【正文】 ［誤］I want any books to read. Do you have any?［正］I want some books to read. Do you have any?［析］按照語法any用于疑問句和否定句，而some用于肯定句。［誤］This room is enough large for the students to live in.［正］This room is large enough for the students to live in.［析］enough 可以用作代詞，如：There is enough of the food. 又如：Enough has been done for the work，但enough 還可以作形容詞來修飾名詞，這時(shí)enough可以放在名詞之前，也可放在名詞之后，如：money enough 與enough money都是對(duì)的。［誤］Much of what you said are true.［正］Much of what you said is true.［析］much用于不可數(shù)名詞，作主語時(shí)用單數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞。［誤］You have few friends, haven39。又如：on the other hand另一方面。［誤］Please remember to water the flowers each other day.［正］Please remember to water the flowers every other day.［析］every other day為每隔一天。 another may say it is far from ，the other one,也可以用作代詞the other,但the other用作代詞時(shí)它的含意一定是單數(shù)。　 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) 泛指 another形容詞 作定語 作名詞 another代詞 other others 特指 the other形容詞 the other代詞 the other the others ［誤］There are ten students here Where are the others students?［正］There are ten students are the others?［正］There are ten students here Where are the other students?［析］the others=the other students.［誤］The old man has two sons. One is a teacher, another is a doctor.［正］The old man has two sons. One is a teacher, the other is a doctor.［析］another用于泛指，如：Is it far from here to the station?I39。［誤］The post office is on other side of the street.［正］The post office is on the other side of the street.［析］單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞如在泛指某一個(gè)時(shí)用another,而特指時(shí)則要用the other,因街道只有兩邊，而不在這邊必定是在另一邊，所以要用特指。［誤］All of students might make some mistakes.［正］All of the students might make some mistakes.［正］All students might make some mistakes.［析］非特指的名詞前可用all但不可用all of結(jié)構(gòu)，也就是講all of結(jié)構(gòu)后面的名詞前一定要有定冠詞。［誤］There are trees on every sides of the street.［正］There are trees on each side of the street. ［析］every用于三者或三者以上的每一個(gè)，而each用于二者或二者以上的每一個(gè)。［誤］I should read English everyday.［正］I should read English every day.［析］要注意的是every day是“每天”，而everyday則是形容詞為“日常的”。［誤］Every of us has to pass the exam.［正］Each of us has to pass the exam.［析］every只可作形容詞，不可作代詞，而each既可作形容詞，又可作代詞，在作形容詞時(shí)each側(cè)重強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體，而every 則側(cè)重于全體。t give you either of the ：兩本書我全不能給你。又如：I can39。［誤］We like both this little boy.［正］We both like this little boy.［析］both作同位語時(shí)，它在句中的位置有：在be動(dòng)詞之后，如：We are both ，如：The parents both want to go to the ，如：We have both read these English ：Both of us are not ：我們倆不都對(duì)。t like Beijing opera, I don39。t like Beijing opera. I don39。［誤］I have three sisters. Neither of them is a doctor.［正］I have three sisters. None of them is a doctor.［析］neither用于兩者中無一是，而none則用于多于兩者中的人或事物無一是。但要注意的是either后要加單數(shù)名詞，如果作主語則謂語動(dòng)詞也要用單數(shù)形式。如果one與別的詞組成其他詞，如： someone, anyone, everyone或only one 則要用his/her，來作其所有格形式。s， should do one39。［誤］Everyone should do one39。答語為：是的，難學(xué)。如第一組句，即studied hard既適用于he,，即僅僅是第一句的縮寫時(shí)則不要用倒裝句。t hope so.［正］—　I hope she might pass the exam.—　I hope not.［析］在作肯定回答時(shí)，I think so. I hope so. I believe ：I don39。