的 60年代 )， the permissive age (寬容的時(shí)代 ). The foundations of the welfare state (福利國(guó)家 ) was laid in these years. In the 1980s, Mrs Thatcher started the privatization policy. Britain joined the European Economic Community in1973.) 溫斯頓。 ? The effects of the New York Stock Market crash of 1929 soon spread throughout Europe and by 1931 Britain was entering the Great Depression. ? （ 1929年紐約股票交易所崩潰的影響迅速波及歐洲，到 1931年英國(guó)進(jìn)入 經(jīng)濟(jì)大蕭條時(shí)期 。在戰(zhàn)后的安定階段 國(guó)際聯(lián)盟 成立。一戰(zhàn)中英國(guó)損失慘重。從那時(shí)起，英國(guó)逐漸侵略了中國(guó)的許多沿海城市，并簽定了一系列不平等條約。除了不斷擴(kuò)張的南部和西部殖民地后，英國(guó)又覬覦東北的埃及和蘇丹。整個(gè) 19世紀(jì)歐洲人逐漸發(fā)現(xiàn)并殖民了非洲內(nèi)陸。 1877年維多利來(lái)女王正式成為印度女皇。到 1819年英國(guó)對(duì)印度的征服已基本完成。 New Zealand became a separate colony of Britain in 1841, achieved selfgovernment in 1852, became a dominion under the British crown in 1907 and was made pletely independent in 1931. 1841年新西蘭成為獨(dú)立殖民地， 1852年實(shí)現(xiàn)自治，1907年成為英皇屬下的自治領(lǐng)， 1931年完全獨(dú)立。 1851年至 1892年的 淘金熱 使更多的人擁到澳洲。 ? English began to transport convicts to Australia in 1788. Free settlement began in 1816, and no convicts were sent to Australia after 1840. The gold rushes