【正文】 er than mine.［析］形容詞性物主代詞可以作定語(yǔ)，也就是講它可以作形容詞，如：my book，而這句話的意思是：湯姆的媽媽比我的媽媽高。請(qǐng)看下表人稱 我 你 他 她 它 我們 你們 他們　 主格 i you he she it we you they 賓格 me you him her it us you them 物主代詞分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞兩種。ll get ＿＿＿ “A” in the test.A an B / C the D a［答案］A.［析］因字母A的第一音素是元音。s＿＿＿ house in it.A a ,a B the, the C a, the D the, a［答案］D.［析］雖然是第一次提到，但在句中的語(yǔ)言是讓對(duì)方看某一特定的圖畫(huà)，所以應(yīng)選擇D。3 What ＿＿＿ interesting book it is?A a B an C the D /［答案］B.［析］這是感嘆句，因?yàn)橐频皆话憔淝懊娴膹?qiáng)調(diào)部分中有可數(shù)名詞book,所以應(yīng)加冠詞，而interesting的第一音素是元音所以要加an。如：Japan is a country .Japan, China, India are Asian countries.［誤］The picture looks better at the distance.［正］The picture looks better at a distance.［析］at a distance意為“離開(kāi)一定距離”。如：by car (坐小汽車)by taxi (坐出租車)by bike (騎自行車)by water (乘船)by air (乘飛機(jī))by sea (乘船)［誤］Mary began to learn how to play piano when she was three.［正］Mary began to learn how to play the piano when she was three.［析］在樂(lè)器前要加定冠詞，而在球類游戲之前則不要加冠詞，如：They like to play bridge when they are free. (他們空閑時(shí)愛(ài)打橋牌)［誤］The little boy wanted to go to cinema.［正］The little boy wanted to go to the cinema.［析］英語(yǔ)中雖有一些名詞與go to連用時(shí)不加定冠詞，以表示該名詞的內(nèi)涵，如：go to school (上學(xué))，go to bed(睡覺(jué))等，但去看電影則例外，要用go to the 。這時(shí)的定冠詞千萬(wàn)不要換作his, her, their, 等詞。)而：He went to the hospital to see his 。［誤］Rich are not always happy.［正］The rich are not always happy.［析］在形容詞前加定冠詞表示一類人，而在姓的前面加定冠詞，姓后加s表示某一家，如：The turners are going to move to New York.［誤］I like to eat bread for breakfast. Bread sells in this shop is very good.［正］I like to eat bread for breakfast. The bread sells in this shop is very good.［析］物質(zhì)名詞特指時(shí)也應(yīng)加定冠詞。［誤］Mississippi is one of the longest rivers in the world.［正］The Mississippi is one of the longest rivers in the world.［析］在河流名稱前應(yīng)加定冠詞，如：the Yellow River(黃河)。m in a hurry.”［析］不定冠詞的主要用法如下：1. 用來(lái)表示一類人或事物，如：She is a teacher.2. 指某一類人或事物中的一個(gè)，如：An elephant is bigger than a horse.3. 泛指某一人或事物，如：A man is waiting for you at the school gate.4. 相當(dāng)于“one”的概念，如：I just bought a new dictionary.5. 其主要的難點(diǎn)是用在固定詞組中：如：have a walk/a rest /a look又如：in a hurry 匆匆忙忙make a face 作鬼臉do somebody a favour 幫某人忙a number of =many又如：have a good time (玩得好)have a cold (感冒)have a headache (頭痛)have a break=have a rest［誤］I bought the dictionary yesterday. A dictionary is very good.［正］I bought a dictionary yesterday. The dictionary is very good.［析］在文章中第一次提到某物時(shí)用不定冠詞，而第二次提到時(shí)用定冠詞。要注意的還有hour因其第一個(gè)字母h不發(fā)音，所以應(yīng)該用an hour。不定冠詞用來(lái)表示一類事物中泛指的某一事物，而定冠詞則用于特指的某一個(gè)或某些事物，可用于不可數(shù)名詞、可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)及可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)前。sC our D Kike and John39。 16 There are three＿＿＿and seven＿＿＿in the picture.A deers, sheeps B deers, sheepC deer, sheep Ddeer, sheeps［答案］C.［析］deer與sheep均是單復(fù)同形的名詞。s day B children39。s D Teachers39。s name is James Allen Green. So his given name is＿＿＿.A James Allen B Allen Green C James Green D Mr. Green［答案］A.［析］英文的習(xí)慣與中文不同，中文是姓在前名字在后，而英文則是姓在最后，其第一個(gè)名字是由父母所起的，中間的名字可能是父母、教父所起的，但都可稱作given name,而姓在英文中是family name. 7 Shanghai is one of the biggest＿＿＿in our country.A city B city39。另外，英文的表達(dá)法與中文不同，中文講，快點(diǎn)，時(shí)間不多了，而英文要講，快點(diǎn)，沒(méi)時(shí)間了。(三) 例題解析1. Lucy and Lily＿＿＿in the same class.A. am B. is C. are D. be ［答案］C.［析］由and連接兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)按復(fù)數(shù)名詞來(lái)搭配謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。