這樣的用法還有all the same(仍然)。［誤］The days in summer are longer than this in winter.［正］The days in summer are longer than those in winter.［析］在比較句中往往為了避免重復(fù)，可以用that或those取代前面提到的事物，如是單數(shù)時(shí)用that,復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)用those，如：The weather in Beijing is hotter than that in Chang Chun.［誤］It is so a good book that everyone likes to read.［正］It is such a good book that everyone likes to read.［正］It is so good a book that everyone likes to read.［析］在可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時(shí)可用so+形容詞+不定冠詞+名詞+that從句，也可用such+不定冠詞+形容詞+that從句。s Mary.［正］—　Who39。這樣的用法還有：enjoy oneself 玩得開心make yourself at home 像在家中一樣help yourself to something 自己拿某物lost oneself 迷路seat oneself 就坐dress oneself 穿衣［誤］—　Who39。［誤］Myself did it yesterday.［正］I myself did it yesterday.［正］I did it myself yesterday.［析］反身代詞不可作主語，但可以用作主語的同位語。而第一句應(yīng)譯為我像她那樣喜歡你。I like you as much as she.［正］I like you as much as her.［析］as…as 其后也應(yīng)看作是省略句。［誤］He and you should go to the library to return the books.［正］You and he should go to the library to return the books.［析］這主要是英語習(xí)慣上的用法。［誤］We have a lot of homework to do today. So we need two or three hours to finish them.［正］We have a lot of homework to do today. So we need two or three hours to finish it.［析］在應(yīng)用代詞時(shí)，要注意人稱，格與數(shù)的一致性。s mother is taller than mine.［析］形容詞性物主代詞可以作定語，也就是講它可以作形容詞，如：my book，而這句話的意思是：湯姆的媽媽比我的媽媽高。不定代詞在初中課本中主要有some, any， many, much, each, neither, other, another, all, both, one, none, either…(二) 正誤辨析［誤］Tom39。請(qǐng)看下表人稱 我 你 他 她 它 我們 你們 他們　 主格 i you he she it we you they 賓格 me you him her it us you them 物主代詞分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞兩種。 三、 代詞(一) 知識(shí)概要英語中代詞可以分為人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞、疑問代詞、不定代詞。ll get ＿＿＿ “A” in the test.A an B / C the D a［答案］A.［析］因字母A的第一音素是元音。 8 Beijing is ＿＿＿ capital of our country.A the B an C / D a［答案］A.［析］capital之后有of結(jié)構(gòu)則要用定冠詞。s＿＿＿ house in it.A a ,a B the, the C a, the D the, a［答案］D.［析］雖然是第一次提到，但在句中的語言是讓對(duì)方看某一特定的圖畫，所以應(yīng)選擇D。5 There is ＿＿＿ map in the classroom. ＿＿＿ map is on the wall.A a, A B the, The C a, The D the ,A［答案］C.［析］在文章中首次提到某人或某物時(shí)用不定冠詞，而第二次再提到該物或人時(shí)應(yīng)用定冠詞。3 What ＿＿＿ interesting book it is?A a B an C the D /［答案］B.［析］這是感嘆句，因?yàn)橐频皆话憔淝懊娴膹?qiáng)調(diào)部分中有可數(shù)名詞book,所以應(yīng)加冠詞，而interesting的第一音素是元音所以要加an。這樣常用的詞組有：as a rule (照例)in a hurry (匆忙)in the morning/afternoon (上/下午)in the sun (在陽光下)in the rain (雨中)in the same way (同樣)in the shade (在陰涼處)in the day time (白天)in the end (最終)on the other hand (換句話說)on the contrary (相反)［誤］The little boy and girl walk along the street a hand in a hand.［正］The little boy and girl walk along the street hand in hand.［析］這是英語中的習(xí)慣用法，如：bit by bit (逐漸)day after (by) day (一天又一天)day and night (日日夜夜)face to face (面對(duì)面)from A to Z (自始至終)from time to time (再三)hand in hand (手拉手)shoulder by shoulder (肩并肩)(三) 例題解析1 Mr Li is＿＿＿ old worker.A a B an C some D /［答案］B.［析］an用于元音音素開始的單詞前。如：Japan is a country .Japan, China, India are Asian countries.［誤］The picture looks better at the distance.［正］The picture looks better at a distance.［析］at a distance意為“離開一定距離”。［誤］Next s