clothes是指衣服，但沒(méi)有單數(shù)形式，如：This clothing is needed in warm countries. Her clothes are made of fine ，如：a school dress 校服，an evening dress晚禮服。［誤］There are a lot of information here, but we don39。s 意為“王叔叔家”，doctor39。［誤］Let39。而cook也可作為名詞“廚師”講，而cooker則為廚具，餐具，即鍋、碗、勺等做飯用具。s library［誤］He is an old friend of my father.［正］He is an old friend of my father39。 weight價(jià)格名詞：two dollars39。s, rest 表示長(zhǎng)度的詞：three metres39。但是39。s and Jone39。s，如：This is Mary and Jone39。s a week or three—a week or three39。 ，則只加’s，如：children39。s.［正］There is a new car. It is Jone and Mary39。(即一便士一個(gè)的硬幣)。但如果只找其中的一個(gè)則要指明，這時(shí)還是應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。s in my telephone number.［析］在小寫(xiě)字母與數(shù)字的復(fù)數(shù)形式表達(dá)法中要用39。s即A39。［誤］I offered my son my congratulation on his success.［正］I offered my son my congratulations on his success.［析］英語(yǔ)中表示祝賀的詞雖有單數(shù)形式，但一般要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。［誤］My mother bought two fishes for supper this morning.［正］My mother bought two fish for supper this morning.［析］英語(yǔ)中有些名詞單復(fù)同形，如：fish, deer, sheep, Chinese (中國(guó)人), means (方法)。如：a five minutes39。s構(gòu)成所有格的名詞一般應(yīng)指有生命的人或物。如：I don39。t eat too much meats.［正］Don39。如:My family is a big family. When I came in, Tom39。m sorry. I have to go. Tom39。s and Mary39。s dictionary.［正］This is Mary39。而不可數(shù)名詞要表達(dá)數(shù)量時(shí)，要用與之相關(guān)的量詞來(lái)表達(dá)，如：two pieces of paper.［誤］Please give me two letter papers.［正］Please give me two pieces of letter paper.［析］paper作為紙講是不可數(shù)名詞，而作為報(bào)紙、考卷、文章講時(shí)則是可數(shù)名詞，如：Each student should write a paper on what he has learnt.［誤］My glasses is broken.［正］My glasses are broken.［誤］I want to buy two shoes.［正］I want to buy two pairs of shoes.［析］英語(yǔ)中g(shù)lasses—眼鏡，shoes—鞋，trousers—褲子等由兩部分組成的名詞一般要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 rooms, Children39。s其復(fù)數(shù)形式是s39。7. 不規(guī)則名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式是要單個(gè)記憶的，它沒(méi)有規(guī)律可循，如:man—men,woman—women, child—children, foot—feet,tooth—teeth, mouse—mice8. 單復(fù)同形的名詞有：fish, sheep,deer…9. 單數(shù)形式但其意為復(fù)數(shù)的名詞有:people,police等。3. 以ce,se,ze,(d)ge結(jié)尾的名詞加s，其讀音為［iz］。不可數(shù)名詞不能用數(shù)字計(jì)算，所以它通常只有單數(shù)形式。顧名思義，專有名詞是指：個(gè)人、事物、機(jī)關(guān)等所專有的名稱，如，the Great Wall， America…它們是不能隨意變動(dòng)的。我們不妨把它分為兩大類：專有名詞與普通名詞。 名詞一覽表種類 專有名詞 London, John, the Communist Party of China 普 通 名 詞 類名詞 nurse, boy, worker, pencil, dog, table 集體名詞 class, family, army, police, team, people 物質(zhì)名詞 water, steel, glass, cotton, wood, sand 抽象名詞 happiness, love, work, life, courage, honest 功用 主語(yǔ) My family is now in New York. 表語(yǔ) His father is a scientist. 賓語(yǔ) We love our great motherland. 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) He made London the base for his work. 定語(yǔ) The girls are making paper flowesrs. 狀語(yǔ) The car cost him 1000 dollars. 同位語(yǔ) Mr Brown, a famous scientist, will e here. 名詞在使用中的難點(diǎn)在于名詞的數(shù)，即可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞的實(shí)際應(yīng)用。如:map—map ， boy—boys.2. 在以s,sh,ch,x結(jié)尾的名詞后面加es，如：bus—buses,class—classes,其讀音為［iz］。photo—photos,radio—radios,piano—pianos6. 以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式要將f或fe變?yōu)関再加es，如：knife—knives, leaf—leaves, 但有些例外的詞如roof的復(fù)數(shù)形式是roofs。表示有生命的名詞的所有格其單數(shù)形式是加39。s room, students39。 ，如：the capital of our country, the colour of the flowers